BASIC ELECTRICS CLASS n n n CLASS WILL

BASIC ELECTRICS CLASS n n n CLASS WILL TEACH HOW TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENT LIGHTS AND ACCESSORIES HOW TO SAFELY HANG, FOCUS, AND DRESS A PIPE HOW TO READ PLANS AND PAPERWORK BASIC ELECTRICITY

PARTS OF A FIXTURE

Ellipsoidal Reflector Spotlight n n n Produces hard-edge, focusable beam Shutters allow for framing of beam May be used to project steel patterns (gobo), color patterns on glass (glass gobos) or color images on dichroic glass Evenness of field depends on lamp position within reflector (bench focus) Long through makes them suitable for FOH applications. Labeled by either beam spread (26 deg) or lens width by focal length (6 x 12)

DIFFERENT TYPES OF ERS OR “LEKO” SOURCE 4 ALTMAN 1 KL ALTMAN 360 Q ALTMAN SHAKESPEARE

Parabolic Aluminized Reflector n n n Sealed beam lamp contains filament, envelope, reflector, and lens all in one package Wattage dependent on size (max PAR 64 1000 w) Beam dependent on lens Durable, weather resistant Elliptical beam.

PARCANS ETC PAR 56 PAR 64 PAR 46

TYPES OF PAR LAMPS ACL (Aircraft Landing Light) NSP (Narrow Spot) MFL (Medium Flood) WFL (Wide Flood)

ETC PAR LENSES

Fresnel Spotlight n n n Uses Fresnel lens to focus light Uses a spherical reflector Distance between lamp / reflector and lens determines beam width (adjustable spot/flood) Produces soft light Very common on movie and TV sets

FRESNELS ALTMAN 6” FRESNEL ALTMAN 8” FRESNEL ARRI 1000 ALTMAN AF FESNEL

PARNel n n CROSS BETWEEN PAR AND FRESNEL TWO LENS THAT TWIST TO CHANGE BEAM SIZE KNOB ON BOTTOM TO SPOT/FLOOD LIKE FRESNEL SAME BODY AS ETC PAR

STRIP LIGHTS AND CYC LIGHTS n n n USED TO LIGHT DROPS AND CYCLORAMAS PROVIDE EVEN WASH LIGHT FOR CYCS AND DROPS USUALLY HUNG FROM BATTENS OR PLACED ON FLOOR (ground row) COME IN MULTIPLY “CELLS” AND CONFIGUATIONS USUALLY HEAVY AND LONG (2 man lift) REFLECTOR SHAPE AND POSITION MATTER TO BEAM SPREAD

CYC LIGHTS BROAD CYC T-3 STRIP LIGHT SKY CYC

MOVING LIGHTS n n n ALSO CALLED INTELLIGENT LIGHTS, AUTOMATED, OR MOVERS 2 TYPES - MOVING MIRROR AND MOVING YOKE FIRST APPEARED IN 1979 ON GENESIS TOUR USE ELECTRIC MOTORS TO FOCUS/POINT, CHANGE COLOR AND CHANGE TEMPLATES, ZOOM, AND EDGE/FOCUS MOST USE DISCHARGE LAMPS, NO DIMMERS NEEDED

MOVING LIGHTS MOVING MIRROR MOVING HEAD

MOVING HEADS WASH UNIT SPOT UNIT

SPOT FIXTURES MAC 2000 PROFILE VL 6 VL 3000 SPOT STUDIO SPOT 575

WASH FIXTURES VL 3500 WASH VL 5 MAC 2000 WASH STUDIO COLOR 575

LED’s n n n L. E. D. - LIGHT EMITTING DIODE ELECTRONIC PART THAT EMITS A CERTAIN WAVE LENGTH OF LIGHT(COLOR) WHEN ELECTRICITY FLOWS THROUGH IT USUALLY USED AS AN UPLIGHT, CYC, AND A WASH LIGHT GETTING BRIGHTER AND DOING MORE EVERY DAY USES LESS POWER GENERATES LESS HEAT

LED FIXTURE COLOR BLAST TRX OPTI PAR COLOR BLAZE 72 IMPRESSION 90

LIGHTING ACCESSORIES n n n HARDWARE USED TO HANG OR ALTER HOW LIGHT COMES OUT OF UNIT USUALLY PLACED IN OR INFRONT OF FIXTURE GEL- DEEP DYED POLYESTER THAT IS COLORED PUT IN FRONT OF FIXTURE TO CHANGE COLOR OF LIGHT

