Bar Graph A bar graph uses vertical or

Bar Graph • A bar graph uses vertical or horizontal bars to display numerical information.

Pictograph • A pictograph uses symbols to represent data. Each symbol has the same value. Key = 1 book

Line Graph • A line graph often shows how data changes over time. Each point represents an item of data.

Circle Graph • A circle graph shows how portions of a set of data compare with the whole set. The greater the value of the data, the wider the wedge that represents the value.

Scatterplot • A graph that shows paired data. Each point on a scatterplot represents two data values. Trend • A relationship between two sets of data that shows a pattern is called a trend

Tally Marks • Tally marks are used to organize large sets of data. Each mark represents one time that the value appears in the data. The 5 th tally mark is drawn as a slash to indicate a group of five. Frequency Chart • A frequency chart can help you list the data quickly. Each value that appears in the data is followed by the number of times it appears. Line Plot • A line plot shows the shape of a set of data.

Scale • The scale of a bar graph is the “ruler” that measures the heights of the bars. Interval • The interval is the amount of space between the values on the scale. Range • The range of a data set refers to the difference between the highest value and the lowest value

Horizontal Axis and the Vertical Axis • The lines on which a bar graph are built are the horizontal axis and the vertical axis.

Stem-and-Leaf Diagram • A graph that shows the shape of the data according to the data place values. The “leaf” of a number is usually the right-hand digit. The “stem” is the remaining digits to the leaf. 56 47 49 56 47 45 39 52 56 41 47 40

Median • The middle value in a data set when the values are listed from lowest to greatest. Mode • One of the values appearing most often in a data set. Mean • The sum of the values in a data set divided by the number of values.

Outlier • An outlier is a number in a data set that is very different from the rest of the numbers. • An outlier may have a major effect on the mean.

Double Bar Graph A double bar graph is similar to a regular bar graph, but gives 2 pieces of information for each named item, rather than just 1. The bar chart below shows the weight in kilograms of some fruit sold on two different days by a local market. This lets us compare the sales of each fruit over a 2 day period, not just the sales of one fruit compared to another. We can see that the sales of star fruit and apples stayed most nearly the same. The sales of oranges increased from day 1 to day 2 by 10 kilograms. The same amount of apples and oranges was sold on the second day. Amount of fruit purchased over two days Fruit

Double Line Graph A double line graph is another way to give a visual representation of the relationship of data that has been collected. It is similar to the line graph. The difference is there are two lines of data instead of one. It is made up of a vertical and horizontal axis and two series of points each one connected by a line. The legend will show which line represents what set of points. Most times a solid line and a dashed line are used. But varying colors can also distinguish the two lines apart. Each point on each line matches up with a corresponding vertical axis and horizontal axis value on the graph. In some cases, you are giving a value from the horizontal axis and you need to find its corresponding value from the vertical axis. You find the point on the line that matches the given value from the horizontal axis and then match it up with its corresponding vertical axis value to find the value you are looking for. You would do the same type of process if you were given a vertical axis value and needed to find a horizontal axis value. The graph below is a double line graph: The horizontal axis represents the year and the vertical axis represents profit in thousands of dollars. The legend towards the top of the graph indicates which line represents which product. The solid line corresponds with Product A and the dashed line goes with Product B.