Big Bang Black Holes No Math ASTRPHYS 109
Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math ASTR/PHYS 109 Dr. David Toback Lectures 2 & 3 Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 1
Prep For Today (is now due) – L 2 No laptops or cellphones If you just joined the class, welcome. Send me an email if you need an extension. All this is posted in the lecture notes!! • Reading: – BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4): Was due already – Recommended Reading (not required): BHOT: Chap. 1 -3, SHU: Chap. 1 -2, TOE: Chap. 1 • e. Campus Stuff – Read e. Campus Instructions on the main course page: Was due already • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. pdf – Extensions granted if needed. 109 Quiz. Help@Physics. tamu. edu – Warm-up Quizzes Part 1: Quiz 1, 2 and AMS I: Was due before class – Warm-up Quizzes Part 2: Quiz 1 -6: Will be due before next class – Warm-up Quizzes Part 3: (single Quiz): Due the class after that – If you need additional attempts, follow the instructions or fill out the worksheet • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Requesting. Attempts. Worksheet. xlsx • How to get to your old submission information http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. pdf#page=4 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions: – Read Instructions on the main course page: Reading was due already • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/PLRQ_Guidelines. pdf – Unit 1 Quiz parts A & B: • Will open after you finish Warmups Parts 1 -3. Two parts A & B. Not yet assigned • Honors Section: – Start working on Stage 0, send an email this week • Other Prep – Make sure you are receiving email using the Official A&M email, will use it for class announcements – Make sure you are able to take notes without a phone or laptop/tablet Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 2
Prep For Today (is now due) – L 3 No laptops or cellphones except for during quizzes If you just joined the class, welcome. Send me an email if you need an extension. All this is posted in the lecture notes!! • Reading: – (BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4): Was due already) • e. Campus Stuff – (Warm-up Quizzes Part I, Quiz 1, 2 and AMS I: Was due already) – Warm-up Quizzes Part II, Quiz 1 -6: Was due before class – Warm-up Quizzes Part III, single Quiz: Due before next class – Extensions granted if needed. 109 Quiz. Help@Physics. tamu. edu – If you need additional attempts, follow the instructions or fill out the worksheet • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Requesting. Attempts. Worksheet. xlsx • How to get to your old submission information http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. p df#page=4 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions: – Unit 1 Quizzes: • Will open after you finish Warmups Parts 1 -3. Two parts A & B. Not yet assigned • End-of-Chapter Quizzes: – Nothing assigned (Will assign EOC 2 when we finish Chapter 2) • Honors Section: Big Bang, – Start Black working on Stage 0. Need to. Introduction hear from you at least once every 7 days 3 Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
Two part, In-Class 5 Minute Quiz 1. Take out a sheet of paper and label it with Your name, Email address and UIN Write out the answer for the following 3 questions: 1. What do you most want to learn about in this class? Feel free to make a list, but in that case indicate priorities There is no right answer for this question. We mostly want to know what you want to learn about. Be BRUTALLY honest 2. What was the prep work for today? 3. Did you struggle with the warmup quizzes? We have updated the Feedbacks and documentation, but can you make additional recommendations on how make them less painful but still achieve useful goals? 2. Bang, Take out your clicker and Choose “E” Introduction Big Black 4 Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
How the course is organized Next few slides are on course organization, grades etc… http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Course. Organization. pdf (page 37 -44) And http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Class. Schedule. pdf • • More on e. Campus Quizzes and how to get help Grades Late Penalties Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 5
Going Big – Chapter 2 • You have to get started somewhere • Start by looking at the various things in the universe – Go from sizes we know to the VERY big • After that we’ll do the very small – Chapter 3 Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 6
The Very Big: Why Start Here? • If we want to understand the universe and where it comes from (and what’s going to happen to it) we need to know: 1. What’s in it 2. What it’s made of • Said differently, "What are we trying to explain? ” or “If the Big Bang is the answer, what is the question”? – If we were detectives trying to explain what happened, we’d need to gather evidence: – What do we gather by Big Bang, Black evidence. Introduction 7 looking at the scene Topic 2: Goingof Big the crime? Holes, No Math
Starting out… Just starting out… A size we know: The nose in front of your face (well… someone’s face) 10 centimeters, or 0. 1 meters, or 10 -1 meters. About 3 inches Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 8
Look from father away. . . Moving out, but still staying at sizes we know and love 1 meter (or about 3 feet) Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 9
Bigger still… The Statue of Liberty in New York 10 meters (or about 30 feet) Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 10
Keep going… Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math 100 meters or about a football field, or 102 meters Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 11
Starting to get out there… Manhattan and the Hudson river 1 kilometer or 103 meters Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 12
Even bigger… use an airplane • Can see the grid structure of Manhattan • Important to the story? Yes! Can tell us a LOT about how New York City was constructed! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 10 kilometers or 104 meters 13
Go to Drawings • Manhattan • Statue of Liberty • Atlantic ocean 100 kilometers or 105 meters Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 14
Yet bigger… • The eastern coast of the U. S. • If we looked at photos we would see no evidence of human life except for lights at night Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 1000 km or 106 meters (1 Megameter) 15
The Earth from Space Now we can see most of the Earth, but we can’t see the streets 107 meters! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 16
More Earth The Earth is a ball (sphere) in space 108 meters! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 17
More Drawings Orbit of the Moon (27. 3 days) The Earth 109 meters, a billion meters (a gigameter), a million miles Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 18
The Earth orbiting the Sun • The Earth on its trajectory around the sun • The Moon going around the Earth 1010 meters! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 19
Earth around the Sun • Orbit of the Earth – Yellow circle is the Moon’s orbit • Orbit of Venus 1011 meters! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 20
The Inner Planets • Mars, Earth, Venus and Mercury orbiting the Sun • All the planets move in the same direction (counterclockwise in this picture) • A clue that something important is/was going on? Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math 1012 meters! ~A billion miles! Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 21
The Outer Planets • Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune • Again all move in the same direction! • Look from the side: All move in the same plane! Another clue? Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 22 1013 meters!
