Beamline systems Yuhui Dong IHEP 16122019 The 2
Beamline systems Yuhui Dong IHEP 16/12/2019 The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS International Advisory Committee High Energy Photon Source - Beijing
Table of Contents • Scope and objective • Outcome of the review 2018 • Status of work progress, schedule • Summary of authorized changes • Manpower • Risks and mitigation • Value engineering • Summary - Major upcoming milestones HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 2
Scope and objective l Beamline systems cover: ü Ø 14 public beamline 13 IDs (3 long beamlines) and 1 BM beamline ü 1 test beamline ü User support lab. ü R&D towards beamlines: detector, X-ray optics HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 3
Layout of 15 beamlines in Phase I 14 public beamlines: 13 IDs (3 long) + 1 BM 1 optics test NRS&Raman High Pressure TXM Hard X-ray Imaging Structural Dynamics Optics test Tender spec. Nano. Probe XAFS Macromolecule Low-Dimension Probe Engineering Materials Nano-ARPES Coherent Scattering pink SAXS HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 4
Selection of BLs of Phase I l Performance of BLs: the features of storage ring Ø High energy, high brilliance and high coherence l User requirements vs cutting-edge experimental methods Ø Ø The survey of BL numbers world-wide (See Appendix 3) & user numbers in China: large number of users in low energy region Much less BL number in China comparing with USA/EU/Japan (See Appendix 3) Nano-ARPES, TMX: huge and strong user requirements One BL from BM for commissioning, as well as strong user requirements in environmental research HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 5
Summary of Beamlines (1) Features from accelerator Beamline Capability High Energy Engineering Materials In operando & in situ 50 -170 ke. V, XRD, SAXS, Reveal the phase characterization of real PDF, 3 D-XRD, microtransition and stress of components XRD materials in operando & in situ Hard X-Ray Imaging Large FOV with high resolution imaging 10 -300 ke. V, phase and diffraction contrast imaging, 200 mm large spot, 350 m long BL Nano Probe Nano-scale structure, in situ Nano probe, <10 nm; In Nano-resolution situ nanoprobe, element mapping, <50 nm; 180 m long BL stress distribution Structural Dynamics Dynamic study in nano 15 -60 ke. V, single-shot -scale diffraction and imaging; < 50 nm projection imaging High Brightness HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 Technical features Key experiments High resolution 3 D imagine of materials; High resolution 3 D imagine of fossil Capture ultrafast processes in situ, real time upon dynamic loading and 3 D printing 6
Summary of Beamlines (2) Features from accelerator Beamline Capability Technical features Key experiments High Brightness High Pressure Structure at ultra-high pressure with high/low temperature, dynamic de/compress 150 nm-200 mm focusing, diffraction, 150 TPa/s compression rate ultra-high pressure beyond 500 GPa/metallic hydrogen, superconducts at RT High Coherence Hard X-ray Coherent Scattering 3 D structure and strain with nm resolution for micron sized objects; the nanometer-scale dynamics(102 -10 -7 s) in condensed matter. >1 e 12 phs/s coherent flux, CDI(<5 nm resolution), sub-ms XPCS The 3 D imaging of whole cell; the shear band of metallic glass; The strain of nanocrystals during catalysis process ; The β relaxation dynamics in metal glasses and colloidal system; Dynamics of proteins in crowded media. HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 7
Summary of Beamlines (3) Features from accelerator Beamline Capability Technical features Key experiments High Coherence Low-Dimension Probe surface and interface scattering, surface XPCS 4. 8 -40 ke. V, 10 e 13 phs/s @12. 4 ke. V, 5 -1500 K Thin film growth and interface structure; Self -assembled or fabricated nanostructure on substrates General beamlines NRS&Raman 57 Fe Nuclear Resonant Scattering High energy resolution monos; Fast array APD detectors X-ray Raman in micron scale Large solid angle spectroscopy, high q detection, variable energy-resolution NRS: Low mantle magmas; Mito. NEET related protein dynamics XRS: metallic hydrogen/rare-earth N 4, 5 -edge; oxygen evolution for batteries in operando HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 8
