Big BOSS Instrument RD Plans Chris Bebek LBNL

Big. BOSS Instrument / R&D Plans Chris Bebek (LBNL) DOE Big. BOSS Review, 7 December, 2011

Topics • Requirements • Pre-conceptual instrument design • Risks motivating R&D activities • R&D WBS outline • Introduction to the WBS areas and who is working them • Organization, cost and schedule • Conclude Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 2

Requirements (1/2) Items used in simulation to assure science requirements: • 4 -m class telescope • 3 degree diameter FOV • 5000 fibers • 15 minute exposure • 60 second reconfiguration • Galaxy placement on fiber to 350 mas rms (fiber positioner accuracy/knowledge, guiding, tracking astrometry) • Throughput(l) assumption Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 3

Requirements (2/2) Spectral Range and Resolution: • 360 nm < λ <660 nm: R > 1500 • 620 nm < λ <840 nm: R > 3000 • 800 nm < λ <980 nm: R > 4000 Resolution at a given z: • Lower limit set by need to resolve [O II] doublet • High resolution is good – signal/sky • Upper limit set by line width from velocity dispersion Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 4

Big. BOSS at the Mayall Corrector, focal plane w/ positioners Fiber bundles FTS room Electronics rack 5 -spectrograph stack Fiber bundles feed through wall 5 -spectrograph stack Instrument control Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 5

R&D Risk Reduction Areas • Management is tracking five high level risk topics. • Four are instrument related: 1. Meeting specified instrument throughput – requirements on a large number of subsystems including corrector quality, fiber performance, positioner performance, spectrograph performance, detector performance, telescope tracking. Mitigation –System Engineering. 2. Require a 12 mm fiber positioner which meets requirements on accuracy, speed, cost, and reliability. Mitigation – Three promising designs will be evaluated. 3. Require a large corrector. Mitigation – study optics designs, trading performance against cost. 4. 5, 000 channels of spectrograph which meet requirements on throughput and resolution. Mitigation – continue evaluation of a number of different spectrograph designs. Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 6

R&D WBS and Leads • This talk will focus on 2. 1 – 2. 9 and 2. C (not in order) WBS R&D Title Leads 1. 0 Management and Systems Engineering H. Heetderks UCB 2. 1 2. 2 2. 3 Cage & Barrel Component Corrector and ADC Fiber Camera M. Sholl P. Doel C. Baltay 2. 4 2. 5 2. 6 2. 7 2. 8 2. 9 2. A 2. B 2. C UCB University College London Yale University USTC, with IAA-CSIC Focal Plane System C. Zhai and LBNL Guider/Focus Sensors A. Roodman SLAC Fiber System J. Allington-Smith Durham University Spectrograph E. Prieto / P-H Carton LAM/CPPM / CEA/IRFU, Saclay Detector and Electronic N. Roe LBNL Instrument Control System K. Honscheid The Ohio State University Science Requirements N. Roe LBNL New York University, with Data System M. Blanton University of Utah and LBNL Mayall Interface Studies R. Besuner UCB Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 7

WBS 2. 1 – Cage & Barrel Components Corrector • 3 degree diameter FOV C 3 & C 4 (fused silica) • Atmospheric Dispersion Corrector • Challenges ADC 1 & ADC 2 (LLF 1, N-BK 7) — Mass of glass — Fabrication cost and schedule Focal Plate Fiber Actuators C 1 & C 2 (fused silica) Barrel • Hold lens and ADC cells • Provide focal plane mount Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan el arr B or el) t c rre (Ste o C ntss u o ell M ric ens Cces to e m 8 L rfa rrel o t s 3 e a Elanvar e Inttor B I xur ec Fle Corr 8

WBS 2. 1 – Cage & Barrel Components Cage • Supports corrector on telescope • Hexapod support • Yaw, pitch and axial translation allow PSF compensation • Support f/8 secondary Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 9

