Bell Ringer Take out a sheet of notebook
Bell Ringer • Take out a sheet of notebook paper and set it up for Cornell Notes. • Heading with name, date, class and mods in top right. • Use a straight edge to draw your question line ½ inch to right of the red margin line. • Essential Question will go in the top left.
What does “E Pluribus Unum” Stand For?
Essential Question • What are the qualifications to become a U. S. Citizen?
Who Are America’s Citizens? • You are a Citizen by birth if you meet any of the following: • Born in the U. S. (50 states or D. C. ), or any of its territories or military bases • If you are born elsewhere & both parents are citizens or one is a citizen who has lived in the U. S.
Who Are America’s Citizens? • Naturalization: Legal process of becoming a citizen • Alien: Non-citizens who live in a country • Immigrant: Move from one country to another to live • More than 500, 000 immigrants to the U. S. per year
Who Are America’s Citizens? • The Naturalization Process: 1. File Declaration of Citizenship 2. Must be in U. S. 5 years (3 if married to a citizen) 3. Be 18+ & resident of your state for more than 3 months 4. Background interview and test taken 5. Oath of Allegiance taken: any kids naturalized citizen may have under 18 become citizens too
A Lifelong Privilege • Citizenship is a lifelong privilege unless… • Denaturalization: Giving improper information during naturalization process • Expatriation: Giving up your citizenship to become citizen of another country • Punishment for a crime: Treason, violent rebellious act against the government
Aliens in America • U. S. today limits # of immigrants to around 1 million per year • Why allow people in the U. S. ? ? ? ? • Recent emphasis on allowing those who are most likely to become productive, working citizens into country
Aliens in America • Illegal Immigrants: • More than 12 million illegal aliens living in U. S. • Some come temporarily & stay, some come in illegally • Not legal to hire illegal immigrants • U. S. Border Patrol created to police U. S. -Mexico, U. S. Canadian border & waters around Florida • Deport: Send back to country of citizenship
Aliens in America Legal Immigrants: • Resident Alien: Has come to the United States to live permanently • Nonresident Alien: Only in the United States temporarily • TV reporter from foreign country reporting on World Cup Soccer in U. S. • Aliens have same legal protections as U. S. citizens • Do not have right to vote, run for office, or sit on juries
Types of Government • Types of Democracy • Democracy – A government in which citizens hold the power to rule. • Direct democracy – a form of democracy in which the people vote firsthand. • Representative democracy – A government in which citizens choose a smaller group to govern on their behalf.
Types of Gov’t • Republic – a representative democracy where • Democratic Principles citizens choose their lawmakers. • • Voting and Democracy – Free, fair and competitive elections Voters have choice – Competitive elections and competing political parties are an important in democracies Majority rule – citizens agree that when differences of opinion arise, they will abide by what most people want. Constitutional Monarch – The monarchs are heads of state only, presiding at the ceremonies and serving as symbols of unity.
Authoritarian Governments • Authoritarian – a government in which one leader or group of people holds absolute power. • Absolute Monarch – Monarchs had unlimited authority to rule as they wished. (Technically 2 still remain today – king of Saudi Arabia and the emir of Qatar)
Authoritarian Cont’d • Dictatorships – Dictators exercise complete control over the state. Dictators generally acquire power through force. • Totalitarianism – The governments control extends to almost every aspect of people’s lives. • Most dictators impose a totalitarian state • Ban political opposition and suppress individual freedoms • Regulate farms and industries
Bell Ringer • Take out your Cornell Notes for Section Three that we covered yesterday. • You will also need the ICivics Packet that was homework.
