BIOCHEMESTRY BY Reedge Abueg and Arron Ercia Muscle
BIOCHEMESTRY BY Reedge Abueg and Arron Ercia
Muscle Contraction • Any movement , such as a twitch Muscle Contraction • Contraction is controlled by the central nervous system (CNS) • 2 types of muscle contractions a) Eccentric Contraction b) Concentric Contraction
Muscle Contraction
Neurotransmission �Synaptic transmission �Electrical movements within synapses � 5 Steps in Chemical synapse 1. neurotransmitter must be synthesized and stored in vesicles 2. when an action potential arrives at the terminal, neurotransmitter s must be quickly released from the terminal into the synaptic cleft 3. The neurotransmitter must then be recognized by selective receptors on the postsynaptic cell 4. After recognition by the receptor, the neurotransmitter must be inactivated so that it doesn’t continually occupy the receptor sites of the postsynaptic cell. 5. Deactivation of the neurotransmitter.
Neurotransmission
Neurotransmission
Neurotransmission
Renal Filtration �To regulate the composition and volume of body fluids �The kidneys filter approximately 180 liters of plasma/day � The nephron is the fundamental urine-producing unit of the kidney �Occurs in the glomerulus of nephrons in the kidneys �Filters out toxic substances in the blood to keep the body healthy
Gas Exchange �The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood in the lungs. �Five parts: �Breathing �External Respiration �Gas Transport �Internal Respiration �Cellular Respiration
Gas Exchange
Blood p. H �The normal blood p. H in humans is 7. 4 �Buffers in our blood prevent our p. H level from dramatically increasing or decreasing �The kidneys and lungs help the buffers maintain a constant p. H �A constant blood p. H is critical for the chemical reactions that occur in the body �p. H below 6. 8 or above 7. 8 may result in death by acidosis
Conclusion �Muscle contraction, neurotransmission, renal filtration, gas exchange, and blood p. H all work together to keep our bodies running. �
Bibliography � � � Kidney, Filtration, Secretion, Reabsorption. [online]. 6/3/08 <http: //members. aol. com/Bio 50/Lec. Notes/lecnot 37. html> Gas Exchange. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gas_exchange> Gas Exchange in Humans. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //www. stemnet. nf. ca/~dpower/resp/exchange. htm#Cellular> T. , Deborah. Barron's How to Prepare for the AP Advanced Placement Exam. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //books. google. com/books? id=7 Co. Bl_np. Ga 4 C&pg=PA 216&lpg=PA 216&dq=gas+exchange+and+blood+ph+in+h umans&source=web&ots=Sa 98 b. R 9 Zt. Y&sig=Xf. U 0 kd. EOJOT 4 Lfo 1 -l. HVLE 6 G 1 v 4&hl=en#PPA 216, M 1 > Casiday, Rachel and Frey, Regina. Blood Sweat and Buffers: p. H Regulation During Exercise. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //www. chemistry. wustl. edu/~edudev/Lab. Tutorials/Buffer. html> Lecture 13: Muscle Contraction: The Sarcomere. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //members. aol. com/Bio 50/Lec. Notes/lecnot 13. html> How Neurotransmission Works. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //scienceeducation. nih. gov/supplements/nih 2/addiction/activities/lesson 2_neurotransmission. htm> An Introduction to the Mechanism of Muscle Contraction. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //www. ebsa. org/npbsn 41/intro_muscle. html> Stufflebeam, Robert. Function of Neurons. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //www. mind. ilstu. edu/curriculum/neurons_intro. php> Neuromuscular Junction. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Neuromuscular_transmission> Neurotransmitters. [online]. 6/3/08. <http: //www. williams. edu/imput/introduction_main. html>
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