WBS 2. 1 – Cage & Barrel Components WBS 2. 1 – Mike Sholl (UCB) WBS FY 12 Activity 2. 1. 1 Corrector and cage requirements study 2. 1. 2 Optics modeling and evaluation 2. 1. 3 Corrector/Cage FEA 2. 1. 4 Cage thermo-mechanical stability study Talk B 2. 2 Deliverable Items Draft Corrector Requirements Tech Note Draft Corrector Design Trade Study Preliminary Corrector/Cage FEA package Cage Thermal Stability Analysis Tech Note FY 13 Activity Corrector and cage requirements dev't Optics Conceptual Design Corrector/Cage FEA Deliverable Items Corrector Conceptual Level Requirements Document Optics Conceptual Design Drawing Corrector/Cage FEA Report Cage thermo-mechanical stability study Cage Thermal Stability Analysis Document DOE funded activity Activity funded by others Multiply funded activities Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 10

WBS 2. 2 – Corrector and ADC Assembly Activities • Lens glass and figuring acquisition plan • Lens mounting and alignment in cells plan • Lens cell mount and alignment into corrector plan Laser alignment of cells into corrector Lens cell Laser Turntable for lens centering and tilt in cell Camera Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 11

WBS 2. 2 – Corrector and ADC Assembly WBS 2. 2 – Peter Doel (University College London) WBS FY 12 Activity 2. 2. 1 Thermo-mechanical stability study 2. 2. 2 Lens Mounting Study 2. 2. 3 Lens Alignment Study Deliverable Items Lens Cell Thermal Stability Analysis Tech Note Pre-Conceptual Lens Mount Tech Note Pre-Conceptual Alignment Tech Note FY 13 Activity Thermo-mechanical stability study Lens Mounting Study Lens Alignment Study Talk B 5. 6 Deliverable Items Lens Cell Thermal Stability Analysis Document Lens Mount Conceptual Design Conceptual Alignment Procedure DOE funded activity Activity funded by others Multiply funded activities Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 12

WBS 2. 4 – Focal Plane System Nexus of several systems • Mount 5000 fiber actuators on 12 mm pitch … • … with mechanical precision and stability. • Accommodate guider focus sensors. . . • … and fixed fiducial fibers. • Heat removal system. • Support fiber bundles. Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 13

WBS 2. 4 – Focal Plane System Positioners • Precision focus depth placement and maintenance over patrol area. • Maintain fiber injection angle over patrol area. • Quickly place on target galaxy with few iterations. q-q USTC – LAMOST evolution • Minimize electrical heat generation. Positioner Architectures USTC, IAA Spain, Cobra q-q IAA Spain – SIDE concept evolution LBNL r-q LBNL flexure based Echidna Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 14

WBS 2. 4 – Focal Plane System Spain focal plane conceptual design development. LBNL thermal management studies to route heat from positioners and guide/focal sensors out of the air column above the primary mirror. Exhaust duct Spain focal plane materials and machinability studies. Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 15

WBS 2. 4 – Focal Plane System WBS 2. 4 – Chao Zhai (University of Science and Technology China) with Francisco Prada (Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía) and Joe Silber (LBNL) WBS 2. 4. 1. 1 2. 4. 1. 2 2. 4. 1. 3 2. 4. 2 FY 12 Activity Evaluation of the 12 mm θ-θ and R-θ Positioners Evaluation of the 8 mm Cobra positioner Focal plane structure stiffness study Deliverable Items Positioner Performance Tech Note Cobra Positioner Performance Tech Note Focal Structure FEA Tech Note Talk B 5. 4 Talk B 5. 7 FY 13 Activity Deliverable Items Evaluation of the down select positioner Performance Final Report Evaluation of the 8 mm Cobra positioner Focal plane structure stiffness study Cobra Positioner Performance Final Report Focal Structure FEA & Conceptual Design DOE funded activity Activity funded by others Multiply funded activities Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 16

WBS 2. 5 – Guider/Focus Sensors Notional implementation • Guider — Two 2 k x 2 k CCD — Frame transfer — S/N > 30 with 10+ stars every exposure — Provide pointing update at ~1 Hz • Focus — Two 2 k x 2 k CCD, 1 extra-focal, 1 intra-focal — Frame transfer — Provides focus/alignment each exposure R&D • Optimal number of detectors • Ambient temperature sensor operation • On-telescope tracking performance F- Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan G 1 G 2 F+ 17