Summary of Beamlines (4) Features from accelerator Beamline Capability Technical features Key experiments General beamline XAFS Micro and sub-miron XAFS, QXAFS >1 e 13 phs/s flux, plus 350 nm spot and quick XAFS In operando local structure of catalyst in reaction, cell material m-Macromolecule Structure for protein crystals in micrometer size; high throughput for drug discovery ~7 e 13 flux, 1 mm spot, standard and serial crystallography Room temperature/in situ crystallography Nano-ARPES Electron structure in nano-scale 100 -2000 e. V, 100 nm focusing, 5 me. V@200 e. V, APPLEKONT undulator Topological insulator HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 9
Summary of Beamlines (5) Features from accelerator Beamline Capability General beamline pink SAXS Time-resolved (ms) and pink beam, lest optics high through-put SAXS Structure changing of polymers (rubber/tire), carbon fibers under rapid loading; conformation changing of protein/complex Tender spectroscopy XAS; fluorescence mapping; μ-XANES for low Z elements (P to Fe) Identify the oxidation state, speciation and local structure of low Z elements in environmental samples Transmission X-ray Microscope (TXM) Technical features Bending magnet, 2 -8 ke. V spectroscopy General, stable and efficient In situ/operando full 20 nm resolution, “read field high resolution -shift” technique to imaging, 3 D reduce heat-load distribution of element HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 valence state Key experiments 3 D structure/element valence state of catalyst/battery materials 10
Outcome of the review 2018 Type Description Response Comment The design and science goals seem to be not ambitious enough. At least a few beamlines which fully exploit the tremendous performance of HEPS, e. g. nanofocusing & coherence at the start of operations. More performance beamlines which fully exploit nanafocuing and coherence brought by HEPS. The performance of capacity beamlines has been enhanced at the meantime. Comment The overall commissioning time (accelerator and beamlines) seems insufficient. The BM and in-air undulator BLs will start installation and commissioning in parallel with storage ring, in Jan. 2023. The IVU & CPMU BLs start installation in Oct. 2023. PAPS will provide the assembling and adjustment of the components in 2021. Comment The design of the beamlines only needs to be frozen in about 1 -2 years from now; use this time to refine the scientific scope for each beamline and optimize design for that. The final design of beamlines will be frozen in June 2021. Some even later. We will use this period to optimize the design. HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 11
Type Description Response Recommen dations The project should establish a long-term Long-term strategy of beamline development has been strategy of beamline development beyond made (Appendix 1). We hope to listen more to IAC for phase I, referring to the upcoming scientific views, ideas and suggestion. results from the preceding MBA facilities such as ESRF-EBS. Recommen dations More opportunities of information exchange with other facilities are strongly recommended. Recommen dations Avoid the merging of too many scientific techniques in a single beamline (sub-optimal use of resources, compromise in performance for HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 each technique). We encourage the international exchange by attending international conferences, doing experiments(like high energy CRL measure in Petra-III), having short-term visits (like nanoprobe beamline team visit to Diamond). We plan to initiate the large scale visit plan to facilitate the exchange with other light sources. Exchange support from other facilities is deeply welcome. Now we have started the collaboration with Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility on developing instrumentation and joining the commissioning of their phase II beamlines. Action has been taken to concentrate the techniques in every beamlines. Like the hard X-ray high energy resolution beamline, it once had NRS, Raman and RIXS 12 methods. We decided to give up RIXS at least.
