Bio 398 Topics in Plant Biology William Terzaghi
Bio 398: Topics in Plant Biology William Terzaghi Spring 2014
COURSE OVERVIEW 1) Understanding how plants work.
Understanding how plants work. • Solar input = 1. 3 k. W/m 2
Understanding how plants work. • Solar input = 1. 3 k. W/m 2 • 5% (max) can be stored in organics
Understanding how plants work. • Solar input = 1. 3 k. W/m 2 • 5% (65 W/m 2) can be stored • Humans consume ~ 100 W (360, 000 J/hour)
• • Understanding how plants work. Solar input = 1. 3 k. W/m 2 5% (65 W/m 2) can be stored Humans consume ~ 100 W (360, 000 J/hour) Plants must have high surface area & low metabolism
Plant Structure 3 Parts 1. Leaf 2. Stem 3. Root
Plant Structure 3 Parts 1. Leaf A. Cuticle = lipid barrier
Plant Structure 3 Parts 1. Leaf A. Cuticle = lipid barrier B. Epidermis = barrier cells
Leaf Structure A. Cuticle = lipid barrier B. Epidermis = barrier cells C. Stomate = gate controlled by guard cells
Leaf Structure A. Cuticle = lipid barrier B. Epidermis = barrier cells C. Stomate = gate controlled by guard cells D. Mesophyll = photosynthetic cells
Leaf Structure A. Cuticle = lipid barrier B. Epidermis = barrier cells C. Stomate = gate controlled by guard cells D. Mesophyll = photosynthetic cells E. Bundle Sheath = control import/export
Leaf Structure E. Bundle Sheath = control import/export F. Vascular tissue = plumbing • Xylem = water & inorganics • Dead!
Leaf Structure E. Bundle Sheath = control import/export F. Vascular tissue = plumbing • Xylem = water & inorganics • Dead! • Phloem = sugars
Leaf Structure E. Bundle Sheath = control import/export F. Vascular tissue = plumbing • Xylem = water & inorganics • Dead! • Phloem = sugars • Live!
Plant Structure Kranz anatomy = less mesophyll, more bundle sheath
Plant Structure 3 Parts 1. Leaf 2. Stem
Plant Structure 3 Parts 1. Leaf 2. Stem • Apical meristems create new shoot cells
Plant Structure Stem • Apical meristems create new shoot cells • Vascular cambium creates new xylem & phloem
Plant Structure 3 Parts 1. Leaf 2. Stem 3. Root • Root cap protects tip
Root Structure • Root cap protects tip • Quiescenter provides reserve cells
Root Structure • Root cap protects tip • Quiescenter provides reserve cells • Apical meristem adds new cells
• • Root Structure Root cap protects tip Quiescenter provides reserve cells Apical meristem adds new cells Root hairs take up water & nutrients
• • • Root Structure Root cap protects tip Quiescenter provides reserve cells Apical meristem adds new cells Root hairs take up water & nutrients Casparian strip in endodermis forces all water & solutes to enter cells
Root Structure • Casparian strip in endodermis forces all water & solutes to enter cells • Apoplast = space between cells
Root Structure • Casparian strip in endodermis forces all water & solutes to enter cells • Apoplast = space between cells • Symplast = cytoplasm (continuous t/o plant through plasmodesmata)
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