Basics of Biology Unit 1 Biology Basics Lab

Basics of Biology Unit 1: Biology Basics

Lab Safety Review Can be broken down into 5 rules 1. Dress for lab 2. Wear proper PPE 3. Follow proper chemical storage and handling. 4. Know where and how to use safety equipment. 5. Follow proper laboratory behavior

Lab Safety Review Clicker Question! Categorize this rule into one the five rules of lab safety. “Never add a chemical back to it’s original container after removing the chemical from its original container. ” A. Dress for lab. B. Wear Correct PPE C. Chemical Safety B. C. D. Knowledge of Safety Equipment E. Proper Laboratory Behavior

Lab Safety Review Dress for Lab Close toed shoes Long baggy clothing No dangling jewelry No rips, holes, or tears in shirt or pants Long pants

Lab Safety Review Wear correct PPE: Personal Protective Equipment Examples: Gloves Goggles Lab coat or apron

Lab Safety Review Follow chemical safety storage and handling Read SDS (Safety Data Sheets) Provides information on how to safely store and handle the chemical. Possible hazards associated with said chemical Never use a chemical if you’re unsure of how to handle it Consult the teacher or the SDS if you have a question

Lab Safety Review Be knowledgeable on Safety Equipment Know safety equipment is located Know how to use safety equipment Examples of Safety Equipment Fire Extinguisher: PASS (Pull, Aim, Squeeze, and Sweep) Eye wash: 15 -20 minutes minimum Safety Shower: remove contaminated clothing while in the shower Fire Blanket: only place on a person once the person is on the ground. Never wrap someone standing!

Lab Safety Review Propper Laboratory Behavior No eating or drinking in lab No horseplay No practical jokes Use common sense!

Biology Basics Three Branches of Science Earth Geology, meteorology, astrology, oceanography Physical Chemistry and physics Life Biology

Clicker Question! What is not one of the main three branches of science A. Earth A. B. Chemical D. Physical C. Life E. I don’t know

Biology Basics Biology Latin roots Bio ~life Ology ~the study of The science that studies life and living things, including the laws that govern the events of life

Biology Basics: Branches of Biology Botany – plants and their life cycles Zoology – animals and their life cycles Anatomy- body structures and parts Physiology- functions of body systems Embryology- embryo development in plants and animals Genetics- the study of genes and heredity in living organisms Phylogeny- origins and relationships among living things Also called evolution. Ecology- environmental relationships among plants and animals

Biology Basics: Level of Organization Organism: a whole, “complete” living thing comprised of interdependent parts. A being. Microorganism: Organisms too small to see by the unaided human eye. Often referred to as microbes. Divided into two main groups Unicellular Multicellular

Biology Basics: Level of Organization Unicellular Organism Made up of only one cell Uni ~ one Most common form of life Dominate life on Earth More numerous and found in more locations

Biology Basics: Level of Organization Multicellular Organism Made up of more than one cell multi ~ more than one Great variety among multicellular organisms Exhibit cell specialization Cells that vary in structure and function Why is this important?

Biology Basics: Level of Organization

Levels of Organization Atoms…………………. . smallest unit of an element that still exhibits properties of that element Molecules……………. . smallest particle in a chemical element or compound that has the chemical properties of that element or compound Tissues………………. . . a group of similar cells Organs…………………groups of tissues that work together to perform a specific function Organ Systems………. groups of organs that work together to perform a specific function Organism……………. . . an individual living thing

Levels of Organization Population…………Groups of organisms of one type that live in the same area. Community……. . …Populations that live together in one defined area. Ecosystem…………. a community and its nonliving surroundings Biome……………. …a group of ecosystems that have the same climate and dominate communities Biosphere………. . …the part of Earth in which life exists including land, water, and air or atmosphere.

Clicker Question! Place the following in order from smallest to largest. organism, population, biome, community, tissue, organ system A. B. C. D. community, organ system, biome, tissue, population, organism community, tissue, organ system, organism, population, biome Tissue, organ system, organism, population, community, biome Tissue, organ system, organism, community, population, biome

Levels of Organization

Levels of Organization

Levels of Organization

Levels of Organization

Levels of Organization

Levels of Organization

Levels of Organization

Levels of Organization

Scientific Method 1. Make Observations 2. State a problem Be specific. 3. Conduct background research Examine primary, secondary, and tertiary sources Primary: Research Articles written by the scientist who conducted the research Secondary: Reviews of primary sources, use other scientists information. Did not conduct the preliminary research Tertiary: Provide an overview of known information. (textbooks etc. )

Scientific Method 4. Form a hypothesis An educated guess or a possible solution to the problem The answer can be incorrect 5. Develop and conduct an experiment Test hypothesis Use control groups Only change one variable at a time Controlled variable: variable held the constant Independent variable: variable that is changed Dependent variable: the variable being measured.

Scientific Method 6. Collect and analyze date Data are pieces of information recorded during an experiment or survey Observations must be measureable 7. Organize and analyze data Classify data into logical order or groups Determine what the data is saying What does the data reveal?

Scientific Method 8. Make a conclusion It may support or negate the hypothesis 9. Verify the conclusion Repeat the experiment to get a similar result The results might not always be the same What does this mean? Publish the hypothesis and experimental data Allows other scientists to test and reproduce your data What reasons would other scientists want to and not want to test your data?

Scientific Method 10. Evaluate the conclusion in light of God’s truth What limits science? Science must be observable, measurable, and repeatable! God does not have to follow the man’s laws Look to scripture to verify Psalm 111: 2 ESV Great are the works of the Lord, studied by all who delight in them.

Characteristics of Life Made up of cells Organized pattern Can reproduce Exhibit hereditability: based on a genetic code Grow and develop Obtain and use materials and energy: metabolism Comes from other living things Comes from preexisting life Responds to stimuli Maintains homeostasis Adapts or dies

Metric System Scientists use the metric system when collecting data and performing experiments Based on a decimal system You can change between prefixes simply by moving the decimal place in most situations Common types of measurements: Length, volume, mass Each type of measurement uses the same prefixes

Metric System