Basic First Aid CHAPTER 1 Anatomy And Patient
Basic First Aid
CHAPTER 1 Anatomy And Patient
Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient l The urgent need to treat life-threatening situations makes it the responsibility of everyone to be able to give proper emergency care until the victim is transported to a medical facility. l First aid does not replace the physician, but it protects the victim until medical assistance can be obtained. One of the first principles of first aid is to obtain medical assistance in all cases of serious injury. Even minor on-the-job injuries should be reported and examined by a physician if necessary.
Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient l When first aid is properly given , it can often restore natural breathing and circulation, control bleeding, reduce the severity of shock, protect injuries from infection or other complications and help conserve the victim’s strength. Practicing these steps will greatly improve the victim’s chances of recovery. l The principal aims of first aid are to: 1. 2. 3. 4. Care for life-threatening complications. Protect from further injury and complications. Arrange transportation for the victim to a medical facility in such a manner as not to complicate the injury or subject the victim to unnecessary discomfort. Make the victim as comfortable as possible to conserve strength.
Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient l First aid training is an essential means of promoting safety, reducing accidents and saving lives. First aiders must take charge of a situation, keep calm while working under pressure, and organize others to do likewise. By demonstrating competence and using well-selected words of encouragement, first aiders should win the confidence of others nearby and do everything possible to reassure the apprehensive victim.
Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient Importance Of First Aid l People should be trained to care for injuries to themselves and others at home, at work, or in the community. This training knowledge should impress the employee of the need for personal safety. Since even trivial injuries are potentially serious, everyone should know the proper steps to prevent complications. There is a particular need for first aid training in the mineral industries because medical treatment is not immediately available at mining sites. In certain cases only a person who is nearby and has first aid training can prevent a fatality.
Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient Cont …. l During the first few minutes following. An injury, the injured worker has a better chance of receiving proper care if there a number of employees trained in first aid. All employees should be able to give effective assistance until the injured person receives professional medical care
Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient Cont …. l Experience has shown that training all workers, supervisors and officials in first aid classes where they meet and learn on a common basis develops a spirit of mutual protections and regard for everyone’s well-being. An individual trained in first aid is someone special to his/her fellow workers
Securing the scene Before performing any First Aid, Check for: • 1. Electrical hazards • 2. Chemical hazards • 3. Noxious & Toxic gases • 4. Ground hazards • 5. Fire • 6. Unstable equipment
Chain of Survival In order for a person to survive: Early Access” 911” Early CPR or First Aid You Pay attention to: Early Defibrillation Advanced Care EMS on scene Hospital HISTORY; what happened; from the casualty or bystanders SYMPTOMS; what only the casualty can tell you SIGNS; what you can see for yourself
Universal Precautions for Airborne & Bloodborn Pathogens HIV & Hepatitis Gloves & Respiratory Barrier devise are a must to prevent transmission of diseases Tuberculosis
DURING TREATMENT ·avoid coughing, breathing, or speaking over the wound ·avoid contact with body fluids ·use a face shield or mask with one-way-valve when doing active resuscitation ·use only clean bandages and dressings ·avoid treating more than one casualty without washing hands and changing gloves AFTER TREATMENT ·clean up both casualty and yourself ·clean up the immediate vicinity ·dispose of dressings, bandages, gloves and soiled clothing correctly ·wash hands with soap and water
Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient The following list is the sequence to follow when administering first aid. Life threatening injuries must be treated first 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Patient Assessment Artificial Ventilation Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Control of Bleeding, Shock Wounds and Dressings Burns and Scalds Musculoskeletal Injuries Handling and Transportation
Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient Anatomy Of The Human Body l To understand first aid procedures and to give effective first aid, it is a must to know something about the anatomy (structure) and physiology (functions) of the human body. The body consists of solids (bones and tissues) and fluids (blood and the secretions of various glands, organs and membranes)
Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient Cont …. l The principal regions of the body are the head, neck, chest, abdomen, and the upper and lower extremities. Refer to the upper extremity from one shoulder to the elbow as the upper arm or simply the aim, and the portion from the elbow to the wrist as the forearm; the portion of the lower extremity from the hip to the knee as the thigh and the portion from the knee to the ankle as the leg.
1. First Aid ü l l l l Lesson Menu Chapter 1 -Anatomy And Patient Assessment Chapter 2 -Artificial Ventilation Chapter 3 -Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Chapter 4 -Control Of Bleeding Chapter 5 -Shock Chapter 6 -Wounds And Dressings Chapter 7 -Burns And Scalds Chapter 8 -Musculoskeletal Injuries Chapter 9 -Handling And Transportation
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