Baroque Period 1600 1750 1600 1 Start of

Baroque Period 1600 -1750

1600 1. Start of the Baroque Period 1600 -1750 2. Start of the Common Practice Period 1600 -1900 3. End of the Renaissance Period 1450 -1600 4. First opera was in 1600

• Movement – a part of a work, sounds complete in itself with a beginning middle and end. Think of it like a chapter in a book

Concerto • Instrumental soloist with orchestra • Multi-movement (usually 3) FSF • First movement is in Ritornello Form

Vivaldi Spring • Solo Concerto - multi-movement work for orchestra and a soloist – features cadenza • Usually 3 movements Fast Slow Fast • Cadenza - the part in a concerto where the orchestra stops playing and the soloist is featured.

Vivaldi Spring (cont. ) • Program music – music that has an extra-musical idea to go along with it. It might be a story, an idea, a picture, or a text.

Ritornello form • Main theme is called the Ritornello (means “return”). The main theme returns regularly. • Common practice period = key. • Each time the ritornello appears, it is in a new key

Modulation • To change from one key to another • In “artfully” done music, it’s noticeable that you’ve changed keys! • You’ll almost always come back to the home key that you hear in the beginning

Ritornello Form • Movement begins with the ritornello stated in the home key and all the way through.

Ritornello Form • Movement begins with the ritornello stated in the home key and all the way through. • Followed by a solo episode - a passage by the soloist. The solo episode changes key

Ritornello Form • Followed by a solo episode - a passage by the soloist. The solo episode changes key • The ritornello is heard again, but in a shortened form, and in a new key

Ritornello Form • The ritornello is heard again, but in a shortened form, and in a new key • Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again

Ritornello Form • Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again • The ritornello is brought back, shortened again and in a new key • This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement

Ritornello Form • Another solo passage is heard, changing the key again • The ritornello is brought back, shortened again and in a new key • This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement

Ritornello Form • This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement • There may be a cadenza (the part where the orchestra stops playing while the soloist “shows off”)

Ritornello Form • This alternation of soloist passages and ritornello fragments continues throughout the movement • At the end of the movement, we will once again hear the ritornello all the way through and in the home key

Suite • A collection of dances • Multi-movement work • Each movement is in binary form (AABB) • Each movement is based on a different dance rhythm

Suite • Originally, the dance pieces were intended for dancing. • In the suite, it is more considered “absolute” music for listening, not dancing

Suite • The movements alternate between fast and slow tempos • Usually begins with a prelude • All are in the same key (or related keys) • No applause until the end!

J. S. Bach: Suite in E Minor, BWV 996 • Preludio (Passaggio / Presto) SF • Allemande S • Courante F • Sarabande S • Bourree F • Gigue F