Bellringer Get out your venn diagram Get out

Bellringer • • Get out your venn diagram Get out your outline for the quiz. You have 5 minutes. BJOTD: What kind of monkey can fly?

Bellringer 10/30 • On page 39 in your notebook, write out and answer the following questions: • What is absolutism? • How did Louis XIV consolidate (strengthen) his power as an absolute monarch? • What did Peter the Great want to do to Russia and why? How did he do this? (Give two examples) • BJOTD: What kind of monkey can fly?

Scientific Revolution

Background • What did the Renaissance do? – The Renaissance sparked interest and curiosity about many things, allowing people to start to think for themselves

• What did the Reformation question? – The Reformation led people to question and challenge the original views of God, the church, and salvation

• At the same time as the Reformation… – Individuals began to challenge the way people viewed their place in the Universe. This became known as the Scientific Revolution.

• Before the Revolutions: – The view of the Universe was geocentric • Geocentric: earthcentered • Church would punish anyone who said otherwise through the Inquisition – Aristotle and Ptolemy supported the idea of a geocentric universe

What was the Scientific Revolution? • The Scientific Revolution was a new way of thinking about the natural world. • Based on: – careful observation (what you can see) – a willingness to question widely accepted beliefs – reason

What led to this Revolution? • Muslims during the Middle Ages compiled a large collection of Ancient and Modern scientific knowledge • Scientific courses in astronomy, physics, and mathematics began to be offered in colleges • Explorers needed new tools and inventions to better explore the world.

Processing • Who was in charge of making all decisions prior to the Renaissance and Reformation? • Why were the Renaissance and Reformation important in leading to the Scientific Reformation?

Leaders of the Scientific Revolution

Nicolaus Copernicus— 1500 s • Did not agree with the geocentric model of the universe • First to study the idea that the sun was at the center of the universe • After 25 years, Copernicus proved that the sun was in the center of the stars and other planets • Called the heliocentric theory—suncentered

Johannes Kepler— 1600 s • Kepler expanded on Copernicus’ ideas—he wanted to know why and how the planets orbit the way they do • Proved that the planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits instead of perfect circles

Galileo Galilei— 1500 -1600 • 1609—he used a telescope to study the heavens • 1610—wrote Starry Messenger, which described his observations – Confirmed Copernicus’ theory of a heliocentric universe

Galileo Tidbits • Galileo's ideas went against the church, so he was “encouraged” not to publish his book • Taken to court by the Church and put to torture – Under torture, he lied and claimed that Copernicus’ ideas were wrong • Jailed until his death, but his ideas still spread.

Isaac Newton • By 24, Newton was certain all physical objects on Earth and in space were equally affected by the same forces • His big idea: linking motion in the heaven with motion on earth – Called the Law of Universal Gravitation • Every object in the Universe attracts every other object. The amount of attraction depends on the mass of the object and the distance between them.

William Harvey— 1600 s • Wrote On the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals • Showed the heart acts as a pump to circulate the blood throughout the body • Described the function of blood vessels

Other Important Inventions • Microscope • Edward Jenner invented a vaccine for Smallpox • First Fahrenheit Thermometer

Processing • Which innovation do you feel was the most important, and why?

Scientific Method • A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas