Bell Ringer List the three motivescauses of Imperialism

Bell Ringer List the three motives/causes of Imperialism List the three Forms of Imperial control Provide two examples of Imperial control. Example (you need 2 more): -Russian sphere of influence in Iran.

Bell Ringer What treaty opened Japan The Treaty of Kanagawa to trade with the United States? Isolation Japan spent 300 years _______, or cut off from the rest of the world John Locke Who believed the natural rights are life, liberty and property?

New Global Patterns

Japan What do you already know? -Island nation: archipelago -Few natural resources -isolated for hundreds of years -mountainous -emperor

Isolation REVIEW Ruled by the Tokugawa Shogunate and Isolated for 300 years. The Japanese were self-sufficient growing their food, making goods, resources Remember, Japan hasanda necessary strict class structure. The top is the emperor, but Isolation has its problems though: -Corruption government the in. Shogun is really in control. The -goods were made by hand = expensive and time consuming Tokugawa Shogunate -Japanese lost faith in their government made the Japanese Isolated Based on this, do you think industrialization had yet What is occurred the moral in Japan? What is your evidence? code the Samurai class followed? Bushido

Commodore Perry In 1853, a US fleet of armed ships arrived in Japan. The US ships were led by Commodore Perry. He delivered a letter demanding the Japanese open for trade. In 1854, the Treaty of Kanagawa was signed giving the US access to two ports Soon, other imperial powers, such as Britain, Russia and France had similar arrangements.

Japanese Reaction The Japanese people were split over the foreigners. Many were offended by the forced trade agreements , but others saw it as an opportunity to improve Japan. What do you think the artist felt?

Meiji Restoration (1868 -1912) The emperor had witnessed how China fell to the foreigners because they refused to modernize. The emperor began a period of modernization and industrialization known as the Meiji Restoration 4: 55

Meiji Goal: Japan would adopt Western industry to stand up against them Method: Japanese scholars sent abroad to study the West and its cultures. The. Russia, BIG France, Idea: etc. To learn about Western Political leaders travelled to Britain, government, economies, technology, customs. Japan will quicklyandindustrialize to fight off the West What types of things do you think the travellers may have seen?

Meiji Pride “This means that about seven years after the first sight of a steamship, after only about five years of practice, the Japanese made a trans-Pacific crossing without help from foreign experts… Even Peter the Great of Russia, who went to Holland to study navigation, could not have equaled this feat of the Japanese. ” What did the Japanese accomplish? Why is it so shocking?

Fukuzawa Yukichi A Japanese scholar who travelled to California. He spent his life writing books to help the Japanese people understand Western thought and culture. He discovered many interesting things: -Carpeted floors “the floors were covered with valuable carpets that in Japan only the more wealthy could buy… to make purses. Upon this costly fabric walked our hosts (Americans) wearing shoes with which they had come in from the streets!” -Ice “our drinks arrived with strange fragments floating in them. Some of the party swallowed these particles, others chewed them. Hardly did we expect to find ice in the warm spring weather” Why were the carpets so shocking “To our dismay, we could not make out what they were doing. The ladies for the Japanese Whythecan US As funny as and gentlemen seemed tovisitors? be hopping about roomthe together. it was, weto knew it would be rude laugh, floors? and we controlled our afford keep them onto the -Dancing expressions with difficulty as the dancing went on. ”

Reforms -Government modeled after Germany’s Autocratic ruler Historically, culture flowed -1889 Constitution set up a two house legislature- one elected and one appointedfrom China to Japan through Korea, the Cultural -All citizens are equal before the law but suffrage is limited Bridge. However, Japan -modernized the military picked what culture they -Improved infrastructure (roads, bridges, communication adopted systems) -Adopted Western manufacturing systems

Zaibatsu Unlike China, which resisted modernizing, Commodore Perry arrived in agriculturally based Japan in 1853 Japan embraced it, By 1890 the Japanese had a booming industry and leading military with the Government financing industrial growth The Japanese government invested and developed factories and businesses. They were then bought by Zaibatsu, powerful banking and industry families.

Changing fashions of the Meiji Traditional Meiji

Education

In less than 50 years Japan transformed from a traditional agricultural nation, into a powerful industrialized and modern nation

Japan’s imperial conquest Like other industrialized nations, Japan realized it needed raw materials and new markets. Neighboring countries Manchuria and Korea have the necessary materials and natural resources. What do you think will happen?

