BAD HURRICANES 1988 2008 Walter Hays Global Alliance

“BAD” HURRICANES: 1988 -2008 Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of North Carolina, USA

SOME OF THE ATLANTIC BASIN HURRICANES THAT WERE BAD ENOUGH TO HAVE THEIR NAMES RETIRED 1988 – 2008

“BAD” HURRICANES: 1988 -2008 • Hugo Sept 1988 • Andrew Aug 1992 • Opal Oct 1995 • Floyd Sept 1999

“BAD” HURRICANES: 1988 -2008 (Continued) • Mitch Nov 1998 • Charley Aug 2004 • Ivan Sept 2004 • Katrina Aug 2005

“BAD” HURRICANES: 1988 -2008 (Continued) • Rita Sept 2005 • Wilma Oct 2005 • Gustav Sept 2008

CAUSES OF DAMAGE WIND PENETRATING BUILDING ENVELOPE UPLIFT OF ROOF SYSTEM FLYING DEBRIS SEVERE WINDSTORMS “DISASTER LABORATORIES” STORM SURGE IRREGULARITIES IN ELEVATION AND PLAN SITING PROBLEMS FLOODING AND LANDSLIDES

HURRICANE HUGO: CHARLESTON, SC; CAT 5, SEPT 22, 1989

HURRICANE ANDREW: CAT 5; AUG 24, 1992

HURRICANE ANDREW: FLORIDA CITY, FL; AUG 25, 1992

ANDREW: One of the most intense and the last of the three Category 5 hurricanes to make US landfall in the 20 th century, Andrew had sustained winds of 165 mi/hr and caused catastrophic damage in Florida. .

HURRICANE OPAL: DESTIN, FL; CAT 4, OCT 6, 1995

HURRICANE FLOYD: LONGPORT, NJ; CAT 5; SEPT 16, 1999

FLOYD: 2. 6 million coastal residents were evacuated.

HURRICANE MITCH: NICARAGUA; CAT 5, NOV 1, 1998

MITCH: The slow-moving CAT 5 hurricane dropped historic amounts of rainfall in Honduras and Nicaragua. Nearly 11, 000 people were killed, mainly as a result of the flooding, and hundreds of thousands of people lost their homes.

HURRICANE CHARLEY: PUNTA GORDA, FL, CAT 4; AUG 4, 2004

HURRICANE IVAN: FLORIDA, CAT 5; 2004

IVAN: A Category 5 storm the size of Texas at its peak, Ivan caused. catastrophic damage in Jamaica, Grand Cayman, the western tip of Cuba, along with an estimated $13 billion in damage in the USA, moving over 3 feet of sand in some places in Florida and pushing it into homes during the storm surge.

HURRICANE KATRINA: NEW ORLEANS; CAT 5, AUG 30, 2005

KATRINA: Nearly every levee in the Federal Protection System of New Orleans’ was breached, eventually causing 80 percent of the city to be flooded, and 1, 836 people to lose their lives. .

HURRICANE RITA: EVACUEES; CAT 4, SEPT 21, 2005

RITA: In addition to a record evacuation of over 1 million people that took evacuees to places like the First Baptist Church in Tyler, TX, Rita’s winds, waves, and storm surge caused damage to the oil industry and flooding in New Orleans again.

HURRICANE WILMA: NAPLES, FL; CAT 5, OCT 24, 2005

WILMA: A CAT 5 storm, Wilma was the most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Atlantic basin, but it was a Category 3 when it made landfall in several places, causing devastation in the Yucatan Peninsula, Cuba, and Florida.

HURRICANE GUSTAV: 3 MILLION EVACUATING LA, SEPT 1, 2008

GUSTAV: Gustav prompted the largest evacuation in USA history-- 3 million people-- who fled the oncoming hurricane, after it had made landfall in Haiti and Cuba, crossed the Gulf of Mexico, and made landfall again in Cocodrie, La. , on Sept. 1, 2008.