LIGHTING HARDWARE 1 TOP HAT HANGING IRON SIDE ARM CLAMP TO CLAMP

LIGHTING HARDWARE 2 RIGID CHESEBORO RING TOP SWIVEL CHESEBORO BOOM BASE

LIGHTING HARDWARE 3 FULL SCENERY BUMPER BARN DOOR DROP IN IRIS TEE

HARDWARE 4 TEMPLATE HOLDERS GEL SWATCH BOOK COLOR FRAMES STEEL TEMPLATE

PHOTOMETRICS n DATA USED TO DESCRIBE THE PERFORMANCE OF LIGHTING INSTRUMENTS, SPECIFICALLY THEIR INTENSITY AND BEAM SPREAD

COLOR TEMPERATURE n Color temperature is a characteristic of visible light, that has important applications in lighting. Color temperature is conventionally stated in the unit of absolute temperature, the kelvin, having the unit symbol K. n Color temperatures over 5, 000 K are called cool colors (blueish white), while lower color temperatures (2, 700– 3, 000 K) are called warm colors (yellowish white through red). [1]

COLOR TEMPERATURE n n n n COLOR TEMP IS RELAVENT TO HOW COLORS AND PEOPLE LOOK THE SUN IS ROUGHLY 5600 k (COOL BLUE WHITE) INDOOR LIGHT BULBS ARE APPROXIMATELY 3050 k (WARM REDDISH WHITE) FLOURESCENT BULBS ARE ROUGHLY 4400 k (GREENISH WHITE) MOVING LIGHT LAMPS ARE 5600 k (COOL BLUE WHITE LIGHT) STAGE LIGHTS ARE 3200 k (WARM ORANGE WHITELIGHT) COLOR TEMPERATURE HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH HOW HOT THE FIXTURE GETS THE WAY WHITE LIGHT LOOKS IS RELATIVE TO ITS COLOR TEMPERATURE AND CAN BE COMPARED TO A RAINBOW, IT FOLLOWS TO SAME COLOR ORDER AS FAR AS THE QUALITY OF WHITE LIGHT

BASIC ELECTRICITY n n n n ELECTRICITY IS THE FLOW OF AN ELECTRIC CHARGE/CURRENT ELECTRICTY IS MEASEURED IN 4 CRITERIA: VOLTAGE- PRESSURE OF ELECTRICTY IN A CIRCUIT - MEASURE OF ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL AMPERAGE- AMOUNT OF ELECTRICY IN CIRCUIT - MEASURE OF ELECTRICAL CURRENT RESISTANCE- THE RESISTANCE TO ELECTRIC FLOW IN A CURCUIT, MEASURED IN OHMS WATT- HOW MUCH POWER IS USED THE COMMON FORMULA FOR THIS IS: WATTS=VOLTAGE x AMPERAGE

BASIC ELECTRICITY n n n n ELECTRICITY IS TRANSMITTED IN 2 WAYS AC OR DC DC- DIRECT CURRENT AC- ALTERNATING CURRENT DC- IS BEST DESCRIBED AS BATTERY POWER AC- IS THE ELECTRICITY IN YOUR HOME OR OFFICE IN THE UNITED STATES WE USE 120/208 V OR 277/480 V POWER AT 60 HERTZ MOST LIGHTING FIXTURES ARE EITHER 120 V OR 208 V DO NOT TOUCH ANYTHING RATED 277 V OR 480 V

BASIC ELECTRICITY n n n OHM’S LAW E=IR “E” IS VOLTAGE “I” IS AMPERAGE “R” IS RESISTANCE “W” OR “P” IS POWER(WATTS) WHEN YOU KNOW 2 OF THESE VARIABLES YOU CAN FIGURE OUT WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

120 VOLT CONNECTORS STRAIGHT BLADE OR EDISON TWIST OR LOCKING CONNECTOR STAGE PIN

208 VOLT CONNECTORS STRAIGHT BLADE 208 V CONNECTOR L 6 -20 208 V TWIST LOCK CONNECTOR

SINGLE POLE LOCKING CONNECTOR n n n COMMOMLY CALLED CAM-LOC’S MUST LOCK BY MATING AND TURN A QUARTER TURN USED FOR FEEDER CABLE

MULTI CABLE n n n CARRYS 6 CIRCUITS OF POWER ALSO CALLED SOCAPEX OR VEAM CABLE NEEDS BREAK OUTS AND INS TO SPLIT INTO INDIVIDUAL CIRCUITS

DATA CONNECTORS ETHERCON 3 -PIN XLR 5 -PIN XLR DMX

DIMMERS n CONTROLS HOW BRIGHT(INTENSITY) A CONVENTIONAL LIGHTING FIXTURE IS ON A SCALE OF 1% TO 100%

POWER AND DATA FLOW

LIGHT PLOT

PAPERWORK