Basic Mapping Skills By Ms Sally Johnson Education

Social Studies Map Skills Session • OBJECTIVES 1. To focus on basic mapping skills tested. 2. To present an outline of Map Skills that are tested. 3. To demonstrate basic mapping skills technique use to foster mastery of BJC examination map skills.

Geography Tools Maps and globes are representations of the world created by people called cartographers to help other people navigate the world. Both Maps and Globes contain information tailored to a specific purpose. However a map is a flat replica of the earth whereas the globe is a round or spherical replica of the earth

UNDERSTANDING Basic Mapping To read a map you need to understand the different parts. Which consist of the following: • Compass directions, • Map key/ Legend • Scale. • Title • Grid References You need to be able to find features when given a map reference. You also need to be able to describe a feature's location on a map by giving a map reference.

KINDS OF MAPS A road map, for example, contains information that helps the reader get from one place to another using a vehicle. The maps found in a geographical atlas will contain information of less interest to a road user, such as how the land in a place is used, the population density and the political boundaries that exist between regions, states and nations. The Main kinds of maps used are: q Physical Maps q Political Maps q Topographic/ Contour Maps q Thematic Maps

Understanding Basic Mapping Skills Map Symbols Map Key Just like a key to a door, the key on a map helps you to unlock the information stored in the colours and symbols on a map. You must understand how the key relates to the map before you can unlock the information it contains. The key will help you to identify types of boundaries, roads, buildings, agriculture, industry, places of interest and geographical features.

Putting it Together!! ld u o sh / w o h ey K y l t p c Exa e a Ma d? I us Legen

Reading Map Symbols Instructions : Help Guide Mingo to the islands safely using the various symbols shown. Locate the name symbols on the map then drag them in the box next to their names. Map KEY/ Legend Hotel Cruise port Pine forest Lighthouse *Airport

Understanding Compass Directions Compass directions are vital for finding your way around a map. There are many ways to remember where each direction goes. You probably learnt a rhyme or a phrase to help you remember - if not, here's one now. Starting at the top and moving clockwise the directions on a compass or map are: Intermediate Points North - Never East - Ever South - Smoke West - Weed Cardinal Points Sixteen Points

Compass Bearings The bearing of a point is the number of degrees in the angle measured in a clockwise direction from the north line to the line joining the centre of the compass with the point. A bearing is used to represent the direction of one point relative to another point. An azimuth bearing uses all 360° of a compass to indicate direction. The compass is numbered clockwise with north as 0° or 360° , east 90°, south 180°, and west 270°. Example a bearing of 42° would be northeast and a bearing of 200° would be southwest, and so on.

Putting it Together!! ld u o sh w o h to ? y e l l t a s c Exa Map sc stance I Di e r su Mea

Putting it to practice Place Compass Directions Compass Bearings Museum Train Station School. Instructions Look at the picture diagram then figure out both Supermarket to the compass direction as well as the train station the Compass bearings for the following Amusement Park to Home Beach to the Zoo

Understanding Scale & Distances The scale of a map allows a reader to calculate the size, height and dimensions of the features shown on the map, as well as distances between different points. The scale on a map is the ratio between real life sizes and how many times it has been shrunk to fit it on the map.

Putting it Together!! ld u o sh w o h to ? y e l l t a s c Exa Map sc stance I Di e r su Mea

Help Mingo get across to Blue Lagoon to Meet His Friends Mingo has reached the Ferry Terminal and is the perched on the top of the boat waiting for other passengers to board On the way Mingo saw two of his friends perched at two important stops on the way. Place Instructions : Help Guide Mingo to the islands safely using Map Scale distances. Click on in the space Map Distances in km/m to reveal possible answers. Click on Mango to guide you 1. Ferry Terminal to Paradise Drive Approx. 4 miles 2. Paradise Drive to the Cloisters Approx. 2. 9 miles 3. The Cloisters to Honey Moon Beach? Approx. 3. 2 miles 4. Honey Moon Beach to Dolphin Encounters? Approx. 3. 8 miles *The entire Journey Approx. 13. 9 miles • Now what is the actual distance in real life ? ____________

Main / important Town Settlements 79˚ 80˚ 78˚ 76˚ 77˚ 74˚ 75˚ 73˚ 27˚ 6 Alice Town 26˚ Great Harbour Cay 5 Nicholas Town Governors Harbour 25˚ Arthurs’ Town 4 Cockburn Town 24˚ Port Nelson Capital 3 George Town Settlements 23˚ Colonel Hill Abrahams, Bay Spring Point Duncan Town 2 22˚ 1 Matthew Town A B C D E F G H I

