Biochemistry Review Lets check your understanding State the
Biochemistry Review Let’s check your understanding…
• State the most frequently occurring chemical elements in living things.
Answer • Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
• State three other elements that are required by living things – albeit in smaller quantities…
Answer • Phosphorus, nitrogen, and sulfur
• What word means…”carbon based compounds produced by living things”?
Answer • organic
Who am I?
Answer • An amino acid – building block of proteins
Who am I?
Answer • a monosaccharide sugar – building block of carbohydrates
Who am I?
Answer • Fatty acid – building block of FATS/TRIGLYCERIDES. This one is a SATURATED fatty acid
Who am I?
Answer • Another amino acid…
Who am I?
Answer • Unsaturated fatty acid
Who Am I?
Answer • polymer
Which of the following DOESN’T belong? • • Glucose Lactose Galactose Fructase
Answer • Fructase – the rest are sugars (all end in – ose)… ending in –ase means its an ENZYME
Who am I?
Answer • Protein – a chain of amino acids
Which element is present in maltase but not maltose? • • • Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen Nitrogen Calcium
Answer • Maltase is an enzyme, which is a protein. Maltose is a sugar, or a carb. So, proteins have CHONS, while carbs contain CHO. So…that means that the answer is NITROGEN.
Name that sugar! • used by ANIMALS for short term energy storage
Answer • Polysaccharide: glycogen
Name that sugar! • provides rigidity to plant cell walls
Answer • Polysaccharide: cellulose
Name that reaction… Monosaccharide + Monosaccharide Disaccharide + Water
Answer • Dehydration synthesis or condensation
Name that reaction Amino Acid + Amino Acid Protein + Water
Answer • Dehydration synthesis, or condensation
Name that reaction! Fat + Water 3 fatty acids + glycerol
Answer • Hydrolysis, decomposition
Name that macromolecule class! • Used for long term energy storage in animals, protection, buoyancy and insulation
Answer • Lipids – specifically, fats
Name that macromolecule class! • Comprised of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen ONLY
Answer • carbohydrates
Name that macromolecule class! • Accounts for more than 50% of the dry mass of most cells.
Answer • proteins
Name that macromolecule class! • The only thing the members of this group have in common is that they are all NONPOLAR (i. e. hydro. PHOBIC) and are comprised chiefly of C, H, and O (sometimes P)
Answer • lipids
Name that macromolecule class!
Answer • lipids
Name that macromolecule class! • Used for transport, protection, catalysts, cellular communications, defense against foreign substances
Answer • proteins
• The most bang for your buck, in terms of energy, comes from…
Answer • lipids
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