BHOPAL Industrial Disaster Management Cycle OECD 2004 n
BHOPAL
Industrial Disaster Management Cycle: OECD 2004
n n n What to do? How to do? Is there any way exists?
n Disaster Management Planning both onsite and off-site with following components: A. Risk Assessment & Management B. Emergency Preparedness C. Community Dialogue
Part one n Disaster Impact Assessment n Toxic release, heat fluxes, pressure waves
a) credible worst case - largest tank or worst failure consequence - reasonable duration of release - passive mitigation in effect - credible worst weather b) worst imaginable case - largest tank or worst failure consequence - worst possible duration or release - no mitigation - worst possible weather
Reliability Risk Assessment n Risk Based Maintenance Planning n Risk estimation n n Risk evaluation n Hazard identification Quantitative Hazard Assessment Probabilistic Hazard Assessment Risk Quantification Setting up risk acceptance criteria Risk comparison Maintenance planning
What would be the impacts? What may go wrong? Start How it may go wrong? How likely its occurrence? Hazard identification Probabilistic hazard assessment Quantitative hazard assessment Accident scenario development Fault tree for the envisaged scenario Consequences analysis What maintenance schedule would reduce its likelihood of occurrence? Fault tree development Fault tree analysis Risk estimation Whether risk is in acceptance? Yes End Apply maintenance measures and reevaluate risk No Suggest maintenance measures to control risk
n n On-site Risk Off-site Risk
n n n By putting prevention techniques Through planning By response plans Through mitigation Education and awareness Best practices
ALARP
ALARP means ‘As Low As Reasonable Practicable’ ALARP demonstration means: To demonstrate that the project & associated systems and HSEMS will enable the facility to be operated & maintained safely such that residual risks to HSE are tolerable
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