Aside on why Pluto isn’t a planet Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 23
The Whole Solar System • Mostly empty space, but some stuff • Typically only 1 hydrogen atom per cubic centimeter (size of a standard die) • There is other stuff we’ll talk about like cosmic background radiation and dark matter Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 1014 meters! 24
Mostly Empty Space • More interstellar space • The small circle is the orbit of Pluto Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 1015 meters! ~trillion miles 25
More Empty Space On this scale the solar system is a tiny dot Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 1016 meters! 26
The Nearest Stars • Alpha Centauri A, Alpha Centauri B and Proxima Centauri • Proxima Centauri is the closest at 4. 0 x 1016 meters from the sun • Same as 4. 2 lightyears away – (it takes light 4. 2 years to get there) – 1 light-year is about 25 trillion miles 1017 meters! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 27
The Brightest Stars in Our Sky • Only the brightest stars are shown • Almost 2000 in reality 1018 meters! ~Quadrillion miles Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 28
Next Round… • Again, only the brightest • ~2 million total in this space 1019 meters! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 29
The Milky Way So many stars that they appear to be “clouds” of stars Much of the space between stars contains “Dark Matter” we can’t see directly – About 5 times more mass in Dark Matter than the stars Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math 1020 meters!30 Introduction Topic 2: Going Big
Our Galaxy • Central Bulge • Spiral arms • The sun is in one of the spiral arms, ~1/3 of the way inward from edge of the disk towards the center Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 1021 meters! ~Quintillion Miles 31
Two Different Views of our Galaxy Looking down at the center Looking at it from the side 50 tim es w ider th an tall ! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Very flat… like our Solar system. Outer stars rotating the same direction… like our solar system Could the galaxy and the solar system have something in common? Introduction 32 Created in similar ways? Topic 2: Going Big
Looking at the “Mass” in the Galaxy • In the previous picture, we showed the location of the stars • There is a LOT more mass in the dark matter than in the stars – More on dark matter in Chapter 6 – Shown here in blue, but we can’t see it with our eyes Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 33
Our Neighbor Galaxies • There are dwarf galaxies just outside our own • Didn’t even know there were other galaxies until the 1920’s 1022 meters! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 34
The Full Size Neighbors • Many galaxies nearby • Galaxies are often found in “clusters” – Can be just a few, up to thousands Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 1023 meters! 35
The Local Group • Our galaxy (the Milky Way) is part of a cluster of galaxies called the “Local Group” • These distant galaxies are moving away from us VERY quickly – Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math 1024 meters! ~Sextillion miles Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 36
Our “Observable” Universe Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math • 1011 galaxies (about the same number of stars in our galaxy) • We’re on the fringe of a very large cluster of galaxies called the “Local Supercluster” • Don’t know the true shape and size of the universe so we can’t go any further 25 meters or 10 Introduction 37 22 miles across Topic 2: Going Big 10
Lecture on Chapter 2 now complete Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 38
Prep For Next Time – L 2 No laptops or cellphones If you just joined the class, welcome. Send me an email if you need an extension. All this is posted in the lecture notes!! • Reading: – BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4): Was due already – Recommended Reading (not required): BHOT: Chap. 1 -3, SHU: Chap. 1 -2, TOE: Chap. 1 • e. Campus Stuff – Read e. Campus Instructions on the main course page: Was due already • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. pdf – Warm-up Quizzes Part I, Quiz 1, 2 and AMS I: Was due already – Warm-up Quizzes Part II, Quiz 1 -6: Due before next class – Warm-up Quizzes Part III, single Quiz: Due the class after that – Extensions granted if needed. 109 Quiz. Help@Physics. tamu. edu – If you need additional attempts, follow the instructions or fill out the worksheet • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Requesting. Attempts. Worksheet. xlsx • How to get to your old submission information http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. pdf#page=4 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions: – Read Instructions on the main course page: Was due already • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/PLRQ_Guidelines. pdf – Unit 1 Quiz parts A & B: Was due before class • Will open after you finish Warmups Parts 1 -3. Two parts A & B. Not yet assigned • End-of-Chapter Quizzes: – If we finished Chapter 2 then End-of-Chapter quiz 2 (else just above) • Honors Section: – Start working on Stage 0. Need to hear from you at least once every 7 days • Other Prep – Make sure you are receiving email using the Official A&M email, will use it for class announcements – Make sure you are able to take notes without a phone or laptop/tablet Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 39
Prep For Next Time – L 2 No laptops or cellphones If you just joined the class, welcome. Send me an email if you need an extension. All this is posted in the lecture notes!! • Reading: – BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4): Was due already – Recommended Reading (not required): BHOT: Chap. 1 -3, SHU: Chap. 1 -2, TOE: Chap. 1 • e. Campus Stuff – Read e. Campus Instructions on the main course page: Was due already • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. pdf – Warm-up Quizzes Part I, Quiz 1, 2 and AMS I: Was due already – Warm-up Quizzes Part II, Quiz 1 -6: Due before next class – Warm-up Quizzes Part III, single Quiz: Due the class after that – Extensions granted if needed. 109 Quiz. Help@Physics. tamu. edu – If you need additional attempts, follow the instructions or fill out the worksheet • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Requesting. Attempts. Worksheet. xlsx • How to get to your old submission information http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. pdf#page=4 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions: – Read Instructions on the main course page: Was due already • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/PLRQ_Guidelines. pdf – Unit 1 Quiz parts A & B: Was due before class • Will open after you finish Warmups Parts 1 -3. Two parts A & B. Not yet assigned • End-of-Chapter Quizzes: – Not yet assigned • Honors Section: – Start working on Stage 0. Need to hear from you at least once every 7 days • Other Prep – Make sure you are receiving email using the Official A&M email, will use it for class announcements – Make sure you are able to take notes without a phone or laptop/tablet Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 40
