BIHAR FLOOD HEAVY RAIN RIVER OVERFLOW HOW FLOODS

BIHAR FLOOD

HEAVY RAIN RIVER OVERFLOW HOW FLOODS ARE CAUSED ? STRONG WINDS IN COASTAL AREAS DAM BREAKING

BIHAR FLOOD BIHAR, India’s most flood-prone state. Floods in Bihar are a recurring disaster which on an annual basis destroys thousands of human lives. Till now Bihar has been affected by flood 32 times. 1979, when flood occurred first time in Bihar. The latest one was just few days back, 16 th August, 2017 N. K.

32 TIMES… WHAT CAUSES SO MUCH FLOOD IN BIHAR. ? Ans- It’s geographical location. Bihar is located in the eastern part of India. It is bounded by Nepal in the north, which is mountainous region. Bihar and Nepal shares Koshi, Gandak, Narayani, Burhi, Kamla Balan, Mahananda, Adhwara and Bagmati rivers. When heavy rains occur in the mountains of central and eastern Nepal, the water flows into the major drainages of Narayani, Bagmati and Koshi rivers. These rivers carry high discharge and very high sediment load and drops it down in the plains of Bihar, causes flood.

LATEST FLOOD August 16, 2017 Affected 19 districts killing over 500 people And over 5 lakh people got displaced. Reason- sudden increase in water of the rivers Ganda, Bagmati, Kamal, Kosi and Mahanand.

LARGEST FLOOD Most disastrous floods of all times. Occurred in August 18, 2008 in river Kosi. 2. 5 lakh houses were destroyed. Submerged area 1. 05 lakh hectares wiped off. Intensity-1. 9 lakh cubic feet per sec. 866 villages destroyed. Number of deaths cannot be estimated. Worst affected districts were Supaul, Sahara, Madhupura, Purnea and Katihar.

REASONS FOUR TOP REASONS EMBANKMENTS -In 1954, when the Bihar flood policy was first introduced, Bihar had approximately 160 km of embankments. At this time, the flood-prone area in the state was estimated to be 2. 5 million hectares. Upon the completion of the system of embankments, 3, 465 km of embankments had been constructed and were administered by the Water Resources Department. However, the amount of flood-prone land increased to 6. 89 million hectares by 2004. DEFORESTATION - Deforestation of catchment area (Nepal) causes silts and often causes flood in river originating from Nepal. DAM - Dam are constructed over rivers but when intake of water from catchment area or due to rain increased then need to open gates which cause overflow in down river. Some time wrong weather forecasting is responsible for it. FARRAKHA BARRAGE -The period has caused serious interception in the dynamic equilibrium of the river hindering the natural oscillation of the river within its meandering belt. The meandering belt of Ganges in Malda and Murshidabad is 10 km wide. The water level of the Ganges rose about 8 m upstream of the Farakka barrage

THE SCALE OF CHALLENGES ECONOMY q Bihar is a rich agricultural area. which grows the major agricultural products like maize , rice , bajra, etc. But due to the frequent cause of flood crops are affected which leads to soil erosion and further grain damage and affects economy badly. q Houses, bridges and automobiles are destroyed leads to unemployment, poverty and migration. ENVIRONMENT q Environment suffers equally. Flooding causes massive leakage in the nuclear plants and also leads to deforestation. q People, Animals and other insects get killed. q Drainage system gets pollute, results in bad drinking water.

SOME OTHER CHALLENGES So, one of the greatest bottleneck in the way of developing Bihar is recurring floods 1. FATALISM: It is heartrending just as it was in august 1975. 2. INDOCTRINATED: They believe that Bihar is just fated to stay like that and despite all modern development. 3. CORRUPT BUREAUCRACY : Report are that policemen are throwing away dead bodies into the water. So, the surviving kin won't even be able to claim compensation from the state. While these people made reconciled with all these as a divine curse for their collective sins, And made ruling élite last laugh.

CONTRIBUTION Initiatives taken at Macro level and Micro level- MACRO LEVEL GOVERNMENT STUDIED ABOUT THE PROBLEM OF FLOOD IN BIHAR. PRIME MINISTER ASSURED ALL SUPPORT TO PEOPLE. PM GAVE 500 CR. RELIEF PACKAGE TO BIHAR. NDRF, SDRF AND ARMY HELPED PEOPLE WHO SUFFERED AT THEIR HOME. MICRO LEVEL AWARED PEOPLE SOCIALLY TO HELP THAT PLACE. RELIEF CAMPS PLACED, PROVIDED FULL TIME MEAL TO WHO SUFFER. REGULAR MEDICAL CHECKUPS. PROVIDED 4528 BOATS TO PEOPLE. NGO’S INITIATIVE ALSO HAD BEEN TAKEN.

THANK YOU PRESENTED BY SUMEDHA NAGPAL SHREYA UPADHYAY SIMRAN SHARMA GURPREET KAUR HIMANI PANDEY