BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA Biofuels How they stand in
BIODIESEL FROM JATROPHA
Biofuels: How they stand in different countries • USA: To Reduce dependence on foreign oil • Europe: To control greenhouse gas emissions and reduce oil import • India: Biodiesel becoming popular- assists in employment creation and in gaining energy independence.
What is Jatropha? • Shrub: 2 meters in height • Draught resistant, perennial • Starts producing after 2 -3 years of plantation (produces for 30 -35 years) • Seeds contain 50% oil (approx. 30% is extractable) • Oil: non-edible • Seed production: 0. 8 to 5. 2 tons per acre per annum (depending on soil and irrigation)
Oil producing crops
Processing of Biodiesel using Jatropha seeds
Possible utilization of Jatropha Plant
How Jatropha-biodiesel and Petro-diesel compare: • Low emissions: Reduction in unburned hydrocarbons, CO, SO 2 and particulate matter. Slight increase in NOX • Energy content: 94% (~70% for ethanol) • Energy Balance: >3. 2 (US DOE estimate with soy-biodiesel) Source: Biomass and Bioenergy 31 (2007) 569– 575
Economics 1. Farming 2. Oil extraction 3. Transesterification to Biodiesel
Farming Economics Source: www. jatrophaworld. org
Extraction Economics • Extraction Units close to cultivation. • Extration capacity: 3000 tons/year • Oil extracted: ~30%
Biodiesel conversion economics • Costs incurred: Personnel, Methanol/Ethanol, Potassium Hydroxide, Utilities, Equipments. • Revenue: Biodiesel and Glycerol sales. • ROI: 1. 5 to 3 years
Breaking the Poverty Cycle • Providing Employment: Harvesting is labor intensive. • Not eating into the food crop land • Extracted oil used directly: electricity generators, farm machines, indoor lighting, etc.
Outlook • Indian Railways: all trains run on B 5 by 2010 • Daimler Chrysler: tie up with production facility in Gujrat; completed 10, 000 kms of test runs on the CDI engines • TATA Motors biodiesel bus-fleet. • Immense interest shown by private investors • Villages developing cooperatives
Business/Research Opportunity • • • Solvent extraction of esters from seeds Seed variety for stabilized yield NEB study for Jatropha Electricity production using Jatropha oil Transportation issues
Thank You
- Slides: 15