BEFORE AFTER AFTER After analyzing the maps After
BEFORE
AFTER
AFTER
After analyzing the maps… • After looking at the map of Europe in the 1600 s, what do you see that might lead to issues? Explain. • Speaking of issues, who do you think would get involved in those issues? • After looking at the second and third maps, what changed? Why do you think this happened?
Louis XIV to his Chancellor (1661) Up to this moment I have been pleased to entrust the government of my affairs to the late Cardinal. It is now time that I govern them myself. You [secretaries and ministers of state] will assist me with your counsels when I ask for them…. I request and order you to seal no orders except by my command…. I order you not to sign anything, not even a passport…. without my command; to render account to me personally each day and to favor no one.
Saint-Simon: A Noble’s Appraisal of Louis XIV The Duc de Saint-Simon was a member of one of the most prominent noble families of France and godson to King Louis XIV. His memoirs record the manners and customs of Louis’ court and life at Versailles in vivid detail. Note: Courtiers are either companions or advisors of the king in the royal court. • At eight o’clock the chief valet de chambre, who alone had slept in the royal chamber awoke the king. The chief physician, the chief surgeon, and the nurse entered at the same time. The nurse kissed the king; the others rubbed [him] and often changed his shirt. At the quarter, the grand chamberlain drew back the curtains, which had been closed, and presented the holy water from the vase at the head of the bed. The same officer gave him his dressing gown; immediately after, other privileged courtiers entered in time to find the king putting on his shoes and stockings. • …. . The king, upon returning from mass, asked almost immediately for the council. On Sunday, and often on Monday, there was a council of state; on Tuesday a finance council; on Wednesday a council of state; on Saturday a finance council. Rarely were two held in one day or any on Thursday or Friday. Once or twice a month there was a council of dispatches on Monday morning. Thursday morning was almost always blank. It was the day for audiences that the king wished to give. On Friday after the mass, the king was with his confessor, and the length of their audiences was limited by nothing.
Princess Palatine: A Visitor’s Viewpoint Princess Palatine, a frequent visitor at the court, wrote the following letter home describing conditions at Versailles. • The appartement [two large rooms at Versailles where the King played billiards and served re-freshments] is an absolutely intolerable experience. We all troop into the billiard room and lie on our stomachs or squat, no one uttering a word, until the King has finished his game. Then we all get up and go to the music room where someone is singing an aria from some old opera which we have heard a hundred times already. After that, we go to the ball, which lasts from eight to ten o’clock. Those who, like me, do not dance have to sit there for hours without budging for an instant, and can neither see nor hear anything except an endless minuet. At a quarter to ten, we all follow one another in a quadrille [a dance popular at the time], like children reciting a lesson, and then the ball is finally over.
King Louis XIV Political Cartoon Create a political cartoon of King Louis XIV based on the list of problems you created (perhaps pick one of those four categories) Your cartoon should tell a story yet also express an opinion. Be creative! Use the supplies at the back of the room.
Fixin’ Louis’ Problems Imagine you are the next French king after King Louis XIV dies. What would you do to help your country? Consider… -what things that Louis did would you avoid? -what things that Louis did would you copy?
Hobbes-Locke Quiz Identify if the following statements better describe Thomas Hobbes (H) or John Locke (L).
1. Believed human beings were equal. 2. Government is necessary to prevent people, who are naturally selfish and power-hungry, from being in constant conflict with one another. 3. Government should not prevent people from freely pursuing their own desires and natural rights. 4. Believed in some type of agreement between people & government. 5. He had generally favorable view toward government and the idea of an absolute ruler, with whom people engaged in a “social contract. ” 6. He opposed the idea of absolute power, believing that a government gets its power from the people. 7. People, without government involvement, naturally live in a state of equality and freedom. 8. His ideas are reflected more clearly in the U. S. Declaration and Constitution.
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