Prep For Next Time – L 3 If you just joined the class, welcome. Send me an email if you need an extension. All this is posted in the lecture notes!! • Reading: – BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4): Was due already – Recommended Reading (not required): BHOT: Chap. 1 -3, SHU: Chap. 1 -2, TOE: Chap. 1 • e. Campus Stuff – (Warm-up Quizzes Part I, Quiz 1, 2 and AMS I: Was due already) – (Warm-up Quizzes Part II, Quiz 1 -6: Was due already) – Warm-up Quizzes Part III, single Quiz: Due before next class – Extensions granted if needed. 109 Quiz. Help@Physics. tamu. edu – If you need additional attempts, follow the instructions or fill out the worksheet • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Requesting. Attempts. Worksheet. xlsx • How to get to your old submission information http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. pdf#page=4 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions: – Unit 1 Quizzes: • Will open after you finish Warmups Parts 1 -3. Two parts A & B. Not yet assigned • End-of-Chapter Quizzes: – If we finished Chapter 2 then End-of-Chapter quizzes 1 & 2 (else just above) • Honors Section: – Start working on Stage 0. Need to hear from you at least once every 7 days Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 41
Prep For Next Time – L 3 If you just joined the class, welcome. Send me an email if you need an extension. All this is posted in the lecture notes!! • Reading: – BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4): Was due already – Recommended Reading (not required): BHOT: Chap. 1 -3, SHU: Chap. 1 -2, TOE: Chap. 1 • e. Campus Stuff – (Warm-up Quizzes Part I, Quiz 1, 2 and AMS I: Was due already) – (Warm-up Quizzes Part II, Quiz 1 -6: Was due already) – Warm-up Quizzes Part III, single Quiz: Due before next class – Extensions granted if needed. 109 Quiz. Help@Physics. tamu. edu – If you need additional attempts, follow the instructions or fill out the worksheet • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Requesting. Attempts. Worksheet. xlsx • How to get to your old submission information http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. pdf#page=4 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions: – Unit 1 Quizzes: • Will open after you finish Warmups Parts 1 -3. Two parts A & B. Not yet assigned • End-of-Chapter Quizzes: – End-of-Chapter quizzes 1 & 2: Due before next class • Honors Section: – Start working on Stage 0. Need to hear from you at least once every 7 days Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 42
Prep For Next Time – L 4 No one in back 2 rows and no laptops or cellphones Send email if you need help/an extension. All this is in the lecture notes!! • Reading: – (BBBHNM Unit 1/Chapters 1 -4) • e. Campus Stuff – (Warm-up Quizzes Part I, Quiz 1, 2 and AMS I) – (Warm-up Quizzes Part II, Quiz 1 -5) • Optional help quizzes available – Warm-up Quiz Part III: Due before next class • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions: – (Unit 1 Quiz parts A & B) • End-of-Chapter Quizzes: – If we finished Chapter 2 then End-of-chapter quizzes 1 and 2 (else just above) – Folder doesn’t open until you are done with Parts 1 -3 of Warmup and PLRQ Unit 1 • Honors Section: – Be working on Stage 0, send your weekly email Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 43
Useful Links • Course Website http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109 • Course Organization http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Course. Organization. pdf • Class Schedule http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Class. Schedule. pdf • e. Campus Instructions http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/ECampus_Quiz_Instructions_and_Help. pdf • PLRQ Instructions http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/PLRQ_Guidelines. pdf • Lecture Notes http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Lectures/ • Papers and Peerceptiv http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Writing. Assignments/Papers_and_Peerceptiv. pdf • FAQ Page http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109 FAQ. shtml Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 44
Full Set of Readings So Far • Required: BBBHNM: Chap 1 -4 • Recommended: – BHOT: Chap. 1 -3 – SHU: Chap. 1 -2 – TOE: Chap. 1 Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 45
Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 46
i. Clicker Quiz Question Q: I give 8 students a string with a rock around it and ask them to swing it around their head in a circle. The string is what keeps the rock moving in a circle. How many, would you guess, are swinging clockwise and how many are swinging counterclockwise? a) Exactly 4 going clockwise, and exactly 4 going counterclockwise to balance it out b) Exactly 5 going one way and 3 going the other way (it’s NEVER exactly half and half) c) About half one way, and the rest the other way (it should be random) d) Should all be moving in the same direction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 47
i. Clicker Question I’m watching cars go by on University Ave, and see 4 cars in a row go by in same direction. What should I predict about the next four that go by? a) The next four will definitely be going the same way b) There is a decent chance the next four will be going the same way c) The next four are most likely to have some of them going in one way and some in the other d) The next four will probably be going the other way e) The next four will definitely be going the other way to balance things out Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 48
i. Clicker Quiz Question Q: The four inner planets all move in the same direction. Based on this, what would you predict for the direction of the outer planets? a) Half one way, half the other (it should be random) b) 3 going with the inner planets and 1 the other way (it should be random, but there is no reason it should be half and half) c) 1 going with the inner planets and 3 the other way (it should be random, but there is no reason it should be half and half) d) Should all be moving in the same direction as the inner four e) Should all be moving in the opposite direction as the Introduction Big Bang, Black 49 inner four to balance things out Topic 2: Going Big Holes, No Math
Prep for Lecture 2 Pop Quiz The in-class quiz at the beginning of the next class on will contain at least two of the following questions: • Why are you taking this class? • What do you most want to learn about? – Be prepared to answer these two honestly (there are no right answers, and don’t tell me what you think I want to hear) Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 50