Type Description Recommen dations So far BL design efforts have been concentrated mostly on the optical design of the beamlines; a more integrated approach including the design of the end/sample station is necessary to optimize the overall performance of the beamlines The design of the end station is being addressed and integrated into beamline design. Concluding Remarks Out of 15 beamlines, 2 are performance beamlines and 13 are capacity beamline. Need further consideration for the balance between performance and capacity beamlines. Now we have up to 8 performance beamlines, to fully make use of high energy , high coherence and brightness of the HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 Response 13
Summary of authorized changes l ü Optimization in types, period length, magnetic materials, gap l ü Undulator BL & station design Optimization according to scientific scopes & technical reliabilities Ø Details in the reports of BLs HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 14
Status of work progress, schedule Mainly in the optimization of optical designs and key technology R&D l Integrated approach including the design of the end-station, control systems, data management/analysis, safety, etc. l HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 15
International Review of 6 beamlines and Front End: Jan. 1. 14 - Feb. 15 6 Beamlines (High Pressure, Engineering Materials, Low dimensional Probe, XAFS, Tender XAS,Nano-ARPES) and Front End reviewed by experts from synchrotrons (PETRAIII, SPring-8, PF, SLS, Diamond, CLS and SSRF) , institutions and universities. HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 16
BLs design optimization B 5 B 9 BB BC B 2 B 4 B 6 B 8 BA BD B 1 B 3 B 7 BE Name NRS & Raman Low-Dimension Probe Pink SAXS Nano-ARPES Nano-probe Hard X-ray Coherent Scattering High Pressure XAFS μ-Macromolecule Tender spectroscopy Engineering Materials Structural Dynamics Hard X-Ray Imaging Transmission X-ray Microscope HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 Progress Layout optimization according to scientific scopes Layout optimization according to technical conditions Deepening design 17
ID parameters (1) BLs name Positi Beta F. on ID Type B 1 Engineering Materials ID 07 Low B 2 Nano-probe B 3 Structural Dynamics B 4 CPMU Period( mm) 17. 0 Period Number 117 Length( m) 2 2 Peak Field(T) 1. 18 Min. gap(mm) 5. 2 ID 19 Low CPMU 18. 9 158 3 1. 34 5. 2 ID 23 Low CPMU 12. 0 14. 2 166 140 2 2 0. 72 0. 93 5. 2 Hard X-ray ID 09 Low Coherent Scattering CPMU 17. 0 176 3 1. 18 5. 2 Phase Harmonic Total power precisionσϕ(°) order (k. W) 3 5~13 12. 67 gap 5. 2 -6. 9 mm: 3 gap 6. 91~3 24. 43 12. 4 mm: 4 4 1~3 4. 70 4 1~3 7. 83 gap 5. 2 -5. 7 mm: 3 gap 5. 71~3 18. 98 11. 9 mm: 4 gap 5. 2 -5. 9 mm: 4 gap 5. 91~3 19. 51 13. 0 mm: 6 gap 5. 2 -6. 8 mm: 3 3~7 17. 14 gap 6. 8 -8. 0 mm: 4 gap 5. 2 -7. 2 mm: 3 gap 7. 21~11 17. 16 11. 2 mm: 6 --15. 35 B 5 NRS & Raman ID 33 Low IVU(Nd. Fe. B) 18. 6 215 4 1. 04 5. 2 B 6 High Pressure ID 31 Low IVU(Sm. Co) 19. 9 201 4 0. 97 5. 2 CPMU 18. 9 105 2 1. 34 5. 2 80. 0 11 1 1. 80 11. 0 -- -- 15. 35 80. 0 26 2 1. 80 11. 0 -- -- 30. 70 B 7 Hard X-Ray Imaging ID 21 Low BF Test BL PM Wiggler Helical Wiggler ID 42 High Wiggler HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 18
