Beam Connections Beam to Post Post to Base
Beam Connections Beam to Post & Post to Base Details
Beam Connections u Beam connections involve a condition where a uniformly distributed load is concentrated through a beam/column condition, then to a pad of concrete (FTG) & subsequently distributed to the ground
Factors Influencing Beam Connections u Weight (LL & DL) – most important – based on tributary area & load u Wind Loads u Seismic Loads u Snow Loads u Material Type – wood, steel, masonry » length influences bending BENDING
Hole Placement for Columns/Beams u Distance Equals: u 7 x diameter – to end u 4 x diameter – to edge u 4 x diameter – between holes
Maximum Hole Size for Beams u Maximum Hole Size Equals = 1/5 width or height of beam X = width or height of beam
Uplift u Any overhang (including an open garage) is subject to UPLIFT from the wind – can’t rely on weight of structure alone to hold in place u To prevent UPLIFT: – metal post caps and metal post base » Post cap means to bolt beam to column » Post base means to bolt column to footing in ground – hurricane clips and seismic ties » metal angles to attach truss/rafter to wall framing
Post Caps u Used to connect or provide a transition of loads between columns and beams u Engineered to withstand uplift and lateral forces – forces or loads are measured in KIPS = 1000 lbs u Three structural divisions of post caps (metal gauge of caps are different, designs similar) – 1) heavy weight – 2) medium – 3) lightweight
Beam Conditions and Post Cap Designs u. Connection 1 --Beam at end or corner u. Connection 2 --Continuous beam u. Connection 3 --Spliced beam u. Connection 4 --Four-way beam intersection u. Connection 5 --Tee and Ell brackets
Common Post Caps (Connection 1) u. Beam at end or corner
Common Post Caps (Connection 2) u. Continuous beam
Common Post Caps (Connection 3) u. Spliced beam
Common Post Caps (Connection 4) u 4 -way beam intersection
Common Post Caps (Connection 5) u Tee’s & Ell’s brackets u Connection types – continuous, splice, end
Post Bases u Used to connect posts to the concrete base below u Usually metal u A wide variety of types u Selection depends upon – 1) Size and material of column – 2) Environment (dry or wet) – 3) Weight or loads upon column
Post Connections and Post Base Designs u Connection 1 --Pocket design, welded plates and angles – Simple post base u Connection 2 --Angle straps with shear plates u Connection 3 --”U” shaped anchor strap u Connection 4 --Clip angles
Common Post Bases (Connection 1) u Pocket design, Simple Post Base – welded steel plates – column inside – preset anchor bolts – vent for moisture
Common Post Bases (Connection 2) u Angle Strap with Shear Plates – shear plates » prevent splitting – bearing plate – metal straps – anchor bolts
Common Post Bases (Connection 3) u Anchor strap – U-shape – preset in concrete – most common
Common Post Bases (Connection 4) u Clip angles and bearing plate
Additional Post Base Connections u Adjustable Elevated Heavy Section
Detailing Beam/Column/Footing Connections u Detailer must know – size of beam – size of column/post – type of post cap – size/number/location of bolts – Material type » wood, steel, concrete, or masonry – Height of column – Type of post base – Soil bearing capacity – Footing size
Detailing Beam/Column/Footing Connections u Standard Tables or Manufacturer’s are literature used to find acceptable load vs column height Examples: Height Size Loads 4’ 4 x 4 14, 700 lb 8’ 4 x 4 8, 304 lb
Pipe Column u Commonly used to support beams u May be fixed length or adjustable u Cap & Bearing plate usually are welded to pipe column u Attach to footing pedestal via anchor bolts u Dry Pack – moist cement between bearing plate & footing pedestal to assure perpendicularity
Pipe Column Callout u 3” PIPE COLUMN 7. 58#, meaning: – 3” = nominal pipe diameter – 7. 58# = weight/foot – a 6 ft length would weigh 45. 48 lbs and would carry 38 kips (see table pg 411) New Notation 3” x 7. 58 PIPE COLUMN Old Notation
Masonry Columns u Used in same manner as wood/steel columns u Design Rules – unsupported, reinforced masonry columns not to exceed 10 times smallest cross-sectional dimension – hollow unsupported masonry columns not to exceed 4 times smallest cross-sectional dimension – joints should “lap” normally, no vertical joints u Examples: 16”x 16”reinforced column max height = 10 x 16 =13. 3 ft (10 x 16” = 160”/12 = 13. 3 ft) – 24”x 24” hollow column max height = 4 x 2 = 8 ft
Masonry Columns u Note steel saddle to connect beam to concrete u Reinforcing & grout in cavity
Pilaster u. A “column” built into masonry wall u for beam support u used to give lateral support to wall
ASSIGNMENT u Develop the following details for sheet S-3 u 1/S-3 wall to truss connection (use a simpson H 1 anchor) u 2/S-3 shear wall detail (1/2” plywd on 1 side of prefab truss and interior shear wall, be sure that the truss is directly over the shear wall u 3/S-3 2”x 6” block between trusses at walls u 4/S-3 Simpson strap LSTA 24 each side of ridge on 5/8” gyp brd w/ 20 ga sht mtl 8’on 8’ off ridge use (2) rows 6 d nails 5” o. c. u 5/S-3 Use a simpson strap LSTA 24 on each side
Drafting Exercise Pipe Column Detail u Change pipe column callout to new notation – 3” X 7. 58 PIPE COLUMN u Add callout for rebar in footing – 2 -#4 REBAR EACH WAY u Add 3/4” fiber expansion board between concrete walk and footing pedestal u Scales as shown in text u Pipe Column to Beam Detail
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