Summary http: //bigbang. physics. tamu. edu/Figures/Stolen. Animations/Going. Big. wmv Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 51
i. Clicker Question Q: True or False: The supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy will suck in the rest of the galaxy a) True b) False Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 52
i. Clicker Question Q: What would be good evidence for or against the claim that 'the Earth will be sucked into the Sun someday soon'? a) Haven't been sucked in yet. b) The gravitational force from the Sun is decreasing since the Sun is losing mass. c) The Earth is moving quickly enough away from the Sun which balances out the gravitational attraction. d) The Earth is slowing down, since all things that move, slow down over time Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 53
i. Clicker Question Is this a good PLRQ question: Could there be other quarks we haven’t discovered yet? a) Yes b) No c) No, but we could fix it easily Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 54
i. Clicker Question Is this a good PLRQ question: How many quarks are there? a) Yes b) No c) No, but we could fix it easily Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 55
i. Clicker Question Is this a good PLRQ question: How does the universe exist? a) Yes b) No c) No, but we could fix it easily Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 56
i. Clicker Question Is this a good PLRQ question: Is there anything smaller than an atom? a) Yes b) No c) No, but we could fix it easily Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 57
Two part, In-Class 5 Minute Quiz 1. Take out a sheet of paper and label it with Your name, Email address and UIN Answer the following questions: 1. What do you most want to learn about in this class? 2. Are you taking ASTR/PHYS 119? Why or why not? 3. What was the prep work for today? 4. Are you using 109 for your Life and Physical Science requirement? There are no right answers for the first two questions, so please be BRUTALLY honest 2. Take out your clicker and Choose “E” Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big 58
Frequently Asked Question Page • Can be found on the main course page • http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109 FAQ. shtml • Central place to get answers to the questions to the e. Campus quiz questions • In general, you should check there if you have a question about the course or assignments before emailing – Don’t want to highlight to your professor you haven’t looked there first when you email Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 59
Regular and Honors Sections • Regular sections – ASTR 109 -501 – PHYS 109 -501 • Honors sections – ASTR 109 -200 – PHYS 109 -200 There is no difference between the Physics and Astronomy sections (All meet together) Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 60
Honors Sections • There is no difference between the Physics and Astronomy Honors sections (All meet together) • Students in the honors section will have an extra research paper – See Course Web. Page • You should have gotten an email from me already. Please respond if you haven’t done so. • Want to be in the honors section but couldn’t get in? In the honors section but want to get out? Let me know and Introduction Big Bang, 61 we’ll. Black fix it Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
Lab – ASTR/PHYS 119 • You are not required to take the Lab for this course • Useful if you want to use this course for 1 credit hour of Life and Physical Science requirement, or just want to learn more/get more in-depth • Two different sections, pick one – Tuesday: 12: 45 PM-2: 45 PM – Wednesday: 12: 40 PM-2: 40 PM • First meeting 2 nd week of class • You need to read the lab Manual and web instructions (and do the prep work) BEFORE lab Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 62
In-Class Quizzes There will frequently be in-class quizzes • Most will be done with an i. Clicker – Can buy the old ones – Register with your UIN at http: //www. iclicker. com/support/regi steryourclicker/ (we will be using e. Campus) • We will some times do written answers – Bring a sheet of lined paper and a pen everyday Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 63
e. Campus Quizzes • • There are free warm-up quizzes before the End-of-Chapter quizzes – Need a 100% on most of them (don’t worry… most are easy if you read the FAQ) – In the “Quizzes” folder, then go to “Required Warm-ups and PLRQ Practice” There will be a course pre-test called AMS (Astronomy Misconception Survey) AFTER you finish some of the warm-ups – Please do your best. Won’t count as part of your grade. We just want to know what you know coming into the course After these are done you will get a set of PLRQ Practice quizzes – In a sub-folder called “PLRQ Boot camp” – Also need a perfect score When these are done you will be able to get to the End-of-Chapter Quizzes – First one is Chapter 2 (no Chapter 1 quiz) – EOC quizzed due AFTER we finish the chapter in lecture Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 64
Perfect Quizzes Bad news: • To pass the course you need to get a perfect score on all of them Good news: • You can take as many attempts as you want until you get a perfect score • I will only count your best score I REALLY want you to learn and get good grades! There will be many assignments with this rule, but not all of them (e. g. AMS) Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 65
e. Campus Warm-up Assignments • You get unlimited attempts, but if you use more then 5 you will have to request more attempts • To request more attempts follow the instructions at http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/ toback/109 FAQ. shtml#Wa rmup. Help Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 66
Example Warmup Help Email to 109 help@physics. tamu. edu Hello, I’ve run out of attempts of Requirements Quiz 2, and would like to request more. Here is the question I’m struggling with Question 7 "Which assignments require you to get all the parts exactly correct in order to get a passing score? (select all that apply). Hint: Some assignments require you to get all the parts exactly correct to get a Passing grade. Some assignments require you to get a minimum score (<100%) in order to get a Passing grade. While it's true that when you get a Pass for an assignment we will give 100% of the *points*, but that isn't the same as getting all the parts of the assignment exactly correct. " – Warm-up and requirements quizzes - Yes. All of these require getting every question correct. – An End Of Chapter Quiz for every chapter (except Chapter 1) - Yes. All of these require getting every question correct. – PLRQ Boot Camp quizzes - Yes. All of these require getting every question correct. – PLRQ Unit 1 assignment in CPR - No. While it's true we have to pass this assignment, we don't have to get all the parts exactly correct. – Paper 1 assignment in CPR - No. This isn't pass/fail. We don't need to get it perfect. – Astronomy Misconception Survey (AMS) - No. This isn't pass/fail. We don't need to get it perfect. Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 67
