BASIC AUDIO VIDEO IN MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTION SCHEDULE Script

BASIC AUDIO & VIDEO IN MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTION SCHEDULE • Script Writing • Storyboard • Production Schedule

SCRIPT WRITING The first phase of preproduction is to get your great idea down on paper. This phase can many form : a Proposal, a treatment, a screenplay, a television or video script, or a voice-over script. A Proposal Can be anywhere from one page to well over a dozen. No fixed form and can change accordingly with every project. Can write a proposal for a personal video, a television commercial, or even film. Summarizing your idea in a sentence or two. ( theme of your project, and you want to avoid straying from it ) Determine who will be in your video and describe in

SCRIPT WRITING Treatments is a formal, detailed proposal that tell a story and describes the characters, but uses little or no dialogue it can be as long as sixty pages. Screenplays Follow a specific structure. One page of a screenplay is roughly equivalent to one minute of screen time. Organized by scenes, or the various locations where filming will take place. Scene inside (interior) Scene outside (exterior) Description and action run the width of the page, from the left margin to the right.

SCRIPT WRITING Dialogue is centered on the page underneath the name of the speaker. Sound are also written in capital letters. The important to know the time of day because it impacts the lighting of a scene. Whether a scene takes place indoors or out is of paramount importance because it will dictate what type of stock is used. There a software programs, like Final Draft that are available to help with the formatting.

SCRIPT WRITING The Premise - Before you begin writing, you need to be able to summarize the idea of your screenplay in a single sentence. - What is your story about? - Eg: - “ A young boy befriends an alien who is lost and longing to go home “. would be the premise for the movie ET - Once you have established the premise, you can use it to stay focused.

SCRIPT WRITING Types of Conflict - All good stories have conflict. -The protagonist, or hero of the story. - There are 5 basic categories for conflict in a dramatic structure. a. Man Versus Man - There is a hero and a villain. - There is a good guy and a bad guy (antagonist) b. Man Versus Nature - Protagonist is faced with battling some force of nature and the perils it many cause. - eg: encountered a terrible storm at sea c. Man Versus Society - Protagonist is fighting the system, be it a culture or subculture,

SCRIPT WRITING d. Man Versus Himself - The protagonist is his or her own worst enemy. - The protagonist must battle with himself and face his inner demons. e. Man Versus Machine - The protagonist is fighting against technology. - eg: - The Terminators.

SCRIPT WRITING The Paradigm of a Drama - Needs to have the basic elements of any story : a beginning, middle, and end. - This standard three act formula for a drama is called paradigm.

SCRIPT WRITING a. Act One - During the first act of a screenplay, the characters are introduced, the place and time is set. - The main idea of the story is identified. - This is called the setup * The first 10 page of screenplay are the most crucial because the studies have shown that is how long it takes for people to make up their minds as to whether or not they like a film. b. Plot Point One - Is an event that swings the story into another direction. - The story changes direction at this point.

SCRIPT WRITING c. Act Two - Second act of a screenplay is called the confrontation. - Most of the story takes place because it is where most of the conflict occurs. - Approximately sixty pages of a two hours film. d. Plot Point Two - This plot point changes the direction of the story. - Building up to this moment. e. Act Three - The final act of a screenplay is the resolution. - The conflict is completely resolved and all the loose ends are tied up.

SCRIPT WRITING Television Scripts - More structured than writing for film because time dictates how a story unfolds. - Stories are written with the commercial breaks in mind to keep the audience tuned in. - Scripts take on various forms depending on their purpose. - Television studio would include camera and technical directions. - Regardless of the type of show, a television script needs

SCRIPT WRITING Voice- Over Scripts - provided to the narrator or narrators who will record a voice-over to convey additional information not convey in on-camera dialogue. - Timing = part of the script need to coincide with the various shots. - Can be approached in one of two ways: by writing first and filming second, or vice versa.

SCRIPT WRITING - Suggestions for recording your own voice-overs in a nonstudio environment: * Practice the timing of your voice-over using a stopwatch * Read clearly and steadily, at an appropriate pace. * Make certain that you are speaking loudly enough. * Don’t speak too closely into the microphone. * Avoid popping your Ps. ( the sound of the letter P is the loudest and makes a propping noise) * Turn off the ringers of any telephones. * Turn off the heat or air conditioning so it doesn’t start up during the middle of your recording session. Also certain florescent lights can have a loud hum. * Post signs and alert people to be quiet while you are

STORYBOARDS After the script is written, it is broken down shot by shot and storyboards are drawn. Storyboards are used in television, film, video and even 3 D animation. ECU , EXTREME CLOSE- UP O is a shot that is usually reserved for dramatic effect. O the chin remains completely in frame during ECU, so it doesn't get cut off when an actor opens his mouth to speak. O example: Focusing on just an actor’s eyes or mouth

STORYBOARDS CU, CLOSE-UP O Head shot of a person. O Help the viewer become more engaged with the action by creating a feeling of intimacy. O When first introduce a character in a scene, one of the first few shots should be a close up. O Allow the viewer to get a good look at the MCU, MEDIUM CLOSE UP character. O Is halfway between a close-up and a medium shot. O The character’s entire head and shoulders are in frame.

STORYBOARDS MS, MEDIUM SHOT O Cuts off at the waistline. O The subject’s upper body being completely in frame. MLS, MEDIUM LONG SHOT O Is halfway between the medium shot and the long shot. O It cuts off at the subject’s knees.

STORYBOARDS LS, LONG SHOT O Is a head to toe shot of a person O entire body being in frame WS, WIDE SHOT O also called an establishing shot. O Used to establish or set the scene, by putting the location into some kind of overall context. O It can be an exterior shot, an interior shot, or both, cutting from an exterior WS to an interior

STORYBOARDS OTS, OVER THE SHOULDER SHOT HEADROOM O Show part of the back of one person’s head while another person or subject is the focus of the frame. O Used when two people are having a conversation. O Depending on the importance of the delivery of the line, or of the shot during the dialogue. O Is the space given at the top of the video frame. O Create an uneasy feeling in the viewer, remove the headroom from the shot. O If people are supposed to be trapped in an

STORYBOARDS LEADROOM O When someone walks or runs during a shot, the camera pans with him, providing leadroom, or space so that subject never ‘bumps’ into the edge of the video frame. O Subject takes up one third of the screen, and two thirds of the screen is devoted to leadroom.

STORYBOARDS BLUESCREEN / GREENSCREEN O background can be removed in postproduction and another image, or set of images, may be substituted in its place. O This technique is frequently used in interviews. O The subject is positioned to either side of the video frame, with two thirds of the frame being used to display the bluescreen.

PRODUCTION SCHEDULE After the storyboards have been created, the shots can be broken down into a production schedule to facilitate shooting. A production is rarely filmed in chronological order, but rather in order of necessity and availability. SHOT SHEET Begin by making a list of all the individual shots that need to be filmed. Shot number correspond with the storyboard.

PRODUCTION SCHEDULE CAMERA SETUPS Each time the camera needs to be moved to another location, it takes up time. Time consuming to do camera setups for film than it is for video because in film, the lighting has to be more precise. Eg: - In a conversation using over the shoulder shots, all of one person’s lines would be filmed at once, and then the second person’s lines would be filmed.

PRODUCTION SCHEDULE Includes important information like shoot times, meeting places, directions, and the actors and crew members that are required to be there each day. When writing the schedule, start by determining which actors are needed for each scene and how many shots each actor will be in.