Bellwork 1120 Put your phone up Week 1119
Bellwork: 11/20 Put your phone up Week 11/19 -11/21 1. How do we get energy? 2. How do plants get energy? 3. What cell organelle helps with photosynthesis?
Today: 1. Unit IV, pt I & II Notes
Materials • Unit Book
This Week: • Monday: Cell Energy Notes • Tuesday: Internet Safety
Homework • Have a good Thanksgiving
Unit IV: Cell Energy
Part I: Cell Energy
List as many different forms of energy as you can
Can you think of any examples of energy being converted from one form to another
Energy in Living Systems
Energy • Definition: ability to do work • Sources of energy for biological organisms • Food we eat (chemical energy) • Energy from the sun (light energy)
Food Chain!
Organisms Need Energy to Live • Organisms get their energy in two different ways: • Autotrophs: • Organisms that make their own food (Ex. Plants) • Heterotrophs: • Organisms that get food from external environment (Ex. Humans)
Auto or Hetero?
In Ecosystems: • Photosynthesis • Performed by autotrophs • Chemical Reaction: Light Energy + CO 2 + H 20 C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 • Cellular Respiration • Performed by almost all organisms • Chemical Reaction: C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 CO 2 + H 20 + Energy
Compare the chemical reactions for photosynthesis & CR. What do you notice about the 2 reactions?
Cell Energy • All living organisms must be able to produce energy from the environment • Which of the cell processes, that we have talked about, uses energy? (hint, hint diffusion)
Cell Energy • Active Transport!! • Uses energy to transport molecules across the membrane! • Other examples: • Muscles contracting during exercise, heart pumping, brain controlling your entire body, cells making new molecules (new organelles & enzymes), maintaining homeostasis!
ATP • Adenosine Triphosphate ADP • Adenosine Diphosphate
Chemical Energy in Cells • ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) • Most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy to the cell
Structure of ATP • Made of: • Adenine base • Ribose sugar • 3 phosphate groups
Function of ATP • Releases energy when the bond nd between the 2 rd & 3 phosphate is broken • (ATP->ADP)
ATP GY ER EN ADP
Part II: Photosynthesis
What cells use photosynthesis?
Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis: process plants use to trap the sun’s energy & build carbohydrates (glucose) that store energy in the form of ATP • 2 different phases: light-dependent reactions & light-independent reactions
Photosynthesis • Chemical Reaction: CO 2 + H 20 + light C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Reactants Products
Chemical Reaction 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O ➜ C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6 O 2 Glucose Carbon Dioxide Water Oxygen
Where Does Photosynthesis Occur?
Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis occurs in the CHLOROPLASTS!!! • CHLOROPHYLL traps the light energy from the sun
Light-Dependent • Light-Dependent Reactions: convert light energy into chemical energy • Produces ATP • REQUIRES LIGHT
Light-Independent • Light-Independent Reactions: uses ATP to convert CO 2 to glucose • Produces sugar (glucose) • This is called the Calvin Cycle • DOES NOT REQUIRE LIGHT…Dark Reaction
Calvin Cycle • Takes 6 rounds of the Calvin Cycle to form one sugar! • https: //www. youtube. co m/watch? v=uix. A 8 ZXx 0 KU
Answer ? s in Note Guide
- Slides: 35