Basics of Geography Unit 1 The 5 Themes

Basics of Geography Unit 1

The 5 Themes of Geography

What is Geography? • Greek: geographia – “_____” • Study of the distribution and interaction of _______ and _______ features on the earth • _____ are the #1 tool of a geographer

The 5 Themes of Geography • • • __________ _________

Location • “Where is it? ” • _______ – Exactly where a place can be found – Compass directions, latitude, longitude • _______ – Describes a place in comparison to other places around it

Place • “What is it like? ” • _______ features and ______ characteristics of a location • Physical features: – _______________ • Cultural features: – _______________

Region • “How are places similar/different? ” • Area of earth’s surface with similar characteristics. – Physical, political, economic, cultural • __ types of regions: – _______________

Region • _____: – Continental area and similar cultural styles • Latin America: where its located on the globe, language, religion, etc. • South Carolina: Mostly Christian, Republican, have specific laws regarding issues that apply only to SC citizens (taxes, education, marriage)

Region • ______: – Interactions and connections between places – Usually involves a hub and then links places to that • Newspaper region • Television region

Region • ______: – How people perceive the region in some way – Cultural • Dialect: – y’all vs. you guys vs. you’uns – Shopping cart vs. buggy

Human-Environment Interaction • “How do people relate to the physical world? ” • People ____ what their environment offers them and ______ the environment to meet their ______.

Movement • “How do people, goods, and ideas move from one location to another? ” • How things move from place to place – How/why people ____ – Where _______ come from – How/why does _____

The Geographer’s Tools

Maps and Globes • ______: 3 -D representation of the earth • ______: 2 -D representation of the earth’s surface – _________

Must Know Information About Maps!!!

Scale • The scale of a map shows the distance and detail of an area. • _____: large area, not much detail – Ex: Map of the country • _____: small area, lots of detail – Ex: Map of your house

Scale • ____: – 1: 10, 000 • One inch = 10, 000 miles • ________: – One inch is equal to ten thousand miles

Types of Maps • Physical maps: show _____ • Political maps: show features that are _____ • Topographic maps: show landforms in a ____ version

How to Read a Map • Compass Direction: __________ – Absolutely necessary to navigate!!

How to Read a Map • Latitude Lines: these lines show direction _____ and _____ of the ______. – Run ______ across a map – Sometimes called _____ – 0 degrees to 90 degrees (north and south)

How to Read a Map • Longitude Lines: these lines show direction ____ and ____ of the ______. – Run ____ across a map – Sometimes called _____ – 0 degrees to 180 degrees (east and west)

The Earth: Now and Then

Earth’s Continents

How Has the Earth Changed? • Continental Drift – Alfred Wegner (1912) – Earth was once a ______ that divided and drifted apart over millions of years

Plate Tectonics • _____ boundary-plates move apart, spreading horizontally • _____ boundary- plates collide, causing either one to dive under the other or the edges of both to crumple • _____ boundary- plates slide past one another