Basic Chairside Instruments and Tray Systems Chapter 18

Basic Chairside Instruments and Tray Systems Chapter 18 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Basic Structural Parts of Dental Hand Instruments • Working end • Shank • Handle © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Basic Classification of Dental Instruments • • Number of working ends Functions Manufacturer’s number Black’s formula © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Classification of Instruments • Black’s three-number formula – First number • Width of blade – Second number • Length of blade – Third number • Angle of blade © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Classification of Instruments • Black’s four-number formula – First number • Width of blade – Second number • Degree of angle of cutting edge of blade to handle © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Classification of Instruments • Black’s four-number formula – Third number • Length of blade – Fourth number • Angle of blade to axis of handle © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Dental Check • What is the end of the working end called if it is blunt and serrated? – Nib © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Cutting Instruments • Chisels – Straight – Wedelstaedt – Bi-angle © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Cutting Instruments • Hatchets – – Beveled on one side Blade on one side Refines cavity walls Obtain retention in cavity prep © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Cutting Instruments • Hoes – Smoothes and shapes floor of cavity prep © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Cutting Instruments • Gingival margin trimmers – Curved blade – Angled cutting edge – Bevel gingival margin wall of cavity prep Distal © Cengage Learning 2013 Mesial © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Cutting Instruments • Angle formers – Define point angles – Sharpen line angles © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Cutting Instruments • Excavators – Blade or spoon – Removal of carious materials – Removal of excess cement – Tucking of rubber dam – Packing of retraction cord Blade Spoon © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Dental Check • Name the cutting instrument that is used to plane and shape enamel and dentin walls. – Chisel © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Noncutting Instruments • Basic examination instruments – – Mouth mirrors Explorers Cotton pliers Periodontal probes Mirror and explorer Courtesy of Integra Life Sciences Corporation (through Integra Miltex) © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Noncutting Instruments • Plastic filling instruments – Placing and condensing restorative materials • Composite instrument – Placing, condensing, carving, contouring, and burnishing © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Noncutting Instruments • • Composite instruments Amalgam carriers Amalgam condensers Carvers © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Noncutting Instruments • Amalgam carrier – Carry and dispense amalgam • Amalgam condenser – Pack amalgam into cavity prep Courtesy of Integra Life Sciences Corporation (through Integra Miltex) © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Courtesy of Hu-Friedy Mfg. , Co. , Inc.

Noncutting Instruments • Carver – Remove excess restorative material – Carve wax inlays and onlays Courtesy of Hu-Friedy Mfg. , Co. Inc. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Noncutting Instruments • Burnishers – Smooth restorations – Shape matrix bands © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Noncutting Instruments • Files – Trim filling material • Finishing knife © Cengage Learning 2013 – Trim excess material Courtesy of Hu-Friedy Mfg. , Co. Inc. © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Noncutting Instruments • Miscellaneous – Spatulas – Articulating forceps – Scissors Courtesy of Integra Life Sciences Corporation (through Integra Miltex) © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Care and Maintenance • Extend lifespan of instrument due to proper care and maintenance • Properly clean and sterilize • Examine all instruments thoroughly © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Dental Check • Which type of burnisher is popular for smoothing amalgam or composite restorations? – Acorn © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Dental Rotary Instruments • Parts of bur – Shank – Neck – Head Straight shank Neck Latch-type shank Shank Friction-grip shank © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Types of Burs • • • Cutting Diamond Finishing Surgical Laboratory Fissurectomy © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Abrasives • Nonbladed instruments used to finish and polish restorations and appliances • Categorized by shape and materials from which they are made – E. g. , rubber, stone, sandpaper © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Types and Functions of Abrasives • Mandrels – Rods of various lengths used in low-speed handpieces • Discs – Used to polish, smooth, and adjust restorative materials and dental appliances © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Types and Functions of Abrasives • Stones – Used for cutting, polishing, and finishing amalgam, gold, composite, and porcelain restorations © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Types and Functions of Abrasives • Rubber wheels – Used for finishing and polishing • Rubber points – Used for polishing – Adaptable for defining anatomy in restoration © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Dental Check • What type of bur is used to open the cavity and remove the carious tooth structure? – Round © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Dental Handpieces • Used for the following: – Remove dental decay – Prepare tooth for restoration – Polish and finish dental restorations – Cut, finish, and polish dental appliances – Trim models and trays © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Parts of the Dental Handpiece • Working end – Head • Shank • Connection end © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Dental Handpieces • High-speed • Low-speed • Electric © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Maintenance and Sterilization of Dental Handpieces • Maintenance – Follow manufacturer’s directions carefully • Sterilization © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Air Abrasion Unit and Microetcher • Air abrasion – Reduces use of anesthetics and drilling with dental handpieces • Microetcher – Smaller version of air abrasion unit used for intraoral sandblasting and dentin bonding © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Tray Systems • Preset tray system – Most commonly used – Instruments and auxiliary items – Placed on tray in order of use during procedure • Other systems © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Color Coding Systems • Color coding may be set up to indicate: – Procedures – Treatment room instruments storage – Additional sets of instruments – Individual operators – Sequence of use – Any combination of the above © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Color Coding Systems © Cengage Learning 2013 © 2013 Delmar, Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.