WBS 2. 5 – Guider/Focus Sensors WBS 2. 5 – Aaron Roodman (SLAC) Talk B 5. 2 (Kevin Reil presenting) WBS FY 12 Activity 2. 5. 1 CCD Evaluation Deliverable Items CCD Review Tech Note FY 13 Activity Deliverable Items 2. 5. 2 Packaging and Mounting Study 2. 5. 3 Shutter Study Pre-Conceptual Module Mechanical ICD Tech Note Shutter Blockage and Scattered Light Tech Note Pre-Conceptual Tracking Plan Tech Note Packaging and Mounting Study Shutter Study Guider/Focus Sensor Conceptual Design Shutter Conceptual Design Tracking Strategy Study Tracking Plan Conceptual Design 2. 5. 4 Tracking Strategy Study DOE funded activity Activity funded by others Multiply funded activities Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 18

WBS 2. 6 – Fiber System • Fiber bundling into cables — Gather single fibers from positioners • Fiber routing — Several scenarios — Support fiber bundles — Control bending from telescope motion • Fibers formed into a slit at spectrograph input Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 19

WBS 2. 6 – Fiber System Terminate fibers without serious degradation of f/# • Ferrule at positioner Spectrograph end termination • Possible intermediate connectors • Spectrograph input slit array Positioner end termination Durham FMOS slit array Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 20

WBS 2. 6 – Fiber System WBS 2. 6 – Jeremy Allington-Smith (Durham University) Talk B 2. 3 with Jerry Edelstein (UCB) and Il Park (IEU Korea) WBS FY 12 Activity 2. 6. 1 Ferrule pre-conceptual design study 2. 6. 2 Fiber Flexing Tests Deliverable Items Pre-Conceptual Ferrule Design Tech Note Flexing Test Tech Note 2. 6. 3 Connection Study Connections FRD and Throughput Tech Note Alternate routing Tech Note Pre-Conceptual Slit head Design Tech Note Pre-Conceptual cable design Tech Note 2. 6. 4 Routing Study 2. 6. 5 Spectrograph Termination Study 2. 6. 6 Cable design study 2. 6. 7 Commercial ferrule evaluation Report on commercial ferrules Tech Note 2. 6. 8 Quality assurance study Pre-conceptual fiber testing plan Tech Note 2. 6. 9 Fiber Modeling Computer model Tech Note FY 13 Activity Deliverable Items Ferrule pre-conceptual design Ferrule Conceptual Design study Fiber Flexing Tests Fiber Flexing Preliminary Test Report Connection Study Fiber Fuser Detailed Test Report Spectrograph Termination Study Cable design study Slit head Conceptual Design Fiber test plans Fiber Test Conceptual Design Spectrograph Cable Conceptual Design DOE funded activity Activity funded by others Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan Multiply funded activities 21

WBS 2. 3 – Fiber Camera Reconstruct x and y position of fiber tips • Image back illuminated fiber tips and fiducial fibers • Multiple 1 second measurements to iterate fiber positions • Well surveyed fiducial fibers for self calibration R&D to demonstrate 5 mm reconstruction accuracy Possible locations Camera Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 22

WBS 2. 3 – Fiber Camera WBS 2. 3 – Charlie Baltay (Yale University) WBS FY 12 Activity Deliverable Item(s) 2. 3. 1 Fiber camera requirements Fiber View Camera Prereview Concept Requirements Tech Note 2. 3. 2 CCD & FEE Review Pre-Conceptual Fiber 2. 3. 3 COT Lens Review Camera Design Tech Note 2. 3. 4 Talk B 2. 4 FY 13 Activity Deliverable Items Fiber camera requirements Fiber View Camera review Conceptual Requirements Document CCD & FEE Review Fiber Camera Conceptual COT Lens Review Design Breadboard for centroid Centroiding Accuracy Test finding Report DOE funded activity Activity funded by others Multiply funded activities Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 23

