Bellringer Take out a piece of paper and
Bellringer • Take out a piece of paper and write on the top: “Bellringer, 11/18/11” (this will be page 43) • Answer the following question: – For each of the following events, give a one description of what it was. • • • Estates-General Tennis Court Oath Storming of the Bastille Great Fear March on Versailles/ Bread Riots • BJOTD: What did the dolphin say when it bumped into the whale?
French Revolution, Part II
Where did we leave off? • • Old Regime Estates General National Assembly Tennis Court Oath Storming the Bastille Great Fear March on Versailles
The Rule of the National Assembly • August 1789 -1792 • All three Estates participated in the National Assembly • August 1789: Declaration of the Rights of Man passed – Included many Enlightenment ideas and ideas from the Declaration of Independence like Freedom of Speech, Freedom of Religion – DID NOT apply to women • In June 1791, Louis XVI and his family tried to escape but were recaptured and brought back to Paris to be put in jail
• The National Assembly continued to pass reforms: – Made France a limited monarchy: • The National Assembly was now the Legislative Assembly in France. • 3 factions, or groups, developed in the National Assembly
Factions in the National Assembly Radicals • Sat on the left side of the hall and were called left-wing • Hated the idea of a king and a monarchy • Wanted to make extreme changes to the government • Believed that the people should have all the power • Other groups on left: Emigres Moderates • Sat in the center of the hall and were called centrists • Wanted some changes in government, but not as many as the radicals Conservatives • Sat on the right side of the hall and were called right-wing • Liked the idea of a limited monarchy • Wanted to make very few changes to the government • Other groups on right: sans-culottes
• Radicals in France tried to spread their revolutionary ideas to other countries and got France into wars with Austria and Prussia – Austria and Prussia wanted Louis back in power, but the Legislative Assembly said no, and declared war on them. • France was in chaos. People in Paris rioted. Thousands of people were killed, and others worried about the state of France.
• September 21, 1792: The Legislative Assembly is changed to the National Convention which met, abolished (got rid of) the monarchy, and declared France a republic – Adult males could now vote – Louis XVI was tried and found guilty of treason • January 21, 1793: Louis was killed by the guillotine – Marie was killed in October 1793
Terror Grips France • The new republic had two MAJOR problems: the ongoing war with Prussia and Austria, and the fact that common people in France were rebelling over the killing of the King. • In the middle of the chaos, Maximilien Robespierre assumed power. He killed anyone who threatened his power. (Over 40, 000 people) • 85% of the people killed were poor (supposedly those for whom the Revolution was carried out). This was called the Reign of Terror
The End of the Terror • July 1794: the National Convention met and knew they had to get rid of Robespierre • July 28, 1794: Robespierre lost his head. • National Convention met and created another new government (the third since 1789). – New plan gave power to the middle class, created a two branch legislature, and an executive branch known as the Directory – The Directory picked a guy named Napoleon to be their new commander of the French armies
Processing • Who was the leader in charge of France during the Reign of Terror, and why was this period called the Reign of Terror? • Did the Reign of Terror help lead the French people towards democracy? Why or why not?
- Slides: 12