Binary Fission The cell cycle Mitosis Meiosis cell

Binary Fission, The cell cycle, Mitosis & Meiosis

• • cell division of the ______ the number of _______ occurs in all _______________ there are two stages of meiosis (_______); ______ and ______ • ____ with a _______which contains ______ chromosomes • ______ with ________which contain ___________.

Every cell has a ______ Every nucleus has _______ The number of chromosomes depends on the _____ Ex. Humans have _____

Cells in your body have a _________(all 46) they are called _____. Gametes (sperm and eggs) only have ______ (23). This is called ______.

. When ______ combine, the _____ (__________) gets half from mom (23) and half from dad (23) ZYGOTES are _______ (Think two haploids= one diploid). The chromosome number of the egg and sperm is cut in half to ensure that the ___________. © 2015 Vanessa Jason Biology Roots

The process of creating a gamete (sex cell) It is similar to mitosis, but will produce ________that are each_____

Recall that genes are located on the chromosomes. Genes control an individual’s ___________(such as blood type and eye color). Chromosomes come in _______ called __________________. This _______ is a picture of an individual’s chromosomes. The pairs of color-coded chromosomes you see are called homologous pairs.

• chromosomes that are paired during meiosis (pairing called ________) • they consist of ______________ • __________________ • one pair is inherited from an individual’s father, the other pair is inherited from the mother • identical in _____, ______, and ____________. • __________________ (cross over) in order to ______ gametes.

• a process in which homologous chromosomes exchange genes • the chromosomal points at which crossing over occurs are called ________ • ____________ (if not for crossing over, gametes may be identical) • occurs during ________

OOGENESIS- meiosis in females; makes _____ (ova). During oogenesis _________________. The other three are called “_______” and die off.

Meiosis is divided into two stages: _______ and ______ Prophase I Metaphase I Anaphase I Telophase I Steps of ____ Prophase II Metaphase II Anaphase II Telophase II Steps of _______ *___________occurs _____ meiosis I and meiosis II. The number of chromosomes must be ______.

q _______ q chromosomes trade genes q _________ (increases the number of possible gene combinations)

METAPHASE I _______ line up at the cell’s ______. ANAPHASE I Homologous chromosome pairs _____. TELOPHASE I and CYTOKINESIS I- Nuclear membrane partially reforms; _________ into two cells (now haploid ____).

PROPHASE II The nuclear envelope _____. METAPHASE II ___________line up at the cell’s _____. ANAPHASE II Sister chromatids are ______; Move to _____ poles of the cell.

TELOPHASE II and CYTOKINESIS II________________

one diploid gametes halved two haploid four doubled. Meiosis- Involves _____ divisions in which ________ germ cell divides into ___________ gametes. Meiosis is the cell division of gametes in which the number of chromosomes is _______. Are the resulting cells from meiosis identical? Why or why not?