Bellringer 20 n n i LEAP practice book

Bellringer #20 n n i. LEAP practice book page 10 -11, #1 -7 Take out your foldable and your homework from last class (pg 601 #1 -3)

The Church and the Kings Middle Ages 500 -1500 AD

The Church and Politics n The church owned much of the land in Europe • Many people left their land to the church when they died n The church also created many universities during this time period

Quick Write 1 n n Read the box “School Days” on page 537. With a partner, make a list of ways that schools in the Middle Ages were similar to and different from schools today.

Early Universities Created by the Church n Similarities • Taught many subjects • Had a schedule to follow • After school activities like sports • Took tests • Graduation used caps and gowns n Differences • Goal was to teach about religion • Most teachers were church leaders • Only men • Started at age 14

The Power of the Popes n n n The pope was the head of the Christian church in western Europe. The pope got his power from God The pope could excommunicate his enemies • He could put them out of the church

The Power of the Kings n n n In England, France, and the Roman Empire, kings were the rulers Kings inherited their titles from their fathers Kings believed their power came from God

Kings and Popes Argued n n As popes attempted to increase their power, they came into conflict with kings Both groups believed they got their power from God Vs.

Kings and Popes Argued n Most conflicts between popes and kings were over who gets to choose the leaders of the church • ended with the agreement that the emperor or king could choose the leaders of the church

Quick Write 2 n Using EXACTLY 15 words (not 14, not 16), summarize why the popes and kings fought for power and how they resolved their conflict.

Split in the Church n n In Europe, most people were Christians However, something happened to split the Christian church into two

Split in the Church n n n Pope Leo IX believed that all Christians should answer to the pope The bishop of Constantinople disagreed Pope Leo excommunicated the bishop (kicked him out of the church)

Split in the Church n Christians who agreed with the bishop of Constantinople • Said that the pope is NOT the head of the church: n n The Eastern Orthodox Church Christians who agreed with Pope Leo • Said that the pope IS the head of the church: n The Roman Catholic Church

Split in the Church Map of Europe Blue: Catholic Red: Orthodox

n We are Christians too, but we say that the Pope is NOT the head of the church. We are now called ________. We are Christians, but we say that the Pope is the head of the church. We are now called ________.

Oppose the Church? Punishment! The Christian Church dealt harshly with people who did not respect its authority. n By around 1100 some Christians had begun to question the teachings of the church. n • Heretics are people who have ideas that go against the church

Oppose the Church? Punishment! n Punishments for going against the church included: • • Fines Torture Put in prison Killed

The Spanish Inquisition n In 1469 Spain was ruled by King Ferdinand Queen Isabella. • wanted only Christians in their kingdom. n To make sure Christianity was the only religion, they created the Spanish Inquisition. • Group of priests who looked for and punished non-Christians (heretics) n Guilty people—burned in public

Quick Write 3 n Do you agree with King Ferdinand Queen Isabella’s decision to seek out non-Christians in Spain and punish them? Why or why not?

Hundred Years’ War n n War between England France Lasted a little over 100 years The last French king in a line of men died, and the English king claimed the right to rule France England took over most of France until Joan of Arc helped France win major battles

Joan of Arc n n The youngest person in history to lead an army (France) • Had many victories for France to help them win the war She was captured by the English

Joan of Arc n n n Was tortured and then put on trial • Found guilty of heresy (going against the church) Was burned at the stake in the middle of town After her death, she was proved innocent and now she is a saint of the Catholic church

Video—Joan of Arc

Bumper Stickers n Students will create a bumper sticker that represents a topic learned today: • Universities • Joan of Arc • Hundred Years War • Popes vs. Kings • Spanish Inquisition • Punishments of non-Christians