Basic Plant Parts Roots Stems Leaves Flowers Basic
Basic Plant Parts Roots Stems Leaves Flowers
Basic Plant Parts ROOTS
Plant Classifications ► Angiosperm: ► Ex: produces seeds enclosed in a fruit corn, deciduous trees § 1. Monocot: one seed leaf (cotyledon) ► ex. Corn, grass § 2. Dicot: two seed leaves ► ex. Beans, trees ► Gymnosperms: ► Ex: produces seeds enclosed in cones evergreen and pine trees
Root Functions ► Absorption of water and nutrients § (root hairs take up oxygen and water and it is transported through the xylem tissue in the plant) ► Transportation of water and nutrients to stem ► Anchor plant to maintain stability ► Stores food and water
Root System ► Primary root: short-lived, develops from embryo ► Secondary root: branches from primary root, fibrous root, becomes primary root ► Root hairs: extensions reach between soil particles; absorbs water and nutrients; needs care when transplanting
Parts of Roots ► Root hairs - site of absorption, one-celled, white, fuzzy hair-like growths that develop near the end of the root branches ► Root tip - where the root grows in length (4 to 6 cm of the “free end”) ► Root cap - provides protection for the root tip ► Epidermis - the outermost layer of cells ► Cortex: - undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells arise at the tips of roots (under root cap)
Root Hairs on a Tomato Plant
Parts of Roots ► Growing point - just back of the root cap where active cell division ► Vascular tissue - is within the cortex, contains cells which transport water, nutrients, and minerals to all parts of the plant. ► Elongation region - where rapid growth in the length of the root takes place. ► Region of maturation - lies behind the growing point and is where secondary roots emerge.
Types of Root Systems ► 1. Taproots: primary roots; reach deep into soil § ex. Carrot, dandelions, oak ► 2. Fibrous: no real primary roots; many fine roots, spread out at soil surface § ex. Annuals, grasses, shrubs ► 3. Fleshy: become food reservoirs, store surplus food § ex. Carrots, turnips, beets
Tomato Root (from seed)
- Slides: 13