Bandwagon Peer Pressure Repetition Testimonial Transfer Loaded Words
Bandwagon Peer Pressure Repetition Testimonial Transfer Loaded Words Appeal to Logic
Think of the last time you flipped through a magazine, went on Facebook, or watched T. V… Discuss: What did you see?
Advertisements!!!! Did you know that companies spend billions of dollars a year advertising to kids and teens like you? They want you to think like they think and buy what they want you to buy, but how do they communicate that to you? They use subtle persuasive techniques to sway your opinion.
Bandwagon is the idea that you should believe something or buy something because everyone else believes or wants something. Saying that it’s the #1 Movie in America is supposed to make you feel like EVERYONE has seen it, and you should too!
Peer Pressure tries to persuade you to do, believe, or buy something because it will make you cool and will make your peers accept you. The stylish looking background and cool models are supposed to make you feel like wearing Sketchers will make you cool!
Repetition tries to persuade you by repeating certain words or ideas so that they get stuck in your head and you think of them often. The repetitive jingle is supposed to get in your head so that when you’re hungry, you think of 5 Dollar Footlongs!
Testimonial tries to persuade you by using someone’s personal success story with the product. They tell you that the product worked for them, so it will work for you, too! There are two kinds of testimonial – Plain Folks, in which a normal person gives his/her testimony and Celebrity Endorsement, in which a celebrity tells his/her testimony. Dwane Wade’s celebrity endorsement testimonial is supposed to make you feel that if you drink Gatorade, you’ll be a great athlete, like him.
Transfer tries to persuade you by getting you to associate positive feelings with something that is familiar to you with an unfamiliar product or idea by linking them together creatively, thus creating the message, “If you like _____, you’ll LOVE ______!” The picture of the tropical beach is supposed to bring up positive emotions, implying that if you like tropical vacations, you’ll love febreze fabric spray!
Loaded Words tries to persuade you by using words with a very strong positive or negative connotation so that you begin to associate those words with the product or idea. They are very popular in political speeches and are sometimes referred to as “glittering generalities. ” Words like these are supposed to make you feel strong positive or negative emotions.
Appeal to Logic tries to persuade you by using facts, statistics, or other logical arguments to believe or buy something. Comparative statistics are supposed to make AT&T seem like the logical choice.
Rhetorical Question A question to which no answer is expected because the answer is obvious.
Allusion A reference to a person or character from a well known historical event or from literature Think of it as an “inside joke” that the author uses. Not everyone will get it.
Five Basic Sources of Allusions BIBLICAL– Often reflecting the heroes of the Old Testament and the parables of the new. ◆ MYTHOLOGICAL – Greek, primarily, but Roman, Viking, and Native American. ◆ HISTORICAL – events, people, scandals, triumphs ◆
Five basic sources of ALLUSIONS LITERAL (from literature) – references to famous works through either dialogue or characterization. ◆ COMMERCIAL (strictly a contemporary source – thanks to our video-driven world) This includes references from films, television shows (including cartoons), and commercial ads *NOTE: video games that incorporate elements from any of the above are another outlet for allusions. ◆
BIBLICAL MYTHICAL Little guy vs big guy – little Flying too close to the fire sun guy wins (David and (foolish behavior) Icarus Goliath) caught by terms like Goliath, Philistines, slingshot, or giants. HISTORICAL One if by land (the enemy is coming be vigilant) Paul Revere's signal when “the British (are) were coming” LITERAL COMMERCIAL When “Nurse Rachet” takes care of someone, she is brutal (from One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest – a psychotic and none too gentle nurse) Person of Interest, Det. Fusco nicknamed an evil hacker “Cocoa Puffs” because he thinks she’s “Cuckoo for Cocoa Puffs” (crazy) Any reference to apple, “Don’t look at her, or you’ll turn Whenever someone says When someone is accused of “That’s no moon, that’s a garden, serpent, wearing a to stone!” (This is a throwback something is infallible, they are being a “Scrooge, ” it is saying space station!” is taken from fig leaf to imply point of to what happened to anyone reminded of how “unsinkable” that they are selfish with their Star Wars IV, in which origin, nakedness, who looked upon the face of the Titanic was advertised to money (like the protagonist in A something that was expected temptation (taken from first Medusa (she was an ugly sight be, too (meaning either Christmas Carol) to be one size was actually book of the Bible, regarding with writhing snakes for hair - extremely strong or ANYTHING much more (intimidating, Adam and Eve’s sin of and a controlling woman) can fail) invincible, etc) eating from the forbidden fruit and their first “clothing”) “Don’t look back” is a reference to Lot’s wife, who, in fleeing Sodom, looked back and was turned to a pillar of salt because she did what she was warned not to do. “…more than a man, but less than a god, ” usually refers to someone who is held in awe for skills or prowess (similar to Hercules) “I am not a crook!” is a famous line Richard Nixon through out during the Watergate Hotel scandal. Essentially, even though he claimed it, he was still impeached for his role in the conspiracy to keep it quiet. “just click your heels, ” “I don’t think we’re in Kansas anymore, ” “Toto, ” “Flying monkeys” or any reference to landing a building on a witch are all from The Wizard of Oz. “…like manna from heaven” Venus, Roman god of love, is “I’ll be back, ” was an exit line of Anyone who is referred to as refers to the miracle food often referred to when it comes General Mac. Arthur, when he “Sherlock” means (either that fell from the sky daily to to either romance or extremely had to leave one battlefront for seriously or sarcastically) that feed the Jews as Moses led beautiful women who make another one more urgent. This person has discovered them from Egypt and they men fall in love with them. line was then alluded to in something the famous detective wandered through the Terminator, in which the robot would have seen. Through desert for 40 years. DID come back – and sarcasm, it means someone destroyed everything in its path. “discovered” something fairly obvious. “Double your pleasure, ” (double your fun) is a corporate slogan for Wrigley’s gum, in which they use twins to promote the gum, but it now refers to twice as much as something for more satisfaction. “Where’s the beef? ” was a Wendy’s ad that ran in the 80’s that has come to mean that the greedy corporations have been selling us an ideal product, but when we look closely, it is sadly lacking.
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