Pre-Lecture Reading Questions • It is important to learn how to ask good science questions, and to be well prepared for Lecture • For these reasons we will have a number of PLRQ Assignments • Work will be done online – Will have an e. Campus component and a Calibrated Peer Review (CPR) component • More on CPR later – Assignments for each Unit of the reading • There is a set of guidelines on what we are looking for on the websites – You will be responsible for reading instructions before next class • First assignment is Boot. Camp quizzes in e. Campus (after Warmups) Big 68 • Bang, First Black PLRQ assignment. Introduction in CPR is Pass/Revise Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
Getting Help/Additional Attempts for Boot Camp Quizzes • • Send an email at 109 help@physics. tamu. edu. Include the following: – The name of the quiz you are having trouble with – The full text of the question you are struggling with – The Yes/No answers you put for each of the 5 rubrics questions (separately), and a sentence on WHY you picked each. A single line for each rubric question is helpful. – The feedback from e. Campus itself that the quiz gives you when it tells you go didn't get the question right. You can find that under 'My Grades'. Look for the quiz and click on it. Then click on the score (number). The attempt result will open and show all the information, including your answers and feedback. With that information we can usually figure out what is causing you to struggle (and will usually just give you two more attempts). Then again, maybe you are correct and we need to fix it in e. Campus! If that's the case, we'll give you extra credit! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 69
Example Request for Additional PLRQ Attempts Email to 109 help@physics. tamu. edu • PLRQ Quiz - Hard "Are cosmological principles and religion totally incompatible, or is it possible to integrate the two? " #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 - Yes, they have read the material No, it is not exactly relevant to the topic at hand Yes, the question is clear Yes, reflects critical thinking Yes, it asks for info beyond the reading Response Feedback: This question has some parts which make it hard to assess. It clearly is about the reading (specifically the part about the cosmology), and it's clearly stated (we can understand what it is asking). It certainly is interesting (many people buy lots of books about the topic), but it's not clear it is an interesting *science* question. Even though it is borderline, we decide to be generous and give a Yes for Rubric 4. Rubric 5, on the other hand, concerns whether the question is asking about "science beyond what is in the reading. " This is not asking about the science beyond the reading. Rather it is about the compatibility between cosmology and religion. We give it a No for Rubric 5. Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 70
End-of-Chapter Quizzes in e. Campus • There are End-of-Chapter quizzes for each chapter – Helps ensure you have a good knowledge of some of the important FACTS for each chapter – Will be done online, using e. Campus – Are assigned AFTER we finish the chapter in lecture, and due before the next lecture – If you need more attempts, follow the instructions on the FAQ Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 71
Requirements to Pass the Course • Some things need to be turned in to pass the course – All the stages for each paper – All the End-Of-Chapter quizzes • Some things MUST get a passing grade to pass the course – All End-Of-Chapter quizzes and Pre-Lecture Reading Questions for Unit 1 in CPR • Some things in the course are Pass/Revise the first time, but are for a grade after that – Unit 1 PLRQ • Note: you are allowed (but not encouraged) to get a zero on the later PLRQ assignments Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 72
Just for Fun… • We have created a “just for fun” Facebook account for students (past, present and future) who want to stay in touch with the course • Learning about the Big Bang and Black Holes Without the Math • It’s not part of the course, but I try to post fun, related things there periodically – If you send me something fun (and appropriate) I’ll post it for everyone – If you send me something fun, but inappropriate, I’ll say thank you and just enjoy privately • Also, lots of fun stuff on http: //people. physics. tamu. edu/toback/109/Video/ Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big 73
Typical Order of Things to Do! • Things will be a little different for the first week, but here is the general picture Read Chapters for the whole Unit Write PLRQ Questions and Submit to CPR (stage 1) before due date After Stage 1 due date, do Stage 2 of CPR for PLRQ Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Go to Lecture, take in-class Clicker quizzes and actively participate After we finish a chapter in Lecture, do the End-of. Chapter Quiz in e. Campus Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 74
Plan for Each Chapter Example for Chapter 2: • Before Lecture: – Read Chapters 1 -4 in BBBHNM (Unit 1) – Do Stage 1 of PLRQ in CPR for Unit 1 (submit 4 questions) • Don’t do yet… Want you to get good in e. Campus first • During Lecture – Listen & Ask Questions – Take clicker and other quizzes • After Lecture – Finish Stage 2 of CPR for PLRQ for Unit 1 • Will be due before the following class – If we finish Chapter 2, then take End-of-Chapter quiz 2 in e. Campus Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 75
Typical Order of Things to Do! • Things will be a little different for the first week, but here is the general picture • Read Chapters for the whole Unit • Write PLRQ Questions and Submit to CPR (stage 1) before due date • After Stage 1 due date: do Stage 2 of CPR for PLRQ Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math • Go to Lecture, take in-class Clicker quizzes and actively participate • After we finish a chapter in Lecture, do the End-of. Chapter Quiz in e. Campus Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 76
Requirements to Pass the Course • Some things need to be turned in to pass the course – All the stages for each Paper Assignment (in CPR) – All the End-Of-Chapter quizzes – All PLRQ prep quizzes in e. Campus – Pre-Lecture Reading Question Assignment for Unit 1 in CPR • Some things MUST get a passing grade to pass the course – All e. Campus quizzes – Pre-Lecture Reading Questions for Unit 1 in CPR • Some things in the course are pass/fail the first time, but are for a grade after that – Unit 1 PLRQ in CPR • Note: you are allowed (but not encouraged) to get a zero on the later PLRQ assignments Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 77