ID parameters (2) BLs name Positi Beta F. on ID Type Period( mm) Period Number Length( m) Peak Field(T) Min. gap(mm) B 8 XAFS ID 46 High IAU 35. 0 141 5 0. 88 11. 0 B 9 Low-Dimension Probe ID 05 Low IVU(Sm. Co) 22. 6 176 4 1. 10 5. 2 IAU 32. 7 151 5 0. 80 11. 0 IAU 25. 0 198 5 0. 54 11. 0 78. 0 63 5 0. 96 11. 0 BM - - - 1. 00 - IAU 32. 7 151 5 0. 80 11. 0 CPMU 22. 3 89 2 1. 10 7. 2 Wiggler 80. 0 26 2 1. 80 11. 0 BA μ-Macromolecule ID 02 High BB Pink SAXS BC Nano-ARPES Tender spectroscopy BD ID 08 High ID 06 High APPLE-KNOT BM 43 - BE TXM ID 30 High BF Test BL ID 42 High HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 Phase Harmonic Total power precisionσϕ(°) order (k. W) 4: gap<=16 mm 1~11 17. 41 6: gap>16 mm 5. 2 -6. 8 mm: 3 6. 8 -7. 8 mm: 4 1~9 21. 92 7. 8 -15. 2 mm: 6 4: gap<=13 mm 1~5 14. 40 6: gap>13 mm 6: gap<=15. 2 mm 1~3 6. 58 10: gap>15. 2 mm 5 1 41. 26 -4: gap<=11. 7 mm 6:gap>11. 7 mm gap 7. 2 -8. 8 mm: 3 gap 8. 8 -9. 8 mm: 4 gap 9. 815. 6 mm: 6 -- -- - 1~5 14. 40 1~11 11. 55 -- 30. 70 19
BL optics component list Monochromator Mirror and other instruments No B 1 ab. EM Mono-V 0 Mono-H 0 Mono-Laue 1 Mono-HR 0 WB Mir 0 B 2 NAMI 0 1 0 0 1 -H B 3 B 4 B 5 B 6 SDB HXCS HX-HERS HPB 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 3 0 1+1 (L 500) 0 1 -VDM 0 Bent Mir/HRM 0 1 -HDM-B; 1 -Bimorph 0 1 -HDM-B L 500 0 0 B 7 HXI 0 0 1 0 B 8 XAS 2 0 0 0 B 9 LODISP 1 0 0 1 -V-WCM (L 600) 1 -H 1 -Filter 1 -VDM-B L 600; 1 -HRM 0 BA MX 0 1 0 0 BB Pink-SAXS 0 0 1 -H 0 BC high-NESS 0 0 1 -V BD TEX 1 0 0 0 BE TXM 1 0 0 0 1 -V 0 6 5 2 3 10 9 Total: 16 HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 1 1 -VDM-B L 1000 1 -V-WCM HRM KB-L Mir 0 KB-S Mir 0 CRL-transfocator 2 0 1 -SL, 1 -ML 1 1 (ML) L 300 1 -ML L 120 0 0 2 0 0 1 -MKB L 200 1 - 1 -L 500 3 1 3 0 0 1 1 -bender 1 0 2 -bender 1 -bender L 300 0 0 1 -switch mirs 0 0 1 0 0 0 7 13 1 -bender L 800 8 47 20
Progress in key techniques DCM design 11 of 16 Monos will be built up in-house (blue background) No. Type Cooling B 2 B 4 B 5 B 6 B 8 B 9 BA BD BE B 1 B 7 B 5 HDCM HCCM VDCM HDMM VDCM QXAFS VDCM HDCM VDCM DLCM HRM x 3 LN 2 LN 2 WATER LN 2 - Crystal type Si<111> Si(111) / Si (311) Si<111> Multilayer Si<111>/Si<311> Si<111> Si<111> Crystal Energy range Distance to Fixed offset pair (ke. V) source (m) (mm) 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 - 5 -25 7 -25 5 -25 20 -40 4. 8 -45 4. 8 -40 5 -18 2. 1 -8 5 -15 50 -170 40 -200 - HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 45 37 40 35 37 50 52 40 37 36. 8 40 44 74 - 20 ~20(CCM) 25 20 ~20(CCM) 20 20 25 20 40 mm 6 -30 - Pitch stability of Roll stability of Heat load 2 nd crystal (nrad) (W) 25 25 100 50 50 50 200 50 50 25 100 50 50 100 100 200 300 100 300 200 142 300 246 145 77. 4 50 100 730 - Power density on crystal surface (W/mm 2) 180 25 50 55 11 29. 4 26. 6 28 8 15 2 - 21
Progress in key techniques DCM design Preliminary designs have already begun VDCM prototype VDCM(update for HEPS) HDCM support redesign (improving the stability) 25 Hz Old support-25 Hz HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 HDMM Laue M. HRM 112 Hz 348% increase in 1 st eigenfrequency 22
Progress in key techniques - stability White-beam mirror cooling design l Ga-In Eutectic: ü Clamping deformation free ü Vibration isolation Water-cooling pipe Coating avoid corrosion and solidification of Ga-In Mirror Ga-In Eutectic p FEA of thermal deformation Thermal deformation meet requirement p. FEA of fluid-solid coupling vibration ØFlow induced vibration ØPressure fluctuation Ongoing Water-cooling pipe HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 23
Progress in key techniques -stability Mirror mechanics design Mirror & Chamber Wedges Jack 2 nd Granite 1 st Granite Grouting Mirror clamping and water-cooling structure Floor Lateral motion guideway Designed generic mirror with 4 degrees of freedom (DOF) HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 Modal analysis: 101 Hz (1 st) 24
Progress in key techniques - stability Building measurement techniques Granite base Hexapod Stability test based on heterodyne interferometer Online test Prototype vibration test 19. 1 n m 18. 4 nm 16. 3 nm Vibration level of direct drive spindle with air bearing Online test in 3 W 1 of BSRF Vibration test by accelerometer Result: Eigenfrq. revealed Ø Ø Laue mono. is running well with cryocooler system(LN cooling) in 3 W 1 IHEP Mono beam at 48. 6 Ke. V and 67 Ke. V DCM prototype and Laue Mono. Prototype vibration test based on accelerometer, and online test HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 25
