Bacteria Prokaryotic Cells Prokaryotes cells without a nucleus

Bacteria Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotes = cells without a nucleus and without membrane bound organelles

Bacteria are Everywhere!! § Microscopic life cover every square centimetre of the earth § Smallest and most common type of cells § Range in size: 1 -10 micrometers (μm) § Are placed in 2 kingdoms: Eubacteria and Archaebacteria OR ONE KINGDOM: MONERA

Types of Bacteria 1) § § Eubacteria Larger group (includes cyanobacteria and prochlorbacteria) Surrounded by cell wall composed of complex carbohydrates that protect cell from injury Cell membrane surrounds cytoplasm Wide variety: some live in soil, others infect organisms and cause disease, can be simple or complex

1. Eubacteria a) Cyanobacteria (blue-green bacteria) § Photosynthetic § Contain phycocyanin and chlorophyll A (to give its color) § Can survive in fresh, salt, hot water and on snow § Usually first organism to colonize after a disaster (eg. Volcano)

Eubacteria § Make up the larger of the two prokaryote kingdoms § Generally are surrounded by a cell wall composed of complex carbohydrates

Cyanobacteria § Photosynthetic bacterium § Bluish-greenish color § Contain membranes that carry out the process of photosynthesis § Do not contain the same type of chloroplasts as plants do § This bluish-greenish algae can be found nearly everywhere on earth. § Can survive in extremely hot environments and even extremely cold environment

Ocean depths between plate boundaries

Archaebacteria § Lack important carbohydrate found in cell walls § Have different lipids in their cell membrane § Different types of ribosomes § Very different gene sequences § Archaebacteria can live in extremely harsh environments § They do not require oxygen and can live in extremely salty environments as well as extremely hot environments.

Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming USA