How to locate places using grid references? Mathematics X Axis Y Axis Numbers and letters are used on the grid to name the block or square. Numbers are found to the letters and/or right using the Alpha Numeric Grid. Letters are found at the top and /or bottom NOTE You can find something on a grid by going down the corridor and up the stairs. Geography Eastings Northings

Map Grids Before we can locate places using both latitude and longitude we must first understand how grid works, since both latitude and longitude lines come together to form the earth’s grid system. Map grids are drawn on maps to help mapmakers find the exact location of a place. A grid is a system of horizontal and vertical lines that cross each other to form squares. The squares are labeled with letters from left to right and numbers from top to bottom. That way, each square has its own number/ letter combination. 5 4 3 2 1 A B C D In Which Grid Block is the following located ? Ship_________ Cave. _________ Island__________ Mountain_________ Cay __________ E

Introduction to Reading Grid References OS maps are divided into numbered squares. These squares can be used to give a place a four or six-figure grid reference. It is important that you know both four-figure and six-figure grid references. Easting's ( Longitude ) Easting's are lines that run up and down the map. They increase in number the further you move east (or right). You can use them to measure how far to travel east. Northings ( Latitude) Northings are lines that run across the map horizontally. They increase in number the further you move north (or up the map). You can use them to measure how far to travel north. Remember: numbers along the bottom of the map come first and the numbers up the side of the map come second the four-figure reference refers 1201 to the square to the six-figure reference 125601 will give you the exact point. Give the for figure grid for each feature below. Lake_______ Church_______ Marsh _______

ow n k you de & o d at Latitu es? h W ut in L o e ab gitud Lon Latitude Divides the earth into two halves called Northern and Southern Hemispheres The Equator divides the earth into two halves Longitude Lines divides the earth into Eastern & Western Hemispheres The Prime Meridian /Greenwich Meridian divides the earth into two halves

Its all about Coordinates Mingo is taking a tour of Blue Lagoon Island along with some Tourists. Mingo decided to follow the Blue Lagoon Boat by perching on top of it. On the way Mingo saw two of his friends perched at two important stops on the way. Instructions : Help guide Mingo to the island safely using Coordinates and Compass Directions. Click on in the space to reveal possible answers. 77. 3 1◦ 77. 3 0◦ 77. 2 6◦ Place Latitude Longitude 25. 085◦N 77. 304◦W Direction Riu Hotel Click on Mango to guide you 25. 0 9◦ Ferry Terminal 25. 065◦N Fort Montagu 25. 08◦ Honey Moon Cove Beach Dolphin Encounters 25. 05◦ NE 77. 317◦W 25. 051◦N 77. 284◦W 25. 061◦N 77. 255◦W 25. 091◦N SW S E 77. 304◦W NE

Putting it Together!! how y l e ct Exa ld I us u sho tude & i Lat gitude Lon es? Lin Instructions: Uses latitude and Longitude coordinates to plot the location of islands on the Map Place Latitude Longitude Bimini 25. 9◦N 79. 5◦W Grand Bahama 26. 9◦N 79. 9◦W Exuma _________ Abaco __________

Exam Tips Loyalists Settlements Make sure that you know how to interpret different types of map. Read keys and grid references carefully. When drawing maps be sure to include the following: v a Title - stating what the map shows (e. g. map Showing Loyalists Settlements v a Key - so the reader knows what the symbols on the map represent v Compass points - showing which way is up (North) v a Scale - so the reader can translate distances shown on the map into distances on the ground Loyalists Settlements

Social Studies Map Skills Session 1. What is the direction of Bullocks Harbour, Berry Islands from Nassau, New Providence? North West 2. Name one island located at 25° latitude. Eleuthera, Andros, New Providence 3. Which settlement is located at 23. 1 ° N, 74. 9° W? Clarence Town Long Island 4. What is the map distance in miles from Marsh Harbour, Abaco to Governors’ Harbour , Eleuthera 106 miles 5. Which island is located in Block E 6 Eleuthera

SECTION B COMPLETION MAP WORK (10 Marks) Instructions: Look at the map of The Bahamas then complete the following questions using The and your knowledge of basic mapping skills 1. The most westerly island in The Bahamas is located in Square B 6 2. The main Island located at 23 ½˚ N and 75. 5˚W is ___________ 3. The distance of Nicholls Town, Andros from Marsh Harbour, Abaco is ________miles 4. On the map, the symbol to represents ___________ is used 5. The 78˚W longitude line passes through which two islands ________ 6. The body of water that lies between Abaco and Eleuthera is called 7. The bank which extends from C 7 to D 7 is called the __________ 8. The deepest body of water located east of Andros __________ 9. The direction of the settlement Alice Town Bimini to Matthew Town Inagua is 10. The distance from Abraham’s Bay, Mayaguana to Clarence Town, Long Island is ______miles