Sino-Japanese War 1894 -1895 In 1894 rising tensions with China over Korean trading broke into war. China had more resources, but Japan had modernized its army.

Japanese Victory The Japanese won the war, and gained influence in South Korea. They also gained trading ports in China and control of Taiwan. The western powers are shocked by Japan’s victory. They had not thought of Japanese modernizing as a threat to their interests in the East.

Russo-Japanese War 1904 The Japanese and Russians were rivals for control in Korea and Manchuria. The tensions over control led to war. The Japanese defeated the Russian troops in Manchuria, and destroyed the Russian Fleet (Navy). **This marks the first time in modern history that an Asian power beat an European Nation**

Review The Japanese Modernizereaction to Meiji Restoration imperialism was to… The Japanese fought in and Japan the. China Sino-Japanese war. Who was fighting in this war? Who. Commodore is credited with Perry ‘opening’ Japanforce for trade? By implied How did he do this?

Japanese in Korea always felt like a ‘shrimp among the whales” because its neighbors were large and powerful. REVIEW Korea wasa protectorate, known as the By 1910 the Japanese made Korea setting up a puppet government to force its control. ______ During protectorate rule the Japanese modernizedbecause Korea, for their _________ own benefit. Example: the culture Koreans werespread from China to producing more rice than ever before, Japan but most of it went to Japan. through Korea

Korean Nationalism Like other imperial powers, the Japanese were unpopular among their Korean subjects. The Japanese imposed strict laws aimed at erasing Korean language and culture. The unfair treatment by the Japanese caused Korean nationalism to grow.

Each time we have talked about a nation taking over another, it has sparked what feeling? Why? Think of: Napoleon Congress of Vienna African Imperialism Latin American Revolution

South East Asia After Africa and the Middle East were imperialized, the Europeans turned to Asia. The South Asian countries appealed to the Europeans who wanted to secure sea routes between India and China

British and French The British and French were the main players of the South Asian areas. The British held the South West between India and Thailand. The French held Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia; known as French Indochina. Between the two stood Thailand, a needed border between the super powers. Based on your knowledge of Japan and imperialism, why do you think Siam (Thailand) was able to resist the imperial powers? They modernized and industrialized their nation to stand against the Western powers

Siam (Thailand) King Mongkut saw how the western powers took over neighboring countries who clung to traditional ways of life. To avoid this he launched a campaign to reform the nation: -- Reformed the government -- trained and supplied a modern army -- Built factories and industry -- Western experts were brought in to teach In the early 1900 s, Britain and France agreed to guarantee Thailand’s independence, but both created spheres of influence to guarantee trade.

The Philippines The Philippine Islands are rich in natural resources and safe harbors. In 1898, the Spanish relinquished (gave up) control of the islands to the United States. Though the islanders had declared independence in 1986, the US ignored their declaration and forced their rule upon the Filipinos.

Hawaii In the middle of the Pacific sat Hawaii, a rich nation with large sugar plantations. The Plantations were largely owned by US business men, who disagreed with the Queen’s tax policy. These plantation owners overthrew the government, and forced their supporters into the government. They eventually convinced the US to annex Hawaii as a state. What strategic advantage does Hawaii provide for the United States?

Review British control over South Africa, French control over Indochina, and Spanish control over Mexico are examples of 1. Isolationism 2. Appeasement 3. Nonalignment 4. Imperialism

Review During the 18 th and 19 th centuries, Europeans improved roads and bridges and built railroads in their colonies primarily to 1. Provide jobs for the colonists 2. Obtain raw materials needed for industrialization 3. Impress the colonists with their technology 4. Help missionaries spread Christianity

Review An analysis of the Russo-Japanese War and the Boer War shows that one reason nations go to war is to 1. 2. 3. 4. Assist oppressed people Spread religious beliefs Satisfy imperialist goals Honor provisions of a treaty

Review Throughout the 1800 s, an increased need for both raw materials and new markets for manufactured goods led various European nations to pursue policies of 1. 2. 3. 4. Imperialism Socialism Isolationism communism

Critical Thinking Write 4 -5 sentences explaining why nations like Ethiopia, Japan and Thailand were successful in avoiding European control, and nations such as India and China were not able to do so. Use your notes to examine the differences.