Big Questions Chapter 14 Big Question 1 What
Big Questions Chapter 14
Big Question 1: • What was the Afro-Eurasian trading world before Columbus? 1. Trade routes were centered around cosmopolitan port cities, like Malacca 2. Gold is introduced to Europe by Trans-Saharan trade routes 3. Slaves traded between Africa and Europe 4. Ottomans captured Constantinople and dominate trade forced Europeans to find new routes to Asia 5. European trading centers play a minor role in world trade
Big Question 2: • How and why did Europeans undertake ambitious voyages of expansion? 1. Demand for luxury goods and desire for spices and wealth aka gold. 2. The desire to spread religion tot the new world as a result of the effects of the Reformation. 3. Lack of economic opportunity in Europe resulting in people turning to exploration New technology (Caravel) allowed explorers to cross the Atlantic.
Big Question 3 • What was the impact of European conquest on the peoples and ecologies of the New World? 1. Columbian exchange brought diseases, plants, animals, and goods to New World. 2. Encomindia System allowed settlers to force natives work in exchange for necessities and religion. 3. 82% of native population died over 200 years 4. Viceroyalties allow the king to rule from the old world and gain money. 5. Large amounts of natives are converted to Christianity.
Big Question 4 • How was the era of global contact shaped by new commodities, commercial empires, and forced migrations? 1. New commodities: precious metals, spices, sugar - Drove the economy - TRADE 2. Commercial empires: Spain, Portugal, England - Spain and England: colonies and hunting for different trade routes to Asia - Portugal: TRADE 3. Forced migrations - African slaves: from Africa and shipped to colonies for sugar harvesting and other jobs and to Europe to help out - Jews and muslims: forced out of home by Spain, later ruined economy, which through globalization affects other countries
Big Question 5 • How did new ideas about race and the works of Montaigne and Shakespeare reflect the encounter with new peoples and places? 1. Europeans saw themselves as superior to Africans. 2. Black slaves and Jews were seen as worthless and barbaric Montaigne wrote short reflections based off experiences that were relatable to people's personal lives. 3. Montaigne rejected that one culture was superior to another Shakespeare made it easier to accept slavery through his ideas writing highlights issues of race and race relations
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