Benedict Arnold Commander at Ft Ticonderoga and Saratoga
Benedict Arnold Commander at Ft. Ticonderoga and Saratoga • Traitor who passed information about West Point (almost) to the British • Passed the Plans to British Major John Andre • Major Andre caught in Tarrytown and later hanged • Benedict Arnold fled to England
Inn where Major Andre stayed on the day of his capture – Yorktown, NY
Local History! Major Andre Caught!! Patriot’s Park, Tarrytown
A Winter’s Ball 15
• Meet, Introduce, Mingle, Ask questions, record answers and general information • Homework: Make Double Bubble tonight between two of the people you find interesting • Put the name and picture of the people in the bubbles
The Revolution is Over, what kind of Government do the Americans Want? • Come up with ideas for the kind of government that the Americans will set up. • What kind of map? Frame, title, POV, So What, Why • Ideas to consider: – King or other authority figure? Do you need one? – What kind of representation in Congress? How many people? Who picks them? How many? – Taxes? Yes, No, who? – Trade Laws with other states, countries? – Keep colonial (state) governments, central (US) gov’t, both, neither? – Do you need an army, how will you pay them or will they be volunteers? – Who has more power, the states or the central (US) gov’t for all the
The Patriots win the war, “What’s Next? ” Peace Treaty (Agreement between countries) – Treaty of Paris 1783 A) Britain accepts US independence B) What do countries win in war? Treaty increases the size (land) of U. S. 1. From Canada to Florida 2. And from Atlantic coast to Mississippi River 3. Britain kept Canada 4. Eight (8) years of fighting was over 19
After the War…. • George Washington gives says farewell to his officers • Liberty Kids #38 • • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=E 78 Gyzy. VTC 4 12: 30 -16: 30
Fraunces Tavern, NYC Washington says farewell to his officers
The Revolution is Over, what kind of Government do the Americans Want? • Come up with ideas for the kind of government that the Americans will set up. • What kind of map? Frame, title, POV, So What, Why • Ideas to consider: – King or other authority figure? Do you need one? – What kind of representation in Congress? How many people? Who picks them? How many? – Taxes? Yes, No, who? – Trade Laws with other states, countries? – Keep colonial (state) governments, central (US) gov’t, both, neither? – Do you need an army, how will you pay them or will they be volunteers? – Who has more power, the states or the central (US) gov’t for all the
Brainstorm your ideas for a new government
We won the war, what do we do now? The Colonies become States and set up their own governments 1) States write their own constitutions a) Constitution=plan of government b) Ppl of the state knew what their ppl wanted the best c) Sets limits on power of gov’t d) tells the rights of citizens
We won the war, what do we do now? • Each state government and constitution had to include: • Democracy – government was run by the people • Representation – • Each state government Ppl voted and elected were like teenagers (chose) the ppl to be in making their own rules the state legislature to benefit them! (lawmakers)
We won the war, what do we do now? • Each state government and constitution had to include: • Teenagers have rights • Bill of Rights – Lists the rights and freedoms that belong to the ppl and cannot be taken away – Freedom of worship – Freedom to say and write what you choose – Right to a trial by jury – Right to vote
We won the war, what do we do now? • Not everyone was included in all these rights in the state constitutions • Only men over 21, who owned property could vote – Blacks could not vote – Women could not vote – Poor (had no property) • Women could not be a representative in gov’t • If a single woman owned property she had to give it to husband upon marriage
We won the war, what do we do now? Dad tries to set his rules Whole country needs a central government too = National (Federal) government (DAD) A) National Constitution (set of laws)_ = called: Articles of Confederation (Dad’s rules) 1. Written laws for whole country (All 13 States) 2. Run by a Congress chosen by states (teenagers)
We won the war, what do we do now? Dad makes some rules • Articles of Confederation gave Congress (Federal government - dad) power to: • • Make laws for country Declare war and peace Borrow money Make coins and print paper money • Form alliances and make treaties with other nations
We won the war, what do we do now? Dad couldn’t make all the rules • Articles of Confederation were limiting. Congress COULD NOT: • Don’t want dad to be too powerful (like Mother England) • This causes problems • Congress has to ask States for stuff • Make states obey its laws • Tax ppl – had to ask state for $ it needed • Control trade among states • End arguments between states • No President to enforce laws
Weaknesses of Articles of Confederation
We won the war, what do we do now? Dad’s rules were weak for a reason National government and Articles of Confederation were weak for a reason Ppl were afraid of a strong national (federal) govt like Great Britain 1. Didn’t want gov’t to tell them what to do again 2. Thought the STATES knew best – they should have the most power
Match the following Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation to its outcome (Cause and Effect) (Draw a line) • Congress had no power to enforce its laws • There was no national court system • Congress had no power to collect taxes • Amendments to the Articles required ALL 13 STATES TO AGREE • Congress had no power to regulate interstate or foreign trade • Approval of nine (9) states was needed to enact laws • The government had no executive branch • The gov’t depended on the states to enforce laws • The gov’t was always short on $ • There was no practical way to change laws • Economic arguments among states broke out. Trade with foreign countries was difficult. • No effective way to coordinate all of the 13 states • The gov’t had no way to settle disputes among states • It was difficult to enact laws
We won the war, what do we do now? Check your answers from previous slide • Weaknesses of Articles of Confederation
We won the war, what do we do now? Northwest Ordinance of 1787 (P. 191) • • Set up government in Northwest Territory Guaranteed basic rights to settlers Outlawed Slavery Set up procedure for application to statehood • New states treated the same as original 13
Excuse me – How can I become a state? • Can you find the Northwest Territory? Don’t forget it is only the mid 1780’s. • Was slavery allowed in these territories? NO! First American law to prohibit slavery • Population 60, 000 now what? • Admitted as a new state and be on equal footing as the original states in ALL respects. • This was called the Northwest Ordinance and it established a way for new states to be admitted to union. • Ability to GROW the nation
• An economic depression is a period when business activity slows, prices and wages fall and unemployment rises. • During Revolution there was high demand for farm products • • Farmers borrowed money for land, seed, animals, tools
• After war – soldiers return home and demand for farm goods weaken – farmers cannot repay their loans • Shay’s rebellion – state raises taxes and courts take the farmers land when they can’t repay loans – farmers organize and attack courthouses – state militia sent to put down uprising
We won the war, what do we do now? Dad’s rules get challenged Shays’ Rebellion A) Country was going through a depression B) Farmers could not pay their state taxes and state gov’t took their farms away C) Daniel Shays organized angry farmers to stop judges from taking ppl’s land https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Qw 2 -NV 7 Ay. IE
We won the war, what do we do now? D) State asked Congress (national gov’t) to send troops to help E) Congress had no army to send 1. Articles of Confederation (written law) didn’t allow national gov’t to get soldiers
We won the war, what do we do now? Dad has little power F) Massachusetts militia put down rebellion (4 ppl died) G) Ppl realized the National Gov’t had little power Something had to be done! Articles are too weak!
• Spain does not allow Americans to navigate the Mississippi River • States argue with Spain and federal government doesn’t do anything because of Articles of Confederation _Articles are too weak!
We won the war, what do we do now? Teenagers fight, dad can’t do much Other problems with national gov’t and Articles of Confederation Congress could do nothing about • States quarreled (fought) with one another • States taxed each other unfairly • States printed their own money making it confusing
We won the war, what do we do now? Dad needs a new plan before things get out of hand with the kids Congress (National gov’t) did not have the power to force states to work together Leaders asked states to send representatives to Philadelphia for a meeting to discuss changes to Articles of Confederation
- Slides: 49