Progress in key techniques In-house developed Kinoform-lens test @ PETRA III P 07 Design: E=100 ke. V, f=2. 02 m Aperture=480 um, T=38. 22% PETRA III P 07 test Focal spot on CCD Test E = 87. 1 ke. V F = 1. 53 m FWHM: 3. 95μm SEM picture HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 Scan data 26
Schedule HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 ØThe final design will finish in 2020/12/31 and 2021/6/30 ØInstallation will start in 2023/1/3 and 2023/10/2 Ø 913 days of time for procurement 27
Division Organization Engineering and Techniques (8 related systems) Optics Fine Mechanics Front End Insertion Device General Mechanics Beamline Control Beamline Division Data and Computing Beamlines (15 systems) HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 Accelerator Division General Technologies Division B 1 Engineering Materials B 2 Nano. Probe B 14 TXM B 15 Test beamline 28
Staffing Plan The percentage of physicist is high, even thought the number is insufficient Shortage of engineers and technicians, especially senior engineers HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 29
Staffing Plan Physicists Senior Engineers Senior Technicians Junior Engineers Junior Technicians Total 2020 35. 5 22. 3 7. 5 33 3. 8 102. 1 2021 38. 9 29 9 41. 5 5. 9 124. 3 2022 41. 6 33. 5 14. 5 41. 5 12. 9 144 2023 47. 9 36 15. 5 49 21. 5 169. 9 2024 51 33. 3 15. 8 42 15. 5 157. 6 2025 50 31. 6 14. 1 31 19 145. 7 present 45. 7 5. 5 0 17. 5 0 68. 7 The recruitment and training engineer &technician Collaboration with other institutions (Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Machanics and Physics; Xi’an Institute of Optics, Fine Machanics and Physics), universities (Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Tongji University) and companies (SKY Technology Development Co. , Ltd, CAS; KYKY Technology Co. , Ltd) HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 30
Risks and mitigation Probabil Impact Cause or Trigger ity Title Description Stability Instability will degrade photon beam 0. 9 performance in terms of position and intensity Degradation of wavefront influences Wavefront beam quality, especially 0. 7 presevation on nano focusing capability and coherence presveration. HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 Risk Responses FOFB essential for orbit control with XBPM signal as one of the inputs. Feedback of optics expected to be implemented 0. 8 Ground vibration, vibration from optics cooling, temperature fluctuation 0. 8 high performance optics, Distortion of optics due wavefront metrology and to high heatload. Quality correction(like phase plate of optics. and active optics) 31
Title Description Proba Impact Cause or Trigger bility Insertion device Unachievable minimum gap Influences energy range, and flux. Unavailable gap continuous adjustment influence the 0. 5 scanning spectrum experiments. Vacuum degradation results in enhancement of radiation dose. 0. 8 Bunch structure, Bunch purity and Bunch charge Nuclear resonance scattering fails without specific bunch structure and high bunch purity. Low bunch 0. 5 charge compromises single-shot experiment. 0. 8 HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 Risk Responses FOFB essential for orbit control with XBPM signal as one of the inputs. limitation of Feedback of optics dynamic aperture expected to be and impedance and implemented. High vacuum performance coating for magnet piece and redundancy design for vacuum. lack of experience Purification kicker on design and implementation. Higher commissioning on coupling for high bunch new generation charge mode. machine 32
