Bellringer Get out your venn diagram Get out

Bellringer • • Get out your venn diagram Get out your outline for the quiz. You have 5 minutes. BJOTD: What kind of monkey can fly?

Bellringer 11/11 • Did you study last night? ? • Get ready for speed dating review by making sure you have picked up your questions and answers from me. • Read my comments and make any changes/fixes to your questions • BJOTD: What did the banker say to the football player? –Jorge Gallo

After the Quiz • Place the packet and your test in the appropriate spot on the cart. • Read through the “Speed Dating: Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment” Worksheet – Using Chapter 6, sections 1 -2, in your textbook start looking up some of these individuals you could be in speed dating. Who do you want to be?

Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment Introduction

Background • What did the Renaissance do? – The Renaissance sparked interest and curiosity about many things, allowing people to start to think for themselves • What did the Reformation question? – The Reformation led people to question and challenge the original views of God, the church, and salvation

• At the same time as the Reformation… – Individuals began to challenge the way people viewed their place in the Universe. This became known as the Scientific Revolution.

What was the Scientific Revolution? • The Scientific Revolution was a new way of thinking about the natural world. • Based on: – careful observation of nature – a willingness to question widely accepted beliefs – Reason • Result: the expansion of scientific knowledge

How did they come up with these ideas? • Scientific Method – Created by Aristotle – A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas

Scientists of the Scientific Revolution • Need to know for the SOLs • • Isaac Newton Nicolas Copernicus Johannes Kepler Galileo Galilei William Harvey Aristotle Rene Descartes

Processing • What was the Scientific Revolution? • What are two things the Scientific Revolution is based on?

The Enlightenment • What was the Enlightenment? – An intellectual movement where enlightenment thinkers tried to apply reason and scientific methods to the HUMAN world as well as to the rest of the natural world – People wanted to build a society around the ideas of the Scientific Revolution

Examples of Enlightenment Ideas • Freedom of speech • Separation of powers: government should be divided on different levels so that no one level has all the power – Example: England has a monarch and a Parliament • Natural rights: life, liberty, property • Freedom of religion

How did the movement spread? • Salons—wealthy women and men would gather to discuss ideas • Encyclopedias published many Enlightenment ideas • Pamphlets and newspapers helped to spread the word about new ideas

Enlightenment Thinkers • Need to know for the SOLs • • John Locke Montesquieu Voltaire Beccaria Thomas Hobbes Jean-Jacques Rousseau Thomas Jefferson Mary Wollstonecraft

Results of the Enlightenment • Stimulated religious tolerance • Helped to start democratic revolutions around the world • Rise of individualism—thinking for yourself • Rise of a more secular or worldly outlook

Speed Dating • Starting next class, we are going to be researching for our speed-dating activity • You and a partner will research and then become one of the individuals from either the Scientific Revolution or the Enlightenment • Each of you will be responsible for being that person in a round of speed dating— why would someone want to choose you to be the best influence on their country?

Bellringer • Sit at the tables in the center of the classroom. • Take out your notes from last class • Complete the Processing questions from your sheet. • BJOTD: Why did the bank robber go see a chiropractor?

Leaders of the Scientific Revolution

Nicolaus Copernicus— 1500 s • Did not agree with the geocentric model of the universe • First to study the idea that the sun was at the center of the universe • After 25 years, Copernicus proved that the sun was in the center of the stars and other planets • Called the heliocentric theory—suncentered

Johannes Kepler— 1600 s • Kepler expanded on Copernicus’ ideas—he wanted to know why and how the planets orbit the way they do • Proved that the planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits instead of perfect circles

Galileo Galilei— 1500 -1600 • 1609—he used a telescope to study the heavens • 1610—wrote Starry Messenger, which described his observations – Confirmed Copernicus’ theory of a heliocentric universe

Galileo Tidbits • Galileo's ideas went against the church, so he was “encouraged” not to publish his book • Taken to court by the Church and put to torture – Under torture, he lied and claimed that Copernicus’ ideas were wrong • Jailed until his death, but his ideas still spread.

Isaac Newton • By 24, Newton was certain all physical objects on Earth and in space were equally affected by the same forces • His big idea: linking motion in the heaven with motion on earth – Called the Law of Universal Gravitation • Every object in the Universe attracts every other object. The amount of attraction depends on the mass of the object and the distance between them.

William Harvey— 1600 s • Wrote On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals • Showed the heart acts as a pump to circulate the blood throughout the body • Described the function of blood vessels

Other Important Inventions • Microscope • Edward Jenner invented a vaccine for Smallpox • First Fahrenheit Thermometer

Processing • Which innovation do you feel was the most important, and why?