BELL RINGER Why did peasant begin to become

BELL RINGER � Why did peasant begin to become weary of the French Revolution? � Executions land. of clergy men and sale of church

AGENDA/OBJECTIVES � War with Austria � Radicals execute the king � Reign of terror and Maximilien Robespierre � What happens after the end of the Reign of terror. � Video to tie it all in! � Pass out mid term review and answer any questions.

WAR AND EXTREME MEASURES � War with Austria: � - Radicals hoped to spread revolution to all of Europe. � - Austria and Prussia suggest putting Louis back on the throne. � War declared – August 1792.

WAR AND EXTREME MEASURES � War began badly for French forces. � Summer 1792 – enemy armies were advancing towards Paris. � July 25 – Prussian leader threatened to destroy Paris if anyone harmed the royal family. � Response: 20, 000 men and women raided the Tuileries killing all of Louis guards and imprisoning him.

WAR EFFECTS LIFE IN PARIS � As volunteers were getting ready to leave. � - rumors of imprisoned royalist retaking Paris went around. � Early September- Parisians raided the prisons killing over a 1, 000 prisoners.

RADICALS EXECUTE THE KING � Mob leaders had more power than the government. � Jean Paul Marat: editor of a newspaper, suggested killing all enemies of the revolution. � Georges Danton: dedicated to the rights of poor people. � September 21 – National Convention declared France a republic and abolished the Monarchy.

RADICALS EXECUTE THE KING � Radical Jacobins: tried Louis XVI for treason and sentenced him to death. � January 21, 1793 – Louis was beheaded by a machine called the Guillotine.

THE FIRST REPUBLIC � First issue – continuing the war with Austria and Prussia. � 1793 – Great Britain, Holland, and Spain allied with Austria and Prussia – First Coalition. � - France suffered many defeats. � February 1793 – Draft 300, 000 French citizens between 18 -40. � 1794 – Army of 800, 000 and included women.

REIGN OF TERROR � Jacobins had thousands of enemies: � - peasants against the beheading of clergy men. � - Rival leaders stirring up rebellions. � Maximilien Robespierre- gained power and tried to wipe out any trace of the royalty or nobility in France. � - Calendar changed to be more scientific. � i. e. 10 day week to get rid of Sundays.

MAXIMILIEN ROBESPIERRE

REIGN OF TERROR � All churches ransacked and closed. � Robespierre became leader of the Committee of Public Safety. � Tried people in the morning and beheaded them in the afternoon. � July 1793 - July 1794: virtually a dictator his rule became known as the reign of terror.

REIGN OF TERROR � Most famous victim: Marie Antoinette (wife of Louis XVI) � - Most “enemies” were revolutionaries that challenged his power. � October 1793 – revolutionary courts pronounced death sentences on many of the leaders who first helped start the revolution.

REIGN OF TERROR � Georges Danton- found himself in danger for being less radical. � National Convention feared defending him, they joined in on condemning him. � On the scaffold Danton said: � “don’t forget to show my head to the people. It’s well worth seeing. ”

REIGN OF TERROR � Thousands of people were sentenced to death for silly crimes. � i. e. 18 year old boy sentenced to death for cutting down a tree dedicated to liberty. � - tavern owner put to death for selling sour wine to revolutionaries.

REIGN OF TERROR � 3, 000 killed in Paris. � 40, 000 killed in France. � About 85% were peasants or members of the middle class.

REIGN OF TERROR ENDS July 1794 - National Convention members were not safe. � Conspired to arrest Robespierre. � July 28, 1794 he was executed. � Public opinion quickly shifted to the right (conservative). � 1795 – moderate leaders took over the convention. � 1789 – New Constitution � - Two house legislature � - executive body of five men called the directory. � Directory found a talented young man to lead France to victory. Who was he? �

NAPOLEON BONAPARTE

� http: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=womw 36 y VGRM&list=PL 78042 E 17 E 60 D 72 CF