BELLWORK TF Reproduction requires 2 parents Some organisms

BELLWORK T/F Reproduction requires 2 parents Some organisms reproduce by cell division New plants can grow from parts of a parent plant such as roots and stems Offspring of 2 parents always look like one of their parents

SEXUAL AND ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION SC. 7. L. 16. 3 Compare and contrast the general processes of sexual reproduction requiring meiosis and asexual reproduction requiring mitosis.

REPRODUCTION Involves various kinds of cell division Lets genetic information be passed on to new organisms

What is asexual reproduction? • In asexual reproduction, one organism produces one or more new organisms that are identical to itself. • Most single-celled organisms and some multicellular organisms reproduce asexually. • Uses mitosis – cells divide and form identical cells

• The organism that produces the new organism is called a parent. • Each new organism is called an offspring. • The offspring produced by asexual reproduction are genetically identical to their parents.

How do organisms reproduce asexually? Organisms reproduce asexually in many ways: • 1. Binary Fission: Prokaryotes, including bacteria, reproduce asexually by cell division. • Every organelle is copied and the cell divides in 2

2. Budding : • occurs when a new organism grows on a parent organism and splits off. • Happens through mitosis in multicellular organisms such as yeasts and hydra

3. Spores is a specialized cell that can survive harsh conditions. • Spores are light and can be carried by the wind. • Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes can form spores

• • • 4. vegetative reproduction: New plants grow from roots, stems or leaves. Runners = above ground stems Tubers = underground stems Vegetative reproduction happens through mitosis.

What are some advantages of Asexual reproduction? • Quick • favorable traits are passed on • Doesn’t need a partner

NAME THE KIND OF ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

Other forms of Reproduction Multicellular organisms can reproduce asexually. • Some do this by parthenogenesis, in which the female produces young without fertilization. • Other organisms reproduce asexually by regeneration. • Other organisms reproduce asexually by fragmentation, in which segments fall off and become new organisms.

What is sexual reproduction? • Most multicellular organisms can reproduce sexually. • In sexual reproduction, two parents each contribute a sex cell to the new organism. • Half the genes in the offspring come from each parent.

What is sexual reproduction? • Males produce sex cells called sperm cells. • Females produce sex cells called eggs. • Sex cells are produced by meiosis.

• Sex cells have half of the set of genetic material found in body cells. • A sperm and an egg join together in a process called fertilization. • When an egg is fertilized by a sperm cell, a new cell, called a zygote, is formed. It has a full set of genetic material. • The zygote develops into a new organism. It grows through mitosis.

What are the advantages of each type of reproduction? • Asexual reproduction • Sexual reproduction • Quick • It increases genetic variation. Offspring have different traits, • favorable traits are passed on • Doesn’t need a partner • improves the chance of survival in changing environment • Some organisms can use both types of reproduction. This allows them to spread quickly, and adapt to changes in the environment as well.

Bellwork: 1. 2. 3. 4. How many parents are involved in sexual reproduction How many parents are involved in asexual reproduction Name the process (mitosis or meiosis) that is used in each type of reproduction identify the type of asexual reproduction taking place in the pictures below

Investigating reproductive strategies lab Read about your assigned organism and describe its characteristics in the data table Rows 1 and 2 switch organisms and rows 3 and 4 switch organisms and complete the table for your second organism When you are finished, answer the analysis and conclusion questions on the back Write both names on the top of the paper and turn in.

BELLWORK: Create a Venn Diagram comparing sexual and asexual reproduction. Use the following words: Identical offspring Produces offspring 2 parents 1 parent Genetic variation Quick Binary fission Meiosis Transmits genetic information from parent to offspring

CELL CYCLE STATIONS: 1 – RTI 2 – microscopes – identify and draw the type of asexual reproduction 3 – Complete mitosis/meiosis review ws and computer review game/quizlet links