Start Date Proba Impact. Cause or Trigger Risk Responses bility Title Description Procurement High stake of delivery delay for high performance optics influence on the beamline 2021 -01 construction. Embargo on 0. 7 -01 instrumentations, like high speed detectors, limit the performance of beamline. Long-term Sole vendor, like instrumentation 0. 8 JTEC. Political purchase plan. In-house environment development for key instrumentations. Shortage of senior beamline scientists and engineers 2019 -11 influences design optimization 0. 5 -29 and construction of the beamlines lack of attractiveness due to income International and living cost in 0. 8 collaboration to train Beijing. Learning staffs; design outsource curve of young staffs. Politcal tention with US. Manpower HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 33
Value engineering l Unified designs in BL components Ø DCM Ø Mirror Ø Parts of the same/similar specification at BLs and stations The members of engineer team work for different BLs, according to the types of components. l HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 34
Summary The scientific scopes/optic designs of BLs optimized. The performances of BLs greatly improved. l l The designs of BL components have already begun. l The R&D of key technologies progress well. Two batches of BLs. The final design will finish in 2020/12/31 and 2021/6/30 and installation will start in 2023/1/3 and 2023/10/2. l l 913 days of time for procurement. HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 35
Thanks for your attention! HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 36
Appendix 1: Beamline development plan Fields Material Condensed matter Chemistry Biology Meso-scale & Soft matter Total 15 8 9 9 8 Phase I Dynamic & Extreme condition 4 Environment 2 Industry 2 Total (in plan) 2 User/Future 1 Sum 9 8 5 71 20 91 2 1 0 14 l Cover the X-ray experimental techniques and research fields l 48 -7 BA lattice, 40 for users (40 straight sections+40 BMs) l Keep the option of canting (additional 10~20 BLs from straight sections) Ø ~20 vacancies for user-supporting BLs or emerging techniques l The funding profile for BL construction need to be changed HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 37
Material science l Material science is the most important research field of HEPS. l Totally 10~15 BLs are planned. l Phase I: B 1 -Engineering Materials, B 7 -Hard X-ray Imaging, B 9 -Low-Dimension Probe, B 11 -Pink SAXS l Selection: p Material process (several BLs for different processes) p Material in service (corrosion, etc) p Material imaging p 3~5 material genome BL: high through-put p High energy PE p General material (XAS+XRD) p Low-dimensional material spec. (coherence, in situ/in operando, high temperature) HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 38
Condensed matter l Totally 8~10 BLs Phase I: B 5 -NRS&Raman, B 12 -Nano-ARPES p Magnetic Ø XMCD Ø Nano-magnetic p Spectroscopy Ø HR-RIXS Ø Soft X-ray RIXS? Ø IXS Ø X-ray Raman/XAFS Ø High resolution fluorescence and emission spectra p Liquid interface Ø Diffraction/SAXS Ø XPCS/CDI l HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 39
Chemistry l Totally 9~10 BLs l Phase I: B 8 -XAFS, B 14 -TXM l Selection: p In situ XPCS/CDI (for different reaction conditions) p High resolution XAFS/XES p Raman/XAFS (for energy material, e. g. Li battery) p Chemical crystallography (BM) p Catalysis (XAFS/XRD, in situ, for different reaction conditions) p Soft X-ray XAFS/XES? p General XAFS (BM) p General powder diffraction, high resolution (BM) HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 40
