Beam Instrumentations Requirements for Proton and Electron Beams

Beam Instrumentations: Requirements for Proton and Electron Beams C. Bracco, E. Gschwendtner, B. Goddard, M. Meddahi, A. Petrenko, F. Velotti Acknowledgements: WP 3 and WP 4 members, P. Muggli and A. Caldwell

Outlines Introduction Electron beam line Beam characteristics Lattice Wish list for diagnostics Proton beam line Layout and optics Electron and proton beam integration (side-injection, on-axis injection) Beam characteristics Lattice Wish list for diagnostics Summary

Reminder 7. 16 % Three beams into the game! Phase 1 (2016): protons + laser beam prove SMI Phase 2 (2017): protons + laser + electron beam probe acceleration

Proton and Electron Beam Common beam line last ~4. 4 m before plasma cell C. Magnier, F. Galleazzi

Proton and Electron Beam 10 m s=801 m Off axis!! e 40 mm 20 mm 15 -25 mm Side injection <0. 5 mm p p e 40 mm 10 m 40 mm 24 mm On axis injection

Electron Beam Line Momentum [Ge. V/c] # bunches 10 -20 (nom. 15) 1 p+ per bunch 2. 0 × 109 Current [n. C] 0. 3 Norm. Emittance [mm mrad] F. m. Velotti 2 * On-axis inj * tot. envelope: 2 x Envelope Hor/Ver beam pipes Ø: 15 -25 mm e- Quads inside the connection tunnel Final triplet ep+

Electron Beam Line Emittance measurement at beginning of the line 1. 2. 3. 6. 6 of them in the common part with p+ Momentum measurements 5. Available space (~50 cm) between elements in the connection tunnel Vertical dispersion non-zero Beam size at the plasma cell BPMs for correction assuming 1 vs 1 strategy 14 (1 per quad) + 2 before the plasma cell 4. F. m. Velotti Spectrometer at the end of RF gun? At one of the h-bends? Bunch length measurements Current measurements

Electron Beam Line Emittance measurement at beginning of the line 1. 2. 3. 6. 6 of them in the common part with p+ Measurements Momentum measurements 5. Available space (~50 cm) between elements in the connection tunnel Vertical dispersion non-zero Beam size at the plasma cell BPMs for correction assuming 1 vs 1 strategy 14 (1 per quad) + 2 before the plasma cell 4. F. m. Velotti Precision Position +/- 200 Atmm Connection tunnel Spectrometer. Emittance at the end of RF gun? one of the h-bends? Bunch length. Beam measurements size +/- 50 mm Current measurements Beam position +/- 200 mm Momentum Current Before plasma cell +/- 50 mm @ quads and before plasma cell +/- 7. 5 ke. V horizontal bends < 1% Before/after plasma cell

Proton Beam CNGS AWAKE Nominal Setup Momentum [Ge. V/c] 400 400 # bunches 2100 1 1 1. 05 × 1010 3 × 1011 5 × 109 Repetition rate [s] 6 30 --- Norm. Emittance [mm mrad] ~8 2 -3. 5 1 -2 p+ per bunch Diagnostics for single bunches! ~74 times lower intensity than CNGS Specifications (based on LHC TL and Hi. Rad. Mat requirements) for the unchanged part of the beam line (everything installed upstream of BTVG. 412108) : • • BPM: • 0. 2 mm total accuracy • Resolution: 0. 1 mm (within 20 mm radius) BCT: • 1 ->2% absolute precision BTV: • Beam size precision: 0. 1 mm BLM: • Detect local loss of 5 e 8 charges

Changes in the Proton Beam Line ~ 90 m Instrumentation presently installed: BTVG. 412108 BPG. 412211 BLM. 412243 BPG. 412321 Possible to reuse? (provided required modifications) BPG. 412424 BTVG. 412424 BFCT. 412425 BTVG. 412434 BLMr. 412445/BLMl. 412445 BPG. 412444 Target Area (not possible to reuse) BTV. 412445 BPKG. 412449

BPG BPG BPG What is Needed in the “New Line”?

BPG BPG What is Needed in the “New Line”?

Proton and Laser Beam BPG new BPG Plasma cell ± 8 mm Lase r BPG new BPG ot Not Pr n ~7 realmm (it musto be > 5 mm!) bottle ± 6 mm neck

BPG BPG BPG What is Needed in the “New Line”?

Required Pointing Accuracy

Beam Envelope at BPMs s** [m] Tot. Env. X [mm] Tot. Env. Y [mm] Beam Pipe [mm] Accuracy [mm] BPG. 412211 749. 420 16. 5 31. 1 60 0. 2 BPG. 412321 777. 575 24. 0 14. 0 50* 0. 2 BPG. 412424 785. 025 15. 0 13. 9 50* 0. 2 BPG. 412 xxx 788. 025 13. 2 12. 3 50* 0. 2 BPG. 412 xxx 798. 825 7. 0 6. 7 40 0. 05 BPG. 412 xxx 805. 325 4. 8 20/40*** 0. 05 BPG. 412 xxx 815. 825 9. 2 8. 3 40 0. 05 BPG. 412 xxx 822. 825 13. 4 12. 0 40 0. 05 Interlocked! Downstream of plasma cell Extraction from SPS must be stopped if beyond tolerances: 100 mm and 15 mrad ** end position * 50 mm (inner diameter) vacuum chamber for new B 190 dipoles, to be checked if still compatible with 60 mm aperture at BPMs (J. Hansen) *** side injection/ on axis injection

BTV BTV BTV What is Needed in the “New Line”?

Proton Beam Line Optics Requirements Round beam with a beam size @ plasma cell entrance 1 s = 200 ± 20 mm Achieved: 1 s = 202 mm

Beam Envelope at BTVs S [m] Tot. Env. X [mm] Tot. Env. Y [mm] Beam Pipe [mm] Accuracy [mm] BTV. 412108 740. 215 13. 2 30. 6 60 0. 2 BTV. 412 xxx 804. 675 4. 8 20/40* <0. 05 BTV. 412 xxx 820. 675 12. 1 10. 8 40 <0. 05 Position and beam size measurements Downstream of plasma cell The last two BTVs have to be used also for the proton and laser beam setup (position: two beams coaxial) a screen has to be added for the laser beam (reduced power during setup, see Mikhail’s talk) The Monitor downstream can be used also for the e-beam * side injection/ on axis injection

BLM @ location of vertical bottleneck (5 e 8 charges) BCT: 1 -2% absolute precision BCT BLM What is Needed in the “New Line”?

Summary 1/2 Electron beam line: Completely new diagnostics to measure: Emittance Energy Beam size @ plasma cell Beam position Bunch length Current Proton beam line: Adapt existing diagnostics for AWAKE operation (1 bunch) up to BTVG. 412108 (excluded) + reuse part of remaining diagnostics Five additional BPM Two additional monitors for beam size measurements of the p beam and position measurements for p and laser

Summary 1/2 Main challenges: Coexistence of the e an p beams Reduced beam pipe diameters (15 -24 mm) Almost no space around the beam pipes in common part of the lines (we’ll try to optimize the lattice): How to implement pickups for position measurements? How to perform beam profile measurements? Required very high accuracy in position measurements for p and laser beam Low electron energy and current The option of having a unique design for on axis and side-injection is being evaluated: double diagnostics at the end of the line…. .