WBS 2. 7 – Spectrograph Reference spectrograph • 3 arms, all refractive optics — Achieve high throughput and spot size • Dichroic beam splitters • VPH grating dispersers — Efficiency over band pass — Low scattered light • Ten copies to serve 5000 fibers — Cost to replicate Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 24

WBS 2. 7 – Spectrograph Cryostat • Concept in development at Saclay. • Tip-tilt-piston CCD position. — Demonstrate • Testing linear pulse tube for distributed cooling. — Vibration coupling into CCD Cryostat assembly CCD tip-tilt-piston adjusters LPT cooler Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 25

WBS 2. 7 – Spectrograph WBS 2. 7 – Eric Prieto (Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille / Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille) and Pierre-Henri Carton (CEA/IRFU, Saclay) with Pat Jelinsky (UCB) WBS FY 12 Activity 2. 7. 1 Requirements Study 2. 7. 2 BOSS Spectrograph Evaluation 2. 7. 3 Pre-Conceptual System Design 2. 7. 4 VPH Grating Evaluation 2. 7. 5 Optical Elements Requirements Study 2. 7. 6 Element Vendor Identification 2. 7. 7 Dewar Pre-Conceptual Design 2. 7. 8 Cooler Study and Analysis Talk 5. 5 Deliverable Items Pre-Conceptual Requirements Tech Note BOSS Spectrograph Performance Tech Note Pre-Conceptual System Design Tech Note Grating Test Tech Note Pre-Conceptual Element Requirements Matrix Potential Vendor Table FY 13 Activity Requirements Study Deliverable Items Concept Req. Doc. Spectrograph System Design Dichroic Evaluation Optical Elements Requirements Study Spectrograph Conceptual Design Drawing Dichroic Test Tech Note Element Requirements Matrix Dewar System Pre. Conceptual Design Cooler Study Tech Note Dewar System Design Dewar Conceptual Design Drawing DOE funded activity Activity funded by others Multiply funded activities Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 26

WBS 2. 8 – Detectors and Electronics • BOSS detector technology works for Big. BOSS detectors — LBNL fully-depleted 4 k x 4 k for Vis and NIR arms • Develop abuttable package based on a 4 k x 2 k design • Explore blue-optimized AR couating — e 2 v CCD 231 -84 4 kx x 4 k with broadband coating for UV • Detector readout based on CRIC ASIC developed for JDEM — 4 channel, analog shaping + CDS, auto-ranging 14 -bit pipeline ADC e 2 v Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan Clock drivers LBNL as packaged for BOSS CRIC ASIC Bias voltages 27

WBS 2. 8 – Detectors and Electronics WBS 2. 8 – Natalie Roe (LBNL) Talk B 5. 3 WBS FY 12 Activity 2. 8. 1 Requirements Study Deliverable Item(s) CCD Review Tech Note 2. 8. 2 Detector Evaluation Candidate Detectors Table and Test Reports Detector Package Evaluation Tech Note Design Package; Test Report 2. 8. 3 Detector Packaging Evaluation 2. 8. 4 FEE Pre-Conceptual Development FY 13 Activity CCD Requirements Development Detector Element Evaluation Detector Packaging Evaluation FEE Conceptual Development Deliverable Item(s) CCD Requirements Document Candidate Detectors Table and Test Reports Detector Package Evaluation Tech Note FEE Conceptual Design Drawing Package DOE funded activity Activity funded by others Multiply funded activities Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 28

WBS 2. 9 – Instrument Control System Nexus of multiple control and monitor systems • Big. BOSS instrument internals • Big. BOSS data management • Instrument operation (remote? ) • Telescope operations Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 29

WBS 2. 9 – Instrument Control System Timeline of activities for a complete exposure cycle can show the intricacies of the subsystems interactions. Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 30

