Basketball Study Guide History l l l Basketball

Basketball Study Guide

History l l l Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith in 1891 in Springfield, Massachusetts. Dr. Naismith was a college professor who wanted to create a game that his physical education classes could play inside during the long winters. The first games used peach baskets nailed to the wall for rims. The first ball used was a soccer ball.

The Game l l Basic Rules of Basketball The object of a basketball game is to score points by making field goals or free throw shots. There are two opposing team, each with five players. A game commences with a jump ball at the court center, wherein each of the teams vie for ball possession. Each team then tries to recover the ball, makes a series of passing moves, and makes shots within shooting range at their designated baskets –circular hoops and net positioned at each ends of the court. The regulation distance from the ground to the top of the hoop (rim/basket) is 10 feet for all levels of play. The opposing team, on the other hand, tries to block the shots to prevent the ball from going into the basket and attempts to recover the ball. A varsity high game consists of four 8 minute quarters. A college game consists of two 20 minute halves.

Scoring A field goal (basket) scores two points if shot inside the 3 point line/arc (19’ 9”). If shot behind the 3 point line the basket is worth 3 points l A free throw is worth 1 point l

Team/Positions 5 players l 1) Point Guard l 2) Shooting Guard l 3) Small Forward l 4) Power Forward l 5) Center l

Court Dimensions

Court Terminology

Definition of Terms l l l Backcourt- the area from the midcourt line to the end line (baseline) furthest from the offense’s basket Bank shot- a shot where the ball is first bounced off the backboard at such an angle that it then drops into the basket Blocking- the use of a defender’s body position to illegally prevent an opponent’s advance Dead ball- any ball that is not live, occurs after each successful field goal or free throw attempt, after any official’s whistle or if the ball leaves the court. It stops play which is then resumed by a jump ball, throw in, or free throw Defensive team- the team that does not have the ball and is trying to prevent the other team from scoring

Definition of Terms l l l Dribbling- when a player repeatedly pushes, taps, or bats the ball towards the ground with one hand. Used to advance the ball or keep control of it Frontcourt- the area between the midcourt line and the end line (baseline) closest to the offense’s basket Free throw- an unguarded shot taken from the free throw line (15 feet from the backboard). Free throws are awarded to an offensive player who was fouled while in the act of shooting by a defensive player or if the foul occurred in the “bonus”

Definition of Terms l Offensive team- the team in possession of the ball and is trying to score l Traveling- when a player takes more than 1. 5 steps without dribbling the basketball. This is a violation which awards the defensive team possession of the ball

Violations l Violation- an infraction of the rules that does not involve personal contact with the opponent or unsportsmanlike conduct l When a violation occurs the ball is called dead and rewarded to the opposing team for a throw in from the sideline nearest where the violation occurred

Violation Examples l l l l Traveling Double dribble Carry/Palming the basketball Stepping on the sideline while in possession of the ball 5 seconds holding the ball 10 seconds in the backcourt 3 seconds in the lane (offensive player) Over & back

Fouls l l l Foul- an infraction of the rules that involves personal contact with the opponent or unsportsmanlike conduct If a player is fouled while in the act of shooting the ball he/she is rewarded free throws- 2 free throws if the shot did not go in, 1 free throw if the shot went in Each player is allowed 5 personal fouls. The player is ejected from the game on the 5 th foul committed.

Fouls l l “Bonus”- When a team has committed their 7 th team foul in a half, the opponent is in the “bonus. ” The player who was fouled is given a 1&1 free throw opportunity. In a 1&1 free throw if the first free throw is made the shooter is given a second free throw attempt “Double Bonus”- After the 10 th team foul in a half the opponent is in the “double bonus” where the opponent’s player who was fouled is given a 2 free throw opportunity

Foul Examples l l l l Blocking Holding Pushing Blocking Charging- an offensive foul which occurs when an offensive player runs into a defender who has established position Tripping Reach in

Basic Skills Dribbling l Shooting l Rebounding l Defense l Passing l l Chest pass l Bounce pass l Overhead pass