Biology l Totally 9~10 BLs l Phase I: B 4 -Coherent scattering, B 10 -MX l Selection p Brain imaging (for mammalian) p Cell imaging p Medicine imaging (tissues, organs) p Animal imaging p Time-resolved MX (serial crystallography) p Time-resolved Laue diffraction p Long-wavelength MX p CDI (cells or organelles) p XPCS (membrane, protein phase separation) HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 41
Meso-scale & Soft matter l Totally 8~9 BLs l Phase I: B 2 -Nanoprobe l Selection: p Time-resolved nano-resolution imaging (transportation of nano-particles) p USAXS (long BL) p General SAXS (BM) p CDI (in situ studying of the growth of nano-particles) p XPCS for self-assembly of nano-structure p Nano-surface (In site surface diffraction/scattering, ambient temperature) p Nano-chemistry (XAFS/imaging, nano-resolution, with mass spectrum) p Nano-probe/EM HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 42
Dynamic & Extreme condition l Totally 9~10 BLs l Phase I: B 3 -Structural Dynamics, B 6 -High pressure Selection p High pressure Ø High pressure spec. Ø Time-resolved HP spec. (EDXAS) Ø HP imaging/coherent imaging Ø LVP p Laser dynamic compression, time-resolved imaging p General time-resolved spec. p Time-resolved XES p Spec. under high magnetic field p Spec. under low temperature l HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 43
Environment l Totally 8~9 BLs l Phase I: B 13 -Tender spectroscopy l Selection: p High-resolution X-ray imaging p Hard X-ray nano-diffraction (for geology, e. g. structure of inclusion bodies) p Medium-energy XAFS (BM) p Chemical analysis for environmental samples (PES, BM) p General XRD (BM) p Element analysis (XRF/XAS for environmental samples) p Environmental XAFS (aqueous/gas phase samples) p 3 D imaging of elements (aqueous/gas phase samples) HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 44
Industry p Metrology (BM) l VUV-soft X-ray: 30 e. V-2 ke. V l Medium-energy X-ray: 1. 6 ke. V- 20 ke. V l Hard X-ray: 10 ke. V-200 ke. V (Wiggler? ) p XRD/XAFS/X-ray Raman for catalyst (coal chemical industry) p Electronic chip detection (ptychography) p LIGA/MEMS HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 45
Schedule of future BLs l l l The funding agency of beamline construction (National Development and Reform Commission) reviews the Large-scale scientific facility construction proposals every 5 years (5 -year plan). The running cost of facility is reviewed every 3 years, after delivery. The construction of new beamlines is NOT supported as a new proposal. It should be a necessary part of operation of a facility, e. g. covered by running cost. Right after the commissioning of storage ring, applying for the phase II beamlines. The Phase I beamlines are in installation, X-ray optic team can start the design of Phase II beamlines. 3 years per phase, 10 -12 beamlines HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 46
Phase II BLs (in plan) Ø Material process Ø Material in service (corrosion) Ø XMCD (refers to POLAR-APSU) Ø High resolution XAFS/XES Ø Raman/XAFS (for energy material, e. g. Li battery) Ø Brain imaging (for mammalian) Ø XPCS for self-assembly of nano-structure Ø HP imaging/coherent imaging Ø Hard X-ray nano-diffraction (for geology, e. g. structure of inclusion bodies) Ø Metrology of Medium-energy X-ray: 1. 6 ke. V- 20 ke. V l The number of ID used not defined yet: depending on the status of storage ring l The proposal have been submitted to CAS. HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 47
Appendix 2: Techniques R&D l Platform of Advanced Photon Source Technology (PAPS) HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 48