WBS 2. 9 – Instrument Control System WBS 2. 9 – Klaus Honscheid (The Ohio State University) WBS FY 12 Activity 2. 9. 1 ICS Requirements Study 2. 9. 2 Infrastructure Soft-ware Evaluation 2. 9. 3 Subsystem Coordination 2. 9. 4 2. 9. 5 Deliverable Items Preliminary ICS Requirements Document. Draft of Instrument Operations Timeline FY 13 Activity ICS Interfaces Study Infrastructure Soft-ware Evaluation Subsystem Coordination Talk B 5. 1 Deliverable Items Preliminary system ICD Document First version of Exposure Conceptual Design of DAQ- Sequencer Document CCD Frontend Interface Conceptual DAQ Design Subsystem software support during R&D DOE funded activity Activity funded by others Multiply funded activities Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 31

WBS 2. C – Mayall Interface Studies • Many interfaces to the Mayall to capture • Historical performance data to be mined — Tracking — Seeing • Experiments to be performed. — Tracking — Structure vibrations — Seeing Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 32

WBS 2. C – Mayall Interface Studies WBS 2. C – Robert Besuner (UCB) WBS 2. C. 1 2. C. 2 2. C. 3 2. C. 4 2. C. 5 2. C. 6 2. C. 7 2. C. 8 2. C. 9 2. C. A 2. C. B Talk B 3. 2 FY 12 Activity Mayall PSF Study Mayall Structure Modification Study Telescope Baffling Study Deliverable Items PSF Study Tech Note Mayall Structure Modification Study Tech Note Telescope Baffle Study Tech Note Mass Tracking Pre-Conceptual Mass Tracking Plan Power Cooling Study: Prime Focus Cooling Focus Technical Note Power Cooling Study: Spectrograph Cooling Spectrographs Technical Note RF Shielding Study RF Shield Tech Note I&T Study Pre-Conceptual I&T Plan Floor Plan Development Floor Plan Tech Note F/8 Exchange Study F/8 Exchange Tech Note Telescope Mechanical Model Correlation Verification Tech Note 2. C. C 2. C. D E. C. E 2. C. F 2. D. G Mayall Mount Performance Evaluation Study Software Interfaces Development Optical Alignment Study Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan FY 13 Activity Deliverable Items Mayall Structure Modification Study Telescope Baffling Study Mass Tracking Mayall Structure Modification Conceptual Design Telescope Baffle Conceptual Design, Stray Light Analysis Report Mass Tracking Document Released Power Cooling Study: Prime Focus Cooling Mockup Test Report I&T Study Floor Plan Development F/8 Exchange Study Telescope Mechanical Model Correlation Focal Plane Harness Study Focal Plane Power System Study Conceptual I&T Plan Floor Plan Conceptual Design F/8 Conceptual ICD Mechanical Model Verification Document Focal Plane Harness Conceptual Design Focal Plane Power System Concept Design Mayall Mount Performance Tech Note Software Interface Requirements Document Optical Alignment Tech Note, Preliminary Procedure 33

R&D Organization Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 34

DOE R&D Cost (Foreign contributions not included) WBS Description FY 12 Cost (RY $K) 1. 0 R&D Management and SE 534 894 1, 428 2. 1 Cage & Barrel Components R&D 290 320 610 2. 2 Corrector and ADC R&D 25 25 50 2. 3 Fiber Camera R&D 50 72 121 2. 4 Focal Plane System R&D 231 313 544 2. 5 Guider/Focus Sensors R&D 63 115 177 2. 6 Fiber System R&D 139 185 324 2. 7 Spectrograph R&D 223 239 462 2. 8 Detector and Electronics R&D 196 355 551 2. 9 Instrument Control System R&D 73 74 147 2. A Science Requirements R&D 52 160 211 2. B Data System R&D 458 505 963 2. C Mayall Interface R&D Studies 345 279 623 2, 679 3, 536 6, 215 Total by FY Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan FY 13 Cost (RY $K) Total 35