SWITZERLAND Citizens elect representatives to sit in two different lawmaking assemblies. But citizens also vote several times a year to decide on laws. Citizens can vote to propose their own laws or undo laws passed by their representatives. All citizens may vote directly on these laws. Forms of Government: representative democracy _________________ and direct democracy _________________
SOUTH AFRICA From 1948 -1994, official policy in South Africa gave white people all the political power. Even though the majority of South Africans were black, non-whites could not influence government. White South Africans elected representatives to sit in a lawmaking body. Forms of Government: oligarchy _________________ and representative democracy _________________
NORTH KOREA One man leads North Korea and controls its government. He also controls its ruling political party. The ruling party chooses candidates for an Assembly, and citizens vote. The candidates do not have opponents, so citizens have no choices. Form of Government: dictatorship _________________
SAUDI ARABIA Saudi Arabia is led by a king. The king appoints a Council of Ministers to help govern, but there are no elections. Saudi Arabia’s Basic Law states that the country’s constitution is the Islamic holy book the Qur’an and other religious traditions. Forms of Government: monarchy _________________ and theocracy _________________
DENMARK The people of Denmark elect representatives to sit in Parliament, a lawmaking body. The Queen of Denmark heads the country, but she only has a small role in government. The government is led by a Prime Minister, who is appointed from among the elected representatives. Forms of Government: monarchy _________________ and representative democracy _________________
BRAZIL Brazil is led by a president who is elected by the citizens. Citizens in Brazil elect a new president every four years. Citizens also elect representatives to serve in two different legislative bodies. Form of Government: representative democracy _________________
True or False? 1. A monarchy can be like a dictatorship or it can be part of a democracy. 2. A dictatorship can also be a democracy. True False Example or Reason: True m False Example or Reason: m m m 3. A democracy can have both True representative and direct characteristics False m at the same time. 4. An oligarchy can include representative democracy. 5. A government can be both a monarchy and an anarchy at the same time. m True False m m True m False m True 6. Theocracy can co-exist with monarchy. False m m Denmark / Saudi Arabia Citizens get no say in a dictatorship Example or Reason: Switzerland Example or Reason: In South Africa, some got to vote Example or Reason: Monarchy and anarchy are opposites! Example or Reason: Saudi Arabia True False Example or Reason: True 8. An oligarchy can be like a dictatorship. False Example or Reason: 7. Theocracy can co-exist with democracy. m m In Iran, citizens vote Under a junta, citizens often have few rights
Vocabulary Crossword T D H R E P R E S E N T A T I V E C O D O A T C L R E J U N T A M I A A T G O C M R O C A O C R Y R R N H S A U T O C R A C Y H D I R E C T C H R Y Y C P H Y Across 3. Type of democracy where citizens elect leaders to represent them in government 7. A small group that rules a country after taking it over by force 9. One person has all the power 10. Type of democracy where citizens are involved in day-today government Down 1. Recognizes God as the ultimate authority in government and law 2. One leader has absolute control over citizens’ lives 4. Citizens hold the political power 5. A small group of people has all the power 6. People are not subject to any nation or government 8. A king or queen rules the country
A or B? 1. One person is in charge. A Autocracy B Democracy
A or B? 2. Citizens often have no rights. A Democracy B Dictatorship
A or B? 3. Can exist with other forms of government. A Dictatorship B Theocracy
A or B? 4. Led by a king or queen. A Monarchy B Oligarchy
A or B? 5. Nobody is in charge. A Monarchy B Anarchy
A or B? 6. Those in charge are military members who took over by force. A Junta B Democracy
A or B? 7. Leader often shares power with other parts of government. A B Monarchy Dictatorship
A or B? 8. Democracy where citizens elect others to serve in government. A B Direct Representative
A or B? 9. Citizens vote to elect their leaders. A B Democracy Autocracy
A or B? 10. A small group rules the country. A Oligarchy B Democracy
A or B? 11. People do not answer to any leader or government. A Oligarchy B Anarchy
A or B? 11. People do not answer to any leader or government. A Oligarchy B Anarchy
A or B? 13. The group with power can be based on race or social class. A B Monarchy Oligarchy
A or B? 14. Democracy where citizens participate in lawmaking themselves. A Direct B Representative
Duties & Responsibilities of Citizens • Duties vs. Responsibilities: • Is there really a difference? • Responsibilities: Things we SHOULD do, voluntary actions • Duties: Things that we are REQUIRED to do as citizens
Duties & Responsibilities of Citizens • 5 Duties of U. S. Citizens: 1. Obey laws: Federal, State & Local 2. Pay Taxes: 3. Defend the country in wartime: the draft for men 18 to 25 if necessary 4. Serve on Juries 5. Attend School
Duties & Responsibilities of Citizens 4 Civic Responsibilities of Citizens: 1. Be informed on government actions and decisions that may impact your life 2. Make your voice heard on key issues and government officials by voting 3. Respect the rights of others: Don’t create panic, tolerate views different than your own 1. Drag racing on public roads puts the lives of others in danger 4. Contribute to the common good: Volunteering time and money, helping others in need, etc…
Citizen Involvement • Every year, more than half of Americans do some kind of volunteer work • Volunteerism: Offering time and effort to others without payment • Improves the lives of others and makes communities safer places to live and work
Citizen Involvement • Welfare: The health, happiness and prosperity of all those in the community • Donating Time & Money: • Many opportunities within the community to volunteer & contribute • More than $250 billion is donated to charity on a yearly basis • Average American donates about 2 percent of income
Volunteers in Action • Charitable Organizations: More than 1 million charities available to donate either time or money • School-Based Programs: Some schools require community service for graduation • National Service Programs: Ameri. Corps, Senior Corps, Freedom Corps
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