Bacteria Jason Burton What are the two groups

Bacteria Jason Burton

What are the two groups of bacteria? • Eubacteria – “Good” or “true” bacteria. – Live Everywhere – Cell wall with peptidoglycan • Archaebacteria – “Old” bacteria – Live in Extreme Environments (hot springs, high salt concentrations, etc) – Cell wall without peptidoglycan

What type of cell are bacteria? • Prokaryotic – No Nucleus or membrane bound organelles.

What are three basic shapes of bacteria? • Cocci – round shape • Bacilli – rod shape • Spirillum – spiral shaped

What are the 6 basic parts of a bacteria? • Nuclear Material (DNA) – NO NUCLEUS!!!! • • Cytoplasm Ribosomes Cell Membrane Cell wall – with and without peptidoglycan – Gram positive and gram negative (only Eubacteria) • Flagella

What is it? Flagella

What is it? Genetic Material (DNA)

What is it? Cytoplasm

What is it? (the small dots) Ribosomes

What is it? Cell Membrane

What is it? Cell wall

What two ways do bacteria reproduce? • Asexual – Binary Fission • Identical Cells • Sexual (pseudo) – Conjugation then Binary Fission • New Genetically Different Cells

How do bacteria obtain food? • Autotrophic – Make it themselves with the help of light or inorganic matter and chemicals • Heterotrophic – Breakdown food, dead or decaying matter (organic matter). • decomposer

Do bacteria need oxygen? • Yes – Some need oxygen to help break down food. • No – Some cannot use oxygen and it is like poison to them and kills the bacteria.

Can bacteria protect themselves? • Yes! • Endospore – A small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell – It contains the cell’s genetic material and some of its cytoplasm. – It can resist freezing, heating, and drying, they can survive for many years

What are good things bacteria do for the planet? • Fuel – Some Archaebacteria produces methane • Food – Bacteria assist in making food such as yogurt, pickles, cheese, apple cider. • Recycling – Breaking down dead and decaying matter (decomposer). – Some bacteria are used to clean up oil spills. • Symbiotic Relationships – E. Coli Vitamin K in Human Intestines – Termite gut

What are some bad things bacteria do on the planet? • Spoil food • Cause Disease – Food Poisoning – Tetanus – Lyme Disease – Strep Throat – Tuberculosis (TB) • Producing toxins that harm living things.

How can you treat bacterial diseases? • Antibiotics – A chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth without harming the body cells of humans • Vaccines – A substance used in a vaccination that consists of pathogens that have been weakened or killed but can still trigger the immune system into action.