Bacteria Kingdom Notes These will be used for

Bacteria Kingdom Notes These will be used for pages 4 -7 in the kingdom journal.

Common Names Archaebacteria • Archaea • Oldest bacteria • Methanogens, Halophiles, Thermoacidophiles Eubacteria • Bacteria • Newer bacteria • Decomposes, parasites, cyanobacteria, nitrogen-fixation bacteria

Unique Traits Archaebacteria • Found in extreme habitats with no oxygen • Cell walls made of proteins Eubacteria • Found everywhere • Cell walls made of amino acids and sugars

Major Phyla Archaebacteria • Methanogens-make methane • Halophiles-like high salt environments • Thermoacidophiles-like high heat and acidic conditions Eubacteria • Parasites • Decomposes • Photosynthetic • Chemosynthetic

Major Habitats Archaebacteria Eubacteria • Meth-swamps, cow • Almost everywhere, intestines, sewage including: treatment plants – On and in other organisms • Halo-lakes with high salt – Ponds (Salt Lake, Utah and – Soil Dead Sea, Middle East) • Thermo-hot springs, volcanic vents at bottom of the ocean

Major Niches Eubacteria Archaebacteria • Heterotrophic- are • Most are parasites or Chemosynthetic decoposers autotrophs • Autotrophic. Photosynthetic or Chemosynthetic

Archaebacteria Example • Scientific Name: Methanocaldococcus jannaschii • Common name: Thermoacidophile • Where is it Found? At pressures above 200 atm and temperatures of 85 degrees Celcius. http: //microbewiki. kenyo n. edu/index. php/Methan ococcus

Eubacteria Example • Scientific Name: Anabena sp. • Common Name: Cyanobacteria • Where is it found? Pond Water

Reproduction in Bacteria Binary Fission-makes an exact copy of itself; done most often 1. Bacteria copies its chromosome. 2. Chromosome and copy attach to cell membrane. 3. Cell grows. 4. Partition forms between chromosomes and cells divide. Can take as little as 20 minutes in some species. Conjugation—sexual reproduction 1. Bacteria sends all or part of its chromosome across a bridge (pilus) to another bacteria. 2. Results in bacteria with a new genetic composition.