PAPS infrastructure construction has been completed, and the infrastructure will be delivered in the first quarter of 2020. After that, the installation of thermostat room and will be started. In July 2020, all professional laboratories will start equipment installation and commissioning. HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 49
R&D objectives for the next few years (2022/2023) Optical technology Metrology:LTP under various working conditions; online metrology; metrology of free-form surface (splicing interferometer) Mirror processing: surface error plane mirror ~0. 1 urad, curved mirror ~0. 5 urad Crystal processing: polishing of CC crystal; bending crystal technology (e. V-me. V) Coating technology: mirror coating; multilayer; MLL Micromachining: Diamond CRL; phase plate; nickel and silicon based kinoform PAD product prototype: low noise, small gap, improve cooling technology Detector technology Software technology 4 -D detector prototype: single photon continuous energy resolution, time resolution <100 ns Small pixel prototype (55 um); Integration PAD prototype; integration/counting hybrid prototype; High energy PAD prototype; SDD array prototype; APD array prototype; Large field imaging detector prototype (10 kx 10 k) CDI, DCT algorithm; Data analysis package for Tomography and Ptychography Workflow & Data Management Tools Developing on-line analysis for XPCS, XES, XRF, … HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 50
Appendix 3: Survey of BL distribution l The parameters of BLs from the websites of facilities l USA, Euro, Japan and mainland of China Total <2 ke. V USA 196 53 EU 237 89 Japan 186 59 Mainland, China 56 21. 1 BSRF: 3 monthes per year. HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 51
BL energy distribution in USA APS ALS NSLS II SSRL CAMD CHESS SURF III Total VUV 0 4 2 0 3 0 7 16 SX 2 20 5 6 1 0 3 37 2 -10 2 4 8 1 5 2 0 22 10 -20 21 14 9. 5 12 2 4. 5 0 63 20 -30 15 1 1. 5 2 0 1. 5 0 21 30 -40 12 1 0 5 0 0 0 18 40 -50 1 0 0. 5 1 0 0 0 2. 5 50 -80 5 1 1 0 0 2 0 9 >80 7 0 0. 5 0 0 7. 5 Total 65 45 28 27 11 10 10 196 HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 52
HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 53
BL energy distribution in Europe ESRF DIAMOND SOLEIL BESSY II PETRA III ANKA ELETTRA DAFNE ALBA SLS MAX IV ASTRID 2 Total VUV 0 2 6 3 0 2 7 2 2 2 1 5 32 SX 1 4 6 15 1 1 8 2 3 8 7 1 57 2 -10 7 6 6 0 2 4 4 0 2 2 1 0 34 10 -20 9 7 2 3 3 5 3 0 2 3 2 0 39 20 -30 4 4 2 1 2 3 3 0 0 1 2 0 22 30 -40 2 3 3 1 0 0 2 2 0 15 40 -50 4 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 13 50 -80 7 1 1 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 13 >80 6 1 1 2 2 0 0 0 0 12 40 29 27 25 17 17 27 4 11 19 15 6 237 Total HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 54
HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 55
BL energy distribution in Japan SPRING-8 New. SUBARU Photon Factory Aichi SRC HSRC Rits SRC UVSOR-III NUSR SAGA-LS Total VUV 1 2 3 0. 5 7 3 9 0. 5 26. 5 SX 4. 5 3. 5 7 4. 5 3. 5 4. 5 1 0. 5 32. 5 2 -10 9. 5 2 16 7 1. 5 3. 5 0. 5 3. 5 1 44. 5 10 -20 11 0. 5 13 3 0 0 0 3 1 31. 5 20 -30 8. 5 0 3. 5 0 0 0 12 30 -40 7 0 1. 5 0 0 0 8. 5 40 -50 3. 5 0 1. 5 0 0 0 5 50 -80 3 0 1 0 0 0 4 > 80 5 1 0. 5 0 0 0 6. 5 Unsure 3 0 3 3 3 2 0 0 1 15 18 15 12 14 8 4 186 56 Total 56 of HEPS IAC, 9 IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 50 2019 HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting
HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 57
BL energy distribution in Mainland, China BSRF NSRL SSRF Total VUV 2 6 3. 8 11. 8 SX 1. 5 4 3. 8 9. 3 2 -10 5. 9 0 9. 1 15 10 -20 3. 8 0 9. 2 13 20 -30 0. 8 0 2. 8 3. 6 30 -40 0 0 0. 8 40 -50 0 0 0. 8 50 -80 0 0 0. 4 >80 0 0 1. 3 Total 14 10 32 56 HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 BSRF only has 3 monthes of beamtime per year 58
HEPS · The 2 nd Meeting of HEPS IAC, IHEP, Dec. 16 -18, 2019 59
- Slides: 59