DOE R&D Activity Highlights and Cost Drivers WBS Area Primary DOE Activities Cost Drivers 2. 1 Corrector Cage Assy Develop optical design. Trade image performance vs mass of glass vs fabrication cost and schedule Optical/mechanic engineering and consultant fees. 2. 2 Corrector and ADC Analyze thermal/mechanical stability. Mechanical engineering for thermal modeling for corrector assembly. 2. 3 Fiber View Camera Centroiding demonstrator Mechanical design and M&S for centroiding measurement. 2. 4 Focal Plane System Demonstrate required positioner performance Technical effort for positioner performance measurement and focal plane structure FEA; LBNL actuator materials; commercial samples. 2. 5 Guide/Focus Study approach and available sensors. Measure Mayall tracking performance Technical effort for sensor technology study; M&S for sensor for Mayall testing. 2. 6 Fiber System Develop low focal ratio degradation fiber termination and connectorization. Develop spectrograph fiber slit array concept. Fiber optical performance measurement effort and fiber slit array optical/mechanical design effort. 2. 7 Spectrograph Develop optical design concept. Implementation/cost trades. Measure VPH scattered light. Spectrograph optical/mechanical design effort, VPH sample acquistion and measurement effort. 2. 8 Detectors & Elect Acquire LBNL CCD wafers. Develop abuttable package. Develop frontend electronics concept. LBNL CCD manufacture and frontend electronics engineering effort. 2. 9 Instr Control System Capture interfaces. Create draft ICDs Instrument control technical effort for documentation and concept. 2. C Mayall Interface Capture interfaces. Document Mayall performance Mayall interface capture technical effort. Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 36

R&D Key Schedule Items 2. 1 Cage & Barrel Components Corrector Technology Downselect 2012 -09 -01 Optics Design 2013 -07 -01 2. 2 Corrector and ADC Manufacturing Plan 2012 -10 -01 Vendor ROM 2013 -10 -01 Centroiding Test 2012 -10 -01 Detector and Optics Selection 2013 -07 -01 Positioner Downselect 2012 -12 -15 Positioner Fabrication Plan 2013 -07 -01 2. 5 Guider/Focus Sensors CCD Selection 2012 -07 -01 Guider Engr Model Design 2013 -10 -01 2. 6 Fiber System Connection Method Downselect 2012 -07 -01 Slithead Engineering Model 2013 -08 -01 Optics Technology Downselect 2012 -10 -01 Preliminary Manufacturing Plan 2013 -07 -01 2. 8 Detector and Electronics CCD Test System in Operation 2012 -07 -01 CCD Sensors Selection 2013 -10 -01 2. 9 Instrument Control System BOSS, DES, LSST Study Report 2012 -06 -01 DAQ/Detector Interface Design 2013 -07 -01 2. C Mayall Interface Studies Mayall Upgrade Requirements Doc 2012 -08 -01 NOAO/ Big. BOSS Interface Plan 2013 -07 -01 2. 3 Fiber Camera 2. 4 Focal Plane System 2. 7 Spectrograph 37

Summary • We are building on the pre-conceptual design successfully reviewed by NOAO external panel (Schmidt Committee). • Personnel with area-specific expertise are in management positions. • Project risks are identified and are actively being mitigated (more in later talks). • At end of R&D period we will have CD-1 level conceptual design with technology trades complete, interfaces identified, and refined cost and schedule. Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 38

R&D Partners and Expertise USTC (China): Fiber positioners LAMOST fiber positioners U Michigan: Calibration hardware JDEM IAA (Spain): Focal plane GTC Nasmyth mount + positioner design SLAC: Guiding/focus DES, LSST Fermilab (U. S. ): Telescope top-end + lens cell UCL (U. K. ): Telescope optics Dark Energy Survey top-end + optics Ohio State: Data acquisition BOSS, DES NOAO: Telescope interface, operations Durham + IEU (Korea): Fibers + testing FMOS + Fibers for physics exp’ts LAM + CPPM (France): Spectrographs VIMOS spectrographs CEA (France): Cryostat systems Megacam camera Berkeley Lab (U. S. ): CCDs + electronics, optical design, project management WFIRST/JDEM optical design DES, BOSS, JDEM detectors Yale: Fiber view camera QUEST camera Chris Bebek B 2. 1 Instrument / R&D Plan 39