BELL RINGERS 35 M Socrative com Room 38178

BELL RINGERS – 3/5 • M. Socrative. com – Room #38178 • Questions: • 1. What were Post-Impressionism subjects similar to? • 2. Who painted in the Pointillism style?

THINGS PASSED BACK • Binder Checks – you do NOT have to keep these (but DON’T leave them on the floor!) • Van Gogh Movie Questions – these MUST go in your binder!!! • Behind all the Realism/Impressionism notes you have so far (what you get today will go behind the movie questions) • Pointillism Pictures – these are NOT getting passed back (I’m going to hang them up. ) Grades are in the gradebook.

Realism/Impressionism －－ Architecture

ARCHITECTURE • A new age of experimentation took architects in a different direction – upward • Late in the period, the skyscraper was designed • In response to the need to create additional commercial space in tight urban areas

• Burnham and Root’s Monadnock Building in Chicago, IL • It’s the tallest commercial loadbearing masonry building ever constructed. • Masonry: built completely of brick and requires increasingly thick supportive walls towards its base • Built in halves (north half 1891, then south half 1893) ARCHITECTURE

• When completed, it was the largest office building in the world • The building was remodeled in 1938 to halt the demolition of Chicago’s aging skyscrapers • In 1979 it was restored to its original condition ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE

ARCHITECTURE • The trend in architecture was to combine design, materials, and new concepts of space • When all those elements were combined, the skyscraper emerged, first (and almost exclusively) in America

ARCHITECTURE • Architects erected buildings of unprecedented height without increasing the thickness of lower wall by using structural frameworks – first of iron, later of steel • Each story was supported on horizontal girders • However, the concept of the skyscraper could not be realized comfortably until the invention of a safe and reliable elevator

ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN • Sullivan (1856 -1924) – one of the most influential figures in the development of the skyscraper and philosophies of modern architecture • He was the first truly modern architect • Worked in Chicago in 1890, then the most rapidly developing metropolis in the world

ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN • Considered as the creator of the modern skyscraper • He was a mentor to Frank Lloyd Wright (Modernism Architect)

ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN • Sullivan was the first to cope with the weight-bearing issue • He coined the phrase “form follows function” and placed the demands of practical use above aesthetics

ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN • He designed buildings of great dignity, simplicity, and strength • “Form follows function” • His Carson, Pirie, and Scott building should look like a department store

ARCHITECTURE – LOUIS SULLIVAN • Wainwright Building Exchange Chicago Stock

ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU • In the final years of the 19 th century, a new style of architectural decoration evolved called art nouveau • It provides a decorative surface that imparts a unique character to any building • Its identifying characteristic is the lively, serpentine curve, known as the “whiplash” • The OPPOSITE of “form follows function”

ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU • Art nouveau incorporates organic and often symbolic motifs, usually flowers and animals, and then treats them into a flat, linear, and relief-like manner • Parabolas in windows, arches, and doors are common • Decorative moldings in plant-derived forms

ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU • Antoni Gaudi (1852 -1926) • He designed a number of important buildings in Spain including Casa Batllo in Barcelona

ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU • He refaced an older building with colored tiles, adding a steep roof that flows from orange to blue-green

ARCHITECTURE – ART NOUVEAU

ARCHITECTURE • Widespread experimentation with new forms and materials continued • Many attempts have been made to categorize general tendencies and to label specific ones unsuccessfully

QUIZ • This quiz is OPEN NOTE and only on Realism/Impressionism Art (both pages of notes. ) • No history or architecture • NO TALKING DURING THE QUIZ!!! You can ONLY use what YOU have. • Turn it into the box once you’re finished.