Lab – ASTR/PHYS 119 • You are not required to take the Lab for this course • Useful if you want a 4 th credit hour of “"Life and Physical Sciences” requirement credit • Or maybe you just want to learn more? Get more in-depth • Meets on Tuesday: 12: 45 PM-2: 45 PM – First meeting 2 nd week of class – You need to read the lab Manual and web instructions (and do the prep work) BEFORE lab Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big 78
e. Campus Quizzes • • There are free warm-up quizzes before the End-of-Chapter quizzes – Need a 100% on most of them (don’t worry… most are easy if you read the FAQ) – In the “Quizzes” folder, then go to “Required Warm-ups and PLRQ Practice” There will be a course pre-test called AMS (Astronomy Misconception Survey) AFTER you finish some of the warm-ups – Please do your best. Won’t count as part of your grade. We just want to know what you know coming into the course After these are done you will get a set of PLRQ Practice quizzes – In a sub-folder called “PLRQ Boot camp” – Also need a perfect score When these are done you will be able to get to the End-of-Chapter Quizzes – First one is Chapter 2 (no Chapter 1 quiz) – EOC quizzed due AFTER we finish the chapter in lecture Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 79
Pre-Lecture Reading Questions • It is important to learn how to ask good science questions, and to be well prepared for Lecture • For these reasons we will have a number of PLRQ Assignments • Work will be done online – Will have an e. Campus component and a Calibrated Peer Review (CPR) component • More on CPR later – Assignments for each Unit of the reading • There is a set of guidelines on what we are looking for on the websites – You will be responsible for reading instructions before next class • First assignment is Boot. Camp quizzes in e. Campus (after Warmups) Introduction Big 80 • Bang, First. Black PLRQ assignment in CPR is Pass/Revise Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
Getting Help/Additional Attempts for Boot Camp Quizzes • • Send an email at 109 help@physics. tamu. edu. Include the following: – The name of the quiz you are having trouble with – The full text of the question you are struggling with – The Yes/No answers you put for each of the 5 rubrics questions (separately), and a sentence on WHY you picked each. A single line for each rubric question is helpful. – The feedback from e. Campus itself that the quiz gives you when it tells you go didn't get the question right. You can find that under 'My Grades'. Look for the quiz and click on it. Then click on the score (number). The attempt result will open and show all the information, including your answers and feedback. With that information we can usually figure out what is causing you to struggle (and will usually just give you two more attempts). Then again, maybe you are correct and we need to fix it in e. Campus! If that's the case, we'll give you extra credit! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 81
Example Request for Additional PLRQ Attempts Email to 109 help@physics. tamu. edu • PLRQ Quiz - Hard "Are cosmological principles and religion totally incompatible, or is it possible to integrate the two? " #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 - Yes, they have read the material No, it is not exactly relevant to the topic at hand Yes, the question is clear Yes, reflects critical thinking Yes, it asks for info beyond the reading Response Feedback: This question has some parts which make it hard to assess. It clearly is about the reading (specifically the part about the cosmology), and it's clearly stated (we can understand what it is asking). It certainly is interesting (many people buy lots of books about the topic), but it's not clear it is an interesting *science* question. Even though it is borderline, we decide to be generous and give a Yes for Rubric 4. Rubric 5, on the other hand, concerns whether the question is asking about "science beyond what is in the reading. " This is not asking about the science beyond the reading. Rather it is about the compatibility between cosmology and religion. We give it a No for Rubric 5. Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 82
End-of-Chapter Quizzes in e. Campus • There are End-of-Chapter quizzes for each chapter – Helps ensure you have a good knowledge of some of the important FACTS for each chapter – Will be done online, using e. Campus – Are assigned AFTER we finish the chapter in lecture, and due before the next lecture – If you need more attempts, follow the instructions on the FAQ Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 83
Review: Plan for Each Chapter Example for Next Time • Before Lecture: – Read Chapters 1 -4 in BBBHNM (Unit 1) – Type up FOUR questions for Unit 1 and save on a computer • Will give more instructions on how to submit CPR next time. Won’t need them IN class so just hold on to them for now – Do all the warm-up e. Campus quizzes, Start Boot. Camp quizzes • During Lecture – Listen & Ask Questions – Take i. Clicker and other quizzes – Listen for More CPR/PLRQ Instructions • After Lecture – If we finish Chapter 2, then take End-of-Chapter quiz 2 in e. Campus – PLRQ for Unit 1 in CPR Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 84
First CPR Assignment: PLRQ for Unit 1 in Calibrated Peer Review (CPR) Will announce due dates soon Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 85
Pre-Lecture Reading Questions in CPR • The full PLRQ Assignments will be done online using the Calibrated Peer Review (CPR) system – Will be doing a full Unit at a time – Each assignment has 2 stages (more on in the next slide) – The quizzes in e. Campus are about practicing before you start on the CPR system Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 86
Learning to Write and Critique • Each CPR Assignment has two parts (Call them Stage 1 and Stage 2) 1. You do your own writing and submit 2. You review and evaluate other papers (and your own) • Why? – Learn how to determine the difference between excellence and mediocrity (according to the class standard), and give feedback (evaluate) papers to make them better – Learn to better evaluate your own work to make it excellent BEFORE you turn it in • Want you to get good at writing and being able to tell you Black have written excellently before we get to the 87 Introduction Big if Bang, main. Nopaper this class Topicfor 2: Going Big Holes, Math assignments
