Bell Ringer Copy down daily learning log Soil

Bell Ringer • Copy down daily learning log (Soil K. I. M Chart & Video Responses) • Copy down homework (Video Responses- Due Wed)

Think: • What is the difference between dirt and soil? • What are these letters to the left?

Soil Directions: Use the login information below to watch the brainpop “soil” video http: //www. brainpop. com/science/earthsystem/soil/ Username: sandysprings Password: school

How is soil created? It takes 100 – 1, 000 yrs to form 1” of soil.

How is soil created? 1. Exposed rock (“bedrock”) starts to be weathered. 2. Wind, moving water, changes in temperature continue the weathering and erosion process. 3. Broken pieces get broken down It takes 100 – 1, 000 yrs to further form 1”and of further soil.

How is soil created? 3. Animals & plants aerate the soil and decompose organic matter. 4. Bacteria and fungi grow and produce acids that further break down rock—producing minerals and nutrients for plants.

Soil K. I. M Chart Key Term Information Memory Cue (picture)

Soil Loose surface of the earth—made up of: 1. Rocks/minerals 2. Decayed plants and animals (humus) 3. Air 4. Water

What does soil look like? Soil Horizons • O Horizon— • A Horizon—topsoil • B Horizon—subsoil • C Horizon— weathered bedrock • D Horizon— unweathered bedrock A B C D

Digging up the Horizons A-horizon = B-horizon = = = C-horizon = = D-horizon =

O Horizon • Loose and partly decayed organic matter • Organic: Living or once living

Humus • Dark organic (living) material made of dead, decaying plant and animal matter

A Horizon- Topsoil • Typically darker due to organic (living) matter • Nutrient rich due to decaying matter • Contains: – Humus (roots, leaves, worms, insects and other living organisms) – Small rock and mineral fragments

Leaching • Excessive water can carry nutrients in soils away to other locations

B Horizon Subsoil • Often red or brown due to clay • Contains: – Deep roots – Weathered rocks – Clay, iron oxides – Dissolved minerals washed down from A-Horizon

C Horizon • Partially weathered rock material • Materials leached by water from the B horizon

D Horizon • Bedrock: Unweathered rock material

What is the dirt on…dirt? Ingredients of Soil: https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=if 29 mjcd 5 bc • What is organic matter and what does it include? • How do the deeper layers of soil compare to the topsoil?

How Worms can reduce out waste: http: //ed. ted. com/lessons/vermicompostinghow-worms-can-reduce-our-waste-matthewross • You are planning to start a vermicomposting program at the school. What materials will you need, and how would you implement it in the cafeteria?

How to (literally) save the Earth: https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=AOef. Ab. Sdu. M • List 2 statistics about soil erosion from the video.

Soil Profile: Science Kids Experiment: https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Veu. Qe. A x. JIjs • Describe how the sediment in the soil represents the bottle. Explain what each layer would represent.

Additional Websites • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=I 6 HGP o. Q 3 d. ZY • http: //tinyurl. com/soilvocab • http: //tinyurl. com/soiljeopardy • http: //tinyrl. com/soilhorizons