Bellwork Thurs Nov 30 2017 How our Genes
Bellwork: Thurs. Nov. 30, 2017
How our Genes Work m t
So… RNA is not exactly like DNA…
Color the Uracil Brown
Messenger RNA (m. RNA) carries copies of instructions for assembling amino acids into proteins. Ribosomes are made up of proteins and ribosomal RNA (r. RNA). During protein synthesis, transfer RNA (t. RNA) transfers each amino acid to the ribosome.
Coding for the Amino Acid Important: ALWAYS READ THE m. RNA!!! m. RNA : from above: A A U – C G G amino acid sequence : ______ - _______ GET THIS FROM THE AMINO ACID CHART:
Stop here for today: 11/28/2017 • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Kzgnl 5 -8 WAk
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• http: //learn. genetics. utah. edu/content/begin/dna/tra nscribe/ • Protein Synthesis Sim
Amino Acids: building blocks of protein. 20 needed to build proteins for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. 11 made by our body. 9 (called essential amino acids) must come from our diet. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Essential amino acids: isoleucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. Another amino acid, histidine, is considered semiessential because the body does not always require dietary sources of it. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Bellwork: Thurs. 1. The purpose of the salt water in the DNA Extraction Experiment was to ________________ 2. The purpose of the detergent in the DNA Extraction Experiment was to ________________ 3. The purpose of the ethyl alcohol in the DNA Extraction Experiment was to ________________ 4. In the video what does one wrong letter cause? __________
Bellwork: D is the Normal karyotype for a species of butterfly. Use the chart and the karyotypes of Butterflies A, B, and C to describe the chromosome error and disorder of each: Butterfly A Butterfly B Butterfly C Chromosome Error Disorder Trisomy of pair 3 Short antennae Duplication on pair 1 Extra wings Deletion on pair 2 Lack of blue pigmentation D Normal Female Butterfly A: Butterfly B: Butterfly C:
Classification of an amino acid as essential or nonessential does not reflect its importance, because all 20 amino acids are necessary for health. Instead, this classification system simply reflects whether or not the body is capable of manufacturing a particular amino acid. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Translation is the decoding of an m. RNA message into a polypeptide chain (protein). Translation takes place on ribosomes. During translation, the cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins. Nucleus m. RNA Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Translation The ribosome binds new t. RNA molecules and amino acids as it moves along the m. RNA. Phenylalanine t. RNA Methionine Ribosome m. RNA Start codon Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall Lysine
Translation Protein Synthesis Lysine t. RNA Translation direction m. RNA Ribosome Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Translation The process continues until the ribosome reaches a stop codon. Polypeptide Ribosome t. RNA m. RNA Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Genes and Proteins Codon DNA Single strand of DNA Codon m. RNA Protein Alanine Arginine Leucine Amino acids within a polypeptide Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
12– 3 The role of a master plan in a building is similar to the role of which molecule? a. messenger RNA b. DNA c. transfer RNA d. ribosomal RNA Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
12– 3 A base that is present in RNA but NOT in DNA is a. thymine. b. uracil. c. cytosine. d. adenine. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
12– 3 The nucleic acid responsible for bringing individual amino acids to the ribosome is a. transfer RNA. b. DNA. c. messenger RNA. d. ribosomal RNA. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
12– 3 A codon typically carries sufficient information to specify a(an) a. single base pair in RNA. b. single amino acid. c. entire protein. d. single base pair in DNA. Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
Chapter 13 RNA & Protein Synthesis Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall
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