Bell Work Fill in the Blank Yellow Journalism

Bell Work: Fill in the Blank Yellow Journalism is like _____ but it is NOT like 1 ______.

Spanish-American War “A Splendid Little War” John Hay, Secretary of State, 1898

Who? • Spain vs. United States Where? • Philippines, Cuba (Spanish Colonies) USA The Philippines 3 Cuba

Why? Help give freedom to Spain’s colonies! 4 President during the War - William Mc. Kinley

Cuban Revolution What? • Cubans were fighting the Spanish because they wanted to be independent from Spain • Cuban Civilians were forced into Spanish run slave camps (horrible conditions) 30% died from disease and starvation How did it lead to war? • Made Spain look horrible in American eyes • Americans sympathized with Cubans 5

American Economic Interests What? • Many of Cuba’s sugar plantations were owned by Americans Why? • Protecting their economic interests How did it lead to war? • Made Americans more likely to help out Cuba 6

“Yellow Journalists” What? • Newspaper created highly exaggerated and sensationalized stories Why? • Make more money if they keep readers scared and interested How did it lead to war? • Made Americans want war! 7

De Lôme Letter • A letter written by Spanish minister to the U. S. , Enrique Dupuy de Lome, which ridiculed President Mc. Kinley, was published by the New York Journal. • Called Mc. Kinley “weak and catering to the rabble” • This letter made it hard for leaders to withstand demands for war 8

Who Caused the sinking of the Maine? Please look at the handout and answer questions with a partner 9

Sinking of the Maine What? • USS Maine explodes in Havana, Cuba Harbor • Most Americans believe it was Spain’s fault • 1976 U. S. Navy analyzed the sunken ship, decided that the hull blew OUT, not IN How did it lead to war? • “Spark” that started the war • “Remember the Maine! To hell with Spain!” 10

“Yellow Journalism” “You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the war” William Randolph Hearst Headline reads: “Destruction of the War Ship Was the Work of an Enemy” 11 offered $50, 000 reward to anyone who could find the guilty party

Headline of the Maine Explosion 12 Maine Explosion Caused by Bomb or Torpedo? 2/17/1898 New York World

Maine Image sunk The battleship USS Maine blew up in Havana harbor, killing 260 American sailors. 14 Although there was no proof, the explosion was blamed on a Spanish mine, gaining U. S. support for war with Spain.

Judge Cartoon 15

President William Mc. Kinley

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Manila Bay What Happened at Manila Bay? • Surprise naval attack sunk the crumbling Spanish Navy • Made Americans feel superior 18

Rough Riders Who were the Rough Riders? Who was their leader? • Teddy Roosevelt led a “Cowboy Cavalry. ” • Brought his own photographer 19 • Teddy’s popularity from this led to his becoming VP and then President

Teddy Roosevelt 20

Rough Riders What famous Battle did they participate in? • San Juan Hill • African Americans also helped, but got no credit 21

Results • U. S. defeats Spain & becomes world power • War lasts 4 months with fighting on two fronts in the Pacific and Caribbean. • 2, 446 Americans died (only 400 in battle). rest were from disease and infection. • Roosevelt became Vice President and then President in 1901 (Mc. Kinley was assassinated). 22

Results • Treaty of Paris: (1898) granted Cuba independence, U. S. gained Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam for $20 million. • U. S. gained many former Spanish colonies, which set off debate among imperialists and anti-imperialists in Asia and Latin America Platt Amendment (1903) 1. Cuba was not to enter into any agreements with foreign powers that would endanger its independence. 2. The U. S. could intervene in Cuban affairs if necessary to maintain an efficient, independent govt. 3. Cuba must lease Guantanamo Bay to the U. S. for naval and coaling station. 23

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Ticket Out the Door What role did the media play in influencing public opinions? 25