Bell Ringer 1 January 31 2014 What series

Bell Ringer 1 – January 31, 2014 What series of wars were fought between Rome and Carthage? 2. Who was the brilliant general who led Carthage against Rome? 3. What type of ideas did the Romans adopt from the Greeks? 1.

Agenda Bell Ringer Brain. POP – Rise of the Roman Empire 3. Rome – From Republic to Empire 4. Julius Caesar Writing Activity 5. Closure 1. 2.

Rome – From Republic to Empire

The Republic Begins � 509 B. C. Rome is a republic: the people elect leaders to govern them

Punic Wars � 264 -146 B. C. – Punic Wars between Rome and Carthage �Rome gains control of Sicily, Spain, and North Africa

Punic Wars – Rome vs. Carthage �“Punic” is the Roman word for Phoenician. �Carthage was one of the Phoenician’s biggest colonies used for trading around the Mediterranean Sea. �Elephants were even used in battle!

Rome Conquers More Land �Around 140 s-120 s B. C. – Rome conquers more land, including Greece and parts of Asia

Julius Caesar � 58 BC-44 B. C. – Julius Caesar is a great general and politician � 45 B. C. – Caesar declares himself dictator for life

Julius Caesar �Caesar was VERY popular with the people of Rome! He was generous to the poor and his army of soldiers was very loyal to him. �The Senate was NOT happy that Caesar was becoming so powerful. One man wasn’t supposed to have absolute control. They believed that he was undermining the Roman republic. �The Senate met and decided Caesar needed to be killed.

44 B. C. Julius Caesar is assassinated; Marc Antony and Octavian take control of Rome Assassination! � 44 B. C. Julius Caesar is assassinated; Marc Antony and Octavian take control of Rome

Et tu, Brute? � One of the men in on the plot to assassinate Caesar was his close friend, Brutus. � Caesar at first started to fight against his attackers. When he realized his friend was in on the assassination, he is said to have covered his face and resigned himself to his fate. � Legend says that his last words were, “Et tu, Brute? ” which is Latin for, “And you, Brutus? ”

Et tu, Brute? �Remember, Brutus was one of Caesar’s best friends! �Brutus betrayed Caesar and helped assassinate him. �Brutus thought he was doing what was best for Rome. �Let’s watch a short, but bloody, video clip showing the assassination of Julius Caesar by the Roman Senate and his friend Brutus.

Beware the Ides! �Assassination happened on March 15, also called the Ides of March �To this day, people will often warn others to “Beware the Ides of March!”

�Octavian, Caesar’s grandnephew �Marc Antony, friend of Caesar

Drama! � 40 B. C. – Marc Antony marries Octavian's sister � 32 B. C. – Marc Antony divorces her for Cleopatra Octavia

Cleopatra, Last Pharaoh of Egypt

Battling for Control � Octavian and Marc Antony are battling for control of Rome! � Antony believes that Cleopatra, the pharaoh of Egypt, will help him gain total control of Rome. She is both wealthy and powerful. The Battle of Actium – Octavian’s forces against the combined forces of Antony and Cleopatra. The result was a decisive victory for Octavian.

End of Antony and Cleopatra � 31 B. C. Octavian defeats Marc Antony; Marc Antony and Cleopatra commit suicide so they won't be taken prisoner.

Emperor Augustus � 31 B. C. Octavian becomes emperor of Rome and is renamed Augustus � 27 B. C. Roman Republic ends and empire begins

Pax Romana � 27 B. C. -A. D. 180 – Pax Romana (Roman Peace): A 200 year period of wealth, stability, and peace – a Golden Age.

From Republic to Empire

Julius Caesar T-chart Good Things about Caesar Bad Things about Caesar

Julius Caesar Video Clip

1. SKIT – Write a skit using the historical figures of Caesar and Brutus as characters. The setting should be in the Senate, right before the assassination. Brutus is acting as a spokesman for the senators who want Caesar gone. Caesar is pleading for his life and explaining why he shouldn’t be killed. Your skit must include at least 15 lines of dialogue (conversation) between the two men. 2. POSTER – Design a “WANTED” poster for Julius Caesar. Include his name, a picture of him, and his “crimes” against the Roman Republic. 3. POSTER – Design a campaign poster for Julius Caesar trying to convince voters to elect Caesar as dictator for life. Include his name, a picture, and reasons why voters should choose Caesar. 4. WRITING – Write two letters. The first should be from Brutus to Caesar explaining why the senators are angry with him and warning him what might happen if he doesn’t change his ways. The second letter should be a response to Brutus from Caesar, in which Caesar defends his own character by explaining all of the good things he has done for Rome.