The “I hate CPR Club” • Most students HATE CPR until they get good at it • Many reasons: – Takes practice to get good at the system – Learning how to both be a good writer and be a good evaluator is really difficult (and incredibly important) skill – Takes practice – We require you follow the instructions – You need to learn the standards we will be using in the class, not your own, personal standards • My advice: Don’t fight the system, blame it for being “unfair”, or wish it were “better. ” Just do what it takes to get good at it • Don’t hesitate to ask for help (instructions in the FAQ) • If you are grumbling and neither I nor the TA have heard from you to talk to you about it, then you get what you deserve – Don’t pretend this is a way to get free grading by the Introduction Big Bang, Black 88 instructor… You’ll be wrong and it will just piss you off Topic 2: Going Big Holes, No Math
Stage I and Stage II in CPR Stage I: (Typically due before the first class of the Unit) – Write 4 questions and turn them into CPR (online) – Make sure to use HTML formatting (do a Preview to check) – Use the <p> or <BR> lines after your paragraph or question. Stage II: (Typically due before the following lecture) • Three-Parts 1. Calibrations (learning to use the Rubrics) – Read an example submission and use the grading rubric to answer Yes/No questions and count the fraction of Yeses to assign a score. Evaluate three example submissions (get only one free try to pass the grading rubric) – You will have practiced these in e. Campus for the first assignment 2. Reviews (Evaluate three other submitted submissions) – Ignore that it says you have only 5 minutes for this. I have set it so you can start the reviews right after you finish your calibrations 3. Self-Assessment (Evaluate your own submission) Note: You. Black get a separate score. Introduction for each of the 4 parts (text, calibrations, Big Bang, 89 Reviews and Self-Assessment) Topic 2: Going Big Holes, No Math
Help Available for Stage I • Now that you have practiced with the Boot Camp, you can revise your questions • If you want, you can submit a draft for feedback from the TA – Submit on e. Campus in “Rough Drafts (Optional)” • We also recommend going to the Writing Center – This is especially true for when we get to the papers • Most common problems: – Not reading the instructions – Not using HTML formatting (do a Preview before submitting) Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 90
Help Available for Stage II • Stage II help: – Each calibration is graded 0 or 100%. – You only get 2 tries for each of the 3 calibrations – Many students have trouble with the calibrations because they do them RIGHT before they are due, and do them too quickly (and then fail them) • Our advice: – Do them early and ask for help if you fail one the first time – Practice in e. Campus quizzes to help you get good at them Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 91
Unit 1 and Later Units PLRQ Unit 1 in CPR is different than the others since we want to make sure you get good at CPR • It is Pass/Revise • You must pass ALL four parts separately, just a 70% overall score is NOT good enough. You will need: – >70% on the overall score – >35/50 on the text portion of your paper – >14/20 on the calibration portion – >14/20 on the reviews – >7/10 on the self-assessment – Have done the proper HTML formatting in your submission • I’ll post the grades in e. Campus • If you don’t pass the first time, you will have to do a Revision Assignment (all the parts) until you pass • Later units are just your combined score for all parts – You can do a revision if you want to get a better grade Introduction Big Bang, 92 – We. Black will average the two scores Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
PLRQ For Unit 1/CPR • We will assign PLRQ for Unit 1 in CPR at the end of the 3 rd class • Nothing to do now • You CAN’T do your account stuff until we load the class into CPR Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 93
Prep For Next Time – L 3 • Reading: (Already due) – Required: BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4) – Recommended Reading: • BHOT: Chap. 1 -3 • SHU: Chap. 1 -2 • TOE: Chap. 1 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions (some were due already) – CPR/PLRQ quizzes in e. Campus – Stage 1 in CPR (enter your 4 questions) • Remember to use HTML formatting • Due Monday Feb 2, BEFORE class (won’t usually give 1 week) • Stage 2 will be due before class on Wednesday, Feb 4 • End-of-Chapter Quizzes – If we finished Chapter 2 then end-of-chapter quiz 2 • Papers – None assigned Big Bang, Black – First one will be assigned Introduction when we do Chapter 6 94 Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
Prep For Today (is now due) – L 3 • Reading (should already have been completed) – Required: BBBHNM: Chapter 1 -4 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions (PLRQ) – All 6 PLRQ quizzes in e. Campus – 4 written questions to be turned into CPR (due Monday) – Stage 1 • End-of-Chapter Quizzes – None (haven’t finished Chapter 2) • Papers – None assigned – First one will be assigned when we do Chapter 6 Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 95
Prep For Today (is now due) – L 4 • Reading (should already have been completed) – Required: BBBHNM: Chapter 1 -4 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions (PLRQ) – All 6 PLRQ quizzes in e. Campus – CPR Stage 1 • End-of-Chapter Quizzes – None (haven’t finished Chapter 2) • Papers – None assigned – First one will be assigned when we do Chapter 6 Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 96
Prep For Today (is now due) – L 3 • Reading: – Required: BBBHNM: Chapter 1 -4 – Recommended Reading: • BHOT: Chap. 1 -3 • SHU: Chap. 1 -2 • TOE: Chap. 1 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions (PLRQ) – e. Campus Quizzes 0 -3 – Submit Unit 1, Stage 1 into CPR • End of chapter quizzes – None Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big 97
Prep For Today (is now due) – L 4 • Reading: – Required: BBBHNM: Chapter 1 -4 – Recommended Reading: • BHOT: Chap. 1 -3 • SHU: Chap. 1 -2 • TOE: Chap. 1 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions (PLRQ) – e. Campus PLRQ Quizzes 0 -3 (were due Monday) – Unit 1, Stage 2 in CPR • End of chapter quizzes – None Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 98
Prep For Today (is now due) – L 3 • Reading: – Required: BBBHNM Unit 1 (1 -4) – Recommended Reading: • BHOT: Chap. 1 -3 • SHU: Chap. 1 -2 • TOE: Chap. 1 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions – Unit 1 submitted into CPR • e. Campus Quizzes – Warm-up quizzes and AMS Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 99
Prep For Today (is now due) – L 4 • Reading: – Required: BBBHNM Unit 1 (1 -4) – Recommended Reading: • BHOT: Chap. 1 -3 • SHU: Chap. 1 -2 • TOE: Chap. 1 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions – Stages 1 and 2 for Unit 1 completed in CPR • e. Campus Quizzes – Warm-up quizzes and AMS Introduction Big Bang, Black 100 Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
