BILLY DORN BRITTLEA KEITH KAWANSI TAYLOR ERIK TOWNE

BILLY DORN BRITTLEA KEITH KAWANSI TAYLOR ERIK TOWNE HAUSSMANIZATION CITY PLANNING IN RIO de JANEIRO

Baron Haussmann Was a French civic planner whose name is associated with the rebuilding of Paris. Policy of massive urban surgery Baron Haussmann remade the urban fabric of Paris between 1850 -70 model for cities anxious to meet new demands of traffic State exercises power of eminent domain Expropriated land (after surgery) May be sold to a third party Not original owner

Haussmannization in Paris RENNOVATED PARIS: Created a network of large avenues Rings of boulevards are completed Created long winding streets connecting districts on the outskirts of the city Converted city squares Converted railroad stations Built monuments, public facilities & green spaces throughout Paris

Rio de Janeiro – Pre Renovation Old city was colonial style City had not changed significantly until the renovation in early 1900’s Many dangerous areas were left unfixed Dangerous Old alley ways and neighborhoods city was not designed exceptionally well. City administrative headquarters from colonial setup were mixed into the slum housing neighborhoods. Colonial style city was not going to make Rio de Janeiro an important location to the international market. Redesign of the city was vital to make Rio de Janeiro competitive.

Rio de Janeiro - Renovation Led by Fransico Pereira Passos, mayor of Rio de Janeiro from 1902 to 1906 Rio de Janeiro began massive city redesign Had an engineering background Destroyed and replaced almost all of the colonial buildings and the colonial layout of the city Colonial buildings no longer served a significant purpose City redesign was based on European capital cities Haussmannization city planning was used European capital cities were prosperous on the international stage

Rio de Janeiro Central Avenue (Avenida Rio Branco) Ran the length of the entire downtown city Buildings less than three-stories lined the avenue the entire length Brought many tourists to the city for the night-life scene Currently full of office buildings and heavy traffic Not as popular as it once was Cinelandia Square along Central Avenue Named after the many theatres built during the earlier part of the 20 th century. Now home to museums and theatres

Rio de Janeiro The city has been renovated to attract massive amounts of tourists Beach front hotels and resorts Popular parks throughout the city Large centers for business and trade

Rio de Janeiro City was separated into six different districts with different zoning regulations: Business Center – Centro de Negocios Administrative Center – Centro Administrativo Monumental Center – Centro Monumental Financial Center – Centro Banacario Embassy Center – Bairro das Embaixadas Calabouco Gardens – Jardins do Calabouco

Rio de Janeiro Districts laid out for economic classes: Districts along the southern coast were designed to please the upper class The middle-class was influenced to settle down in the districts that were first redesigned Poor people were left out of the inner city Had to find housing outside the city Shanty Towns rose in popularity

Rio de Janeiro – Problems Following the renovation there were many problems that the city faced Increased traffic High costs of living When the city was renovated the majority of slum housing was destroyed causing little living opportunities for the poorer community Poor citizens moved out of inner city and began to build even poorer homes on the outskirts of the city Shanty Towns The inner city began to fall apart as the skirts of the city became over run with poor people

Impact of Renovation The renovation projects in Rio de Janeiro have increased the cities market value in the international market The city is now a common place for tourists, trade, and international activities World Youth Day 2013 will be hosted in Rio de Janeiro 2014 World Cup Final 2016 Olympic Games

Haussmannization In Rio Haussmannization expand from Paris to Rio There was public buildings built in Rio in the second empire style Two of the buildings were the Biblioteca Nacional (1910) and the Museo Nacional de Belas Artes The building that stood out the most was the Teatro Municipal (All of this building Materials was imported from Europe)

Cont. The Haussmannization in Rio had echoes in most other large Brazilian cities But Rio was the city that experimented the further especially between the 1926 -30 Haussmannization created more than just beautiful buildings in Brazil it helped with the internationalization of trade between Europe.

DISCUSSION QUESTIONS What concept is city-planning in Rio based on? What sporting events are coming to Rio due to renewed interests in the city? What problems occurred due to renovations in Rio?