Balancing Equations Balancing Writing and Naming Equations Balancing
Balancing Equations Balancing, Writing, and Naming Equations
Balancing Equations
Balancing Equations n Law of Conservation of Matter: n In a chemical reaction, matter can be neither created nor destroyed. n In a chemical reaction, the amount of reactants equal the amount of products.
Balancing Equations Paraphrased: n Law of Conservation of Atoms: n The number of atoms of each type of element must be the same on each side of the equation.
Chemical Equations
Balancing Chemical Equations n n Draw a reactant/ product Zn(s) + _HCl(aq) Zn. Cl (aq) + H (g) 2 2 table, listing each atom type. Count each atom on R P both sides of equation. Balance by trial & error Zn 1 1 (one atom at a time) until you have the same H 1 2 # of atoms of each element on both sides of Cl 1 2 the equation. Balance by adding coefficients, not subscripts.
Balancing Equations n Hydrogen n H 2 + oxygen + O 2 water H 2 O
Balancing Equations n N 2 n + H 2 Nitrogen + hydrogen NH 3 ammonia
Balancing Equations n Ca 3(PO 4)2 + H 2 SO 4 Ca. SO 4 + H 3 PO 4
Balancing Equations n n Cu + H 2 SO 4 Cu. SO 4 + H 2 O + SO 2
n Na. OH + Ca. Br 2 Ca(OH)2 + Na. Br
n C 2 H 6 + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O
Writing and Naming n n n Nickel + hydrochloric acid Nickel(II) chloride + hydrogen Write the corresponding formula equation and then balance the equation.
Writing and Naming n n n Write each formula independently. Ignore the rest of the equation. Balance the equation after writing the formulas. Ni + HCl Ni. Cl 2 + H 2 Ni + 2 HCl Ni. Cl 2 + H 2 n n
Writing and Naming n Remember the diatomic elements: H 2, N 2, O 2, F 2, Cl 2, Br 2, and I 2.
Writing and Naming Cu + H 2 SO 4 n Cu. SO 4 + H 2 O + SO 2 n Balance the formula equation. n Write the word equation. n
Writing and Naming Cu + 2 H 2 SO 4 n Cu. SO 4 + 2 H 2 O + SO 2 n n n Write the names: Cu by itself is just copper. Copper(I) or copper(II) would be incorrect. H 2 SO 4 should be named as an acid. Sulfuric acid
Writing and Naming n Cu. SO 4 has a SO 42 - group so Cu must be 2+. Some metals must have Roman Numerals. Copper(II) sulfate H 2 O is known as water. n SO 2 is a nonmetal compound. Its name is either sulfur dioxide or sulfur(IV) oxide. n
Writing and Naming Cu + 2 H 2 SO 4 n Cu. SO 4 + 2 H 2 O + SO 2 n Copper + sulfuric acid n Copper(II) sulfate + water + sulfur dioxide n
Balancing Equations n Practice!
Balancing chemical equations _ Na + Cl 2 → _ Na. Cl 2. _ Fe(s) + _ Cl 2(g) → _ Fe. Cl 3 3. _ Ag 2 O → _ Ag + O 2 4. _ Cu. Cl 2 + _ Al → _ Al. Cl 3 + _ Cu 5. _ Ag. NO 3 + Mg. Cl 2 → _ Ag. Cl + Mg(NO 3)2 1.
Types of Chemical Rxns n Classifying reactions n There are 5 general types of reactions n n n Combustion Synthesis (Combination) Decomposition Single-replacement (single-displacement) Double-replacement (double-displacement) Not all chemical reactions fit uniquely into only one of these classes n Sometimes, one rxn may fit 2 or 3 different types
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