Prep For Next Time – L 3 • Reading: (If you haven’t already) – Required: BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4) – Recommended Reading: • BHOT: Chap. 1 -3 • SHU: Chap. 1 -2 • TOE: Chap. 1 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions – Do PLRQ Tests 0 -3 (practice) in e. Campus – Unit 1, Stage 2 due before class on Wednesday • End-of-Chapter Quizzes – If we finished Chapter 2 then end-of-chapter quiz 2 (else just above) Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 101
Prep For Next Time – L 3 • Reading: (Was due already) – Required: BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4) – Recommended Reading: • BHOT: Chap. 1 -3 • SHU: Chap. 1 -2 • TOE: Chap. 1 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions – PLRQ Boot Camp quizzes (were due already) – Stage 1 in CPR (enter your 4 questions), due before class Monday • Remember to use HTML formatting • Stage 2 will be due before class on Wednesday Feb 3 rd • End of Chapter Quizzes – If we finished Chapter 2 then end-of-chapter quiz 2 (else just above) Introduction Big Bang, Black 102 Topic 2: Going Big Holes, No Math
Textbook Notes • Some people are still having trouble getting textbook • Quicker to get it at bookstore, but you can order it directly at http: //bigbang. physics. tamu. edu/ or get it there as an ebook (cheaper) • First four chapters for free download on the website (go to “textbooks”) • A number of students have already gotten extra credit for typos. List of typos at http: //bigbang. physics. tamu. edu/known_textbook_problems. txt – Extra credit for any new ones (email to toback@tamu. edu) Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 103
Prep For Next Time – L 3 • Reading: – Required: BBBHNM Unit 1 (Chapter 1 -4) – Recommended Reading: • BHOT: Chap. 1 -3 • SHU: Chap. 1 -2 • TOE: Chap. 1 • Pre-Lecture Reading Questions – Unit 1, Stage 2 in CPR due before class on Monday • e. Campus Stuff – Complete Warm-up quizzes and AMS (already due) – If we finished Chapter 2 then end-of-chapter 2 (else just above) Introduction Big Bang, quiz Black 104 Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
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Before we begin… • Some organizational stuff for the course • Finally getting to the course – Chapter 2 – The Very Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 106
The Local Group Taken using the Hubble Space Telescope Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math • Our galaxy (the Milky Way) is part of a cluster of galaxies called the “Local Group” • We’re on the fringe of a very large cluster of galaxies called the “Local Supercluster” • These distant galaxies are moving away from us VERY quickly – Big Bang 1023 meters! Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 107
e. Campus Quizzes There a number of quizzes that you will need to take on e. Campus. Each is based on the questions at the end of the chapters Bad news: • To pass the course you need to get a perfect score on all of them Good news: • You can take as many attempts as you want until you get a perfect score • I REALLY want you to learn and get good grades! Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 108
Prep For Next Time – L 2 • Reading: –BBBHNM: Chap 3 • Reading Questions: – Two questions from Chapter 2 or the recommended reading – Turn in on e. Campus BEFORE class • e. Campus Quizzes – Warm-up and AMS – If we finished Chapter 2 then endquiz 2 (else just above) 109 Introduction Big Bang, of-chapter Black Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
Prep For Next Time – L 3 • Reading: –BBBHNM: Chap 3 • Reading Questions: – Two questions from Chapter 3 or the recommended reading – Turn in on e. Campus BEFORE class • e. Campus Quizzes – Warm-up and AMS – If we finished Chapter 2 then endquiz 2 (else just above) 110 Introduction Big Bang, of-chapter Black Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big
PLRQ Questions In-class quiz 1. Will the Universe expand forever? 2. Can you have anti-matter in a proton? 3. Can String Theory be true? 4. Is anti-matter real? Introduction Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Topic 2: Going Big 111
Calibrated Peer Review Info • Get to CPR from my website or e. Campus • Full assignment info on CPR website – Read all the directions carefully • First assignment (Unit 1) ONLY is Pass/Revise – If you do not pass all aspects of the assignment, you will have do the whole assignment again (third try? ) – You will get a 100% score when you pass • You shouldn’t get penalized while you learn • All other assignments just get graded Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 112
PLRQ: Rubric Questions 1 & 2 1) For the first writer-submitted question: Is it obvious that the question write has read the material? Do not choose No due to a simple or basic question. Do not choose No if it appears the writer is struggling with the concepts of the chapter. Choose No if seems that the writer did not read the chapter. Choose No if the writers question is already answered in the chapter. Be careful not to say No if a SIMPLER question is answered in the book. 2) For the first writer-submitted question: Is the question relevant to the reading? If the question is about science or borderline science fiction, that is ok. But if it is not about relevant topics choose No. Choose No if the writers question is already answered in the chapter. Be careful not to say No if a SIMPLER question is answered in the book. Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 113
PLRQ: Rubric Questions 3 -5 3) 4) 5) For the first writer-submitted question: Is the question clear, well phrased, thoughtful and not too speculative? Being well written is not enough. The question must seem sincerely aimed at acquiring new information. Questions like "What would happen if Einstein didn't come up with Relativity" is too speculative to get a Yes. Choose No if the writers question is already answered in the chapter. Be careful not to say No if a SIMPLER question is answered in the book. For the first writer-submitted question: Does the question reflect critical thinking? If it is asking for a fact that might need to be determined by an experiment, then you can give it a Yes. If this is a definition question, or is fact-based question directly answered in the book, then select No. Be careful not to say No if a SIMPLER question is answered in the book. For the first writer-submitted question: Is the question asking for information or clarification about an important point or asking for clarification on an interesting new idea about a relevant topic? Any one is fine, but it does have to be specific. For example, "I don't understand General Relativity, please elaborate" is bad, but "Why is General Relativity needed for GPS to work" is good. Choose No if the writers question is already answered in the chapter. Be careful not to say No if a SIMPLER question is answered in the book. Big Bang, Black Holes, No Math Introduction Topic 2: Going Big 114
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