BACK OF THIGH Dr Bindhu Nair Objectives At

BACK OF THIGH Dr. Bindhu. Nair

Objectives �At the end of the class you will be able list out; � The hamstring muscles �Origin , insertion , nerve supply and action of hamstrings �Origin, course, relations, branches and distribution of sciatic nerve �Applied anatomy

CONTENTS OF BACK OF THIGH �HAMSTRING �SHORT HEAD OF BICEPS FEMORIS �SCIATIC NERVE �POSTERIOR NERVE �A MUSCLES FEMORAL CUTANEOUS CHAIN OF VASCULAR ANASTOMOSIS AT THE BACK OF ADDUCTOR MAGNUS

HAMSTINGS � SEMIMEMBRANOSUS � SEMITENDINOSUS � LONG HEAD OF BICEPS FEMORIS � HAMSTRING PART OF ADDUCTOR MAGNUS MUSCLES OF BACK OF THIGH

� Flexion Of Knee � Extension Of Hip Joint Especially In Standing And Walking � In Semiflexed Knee, the Semimembranosus And Semitendinosus Acts As Medial Rotators And Biceps Femoris Acts As Lateral Rotator Of Tibia On Femur ACTIONS OF HAMSTRINGS

SCIATIC NERVE Thickest nerve in the body � It begins in the pelvis and terminate s at the superior angle of popliteal fossa by dividing into tibial and common peroneal nerves. � Origin; Largest branch of sacral plexus. � � Root value; L 4, L 5, S 1, S 2, S 3 � Tibial nerve from its ventral division. L 4, 5, S 1, 2, 3 � Common peroneal nerve form dorsal division – L 4, 4, S 1, S 2 SCIATIC NERVE

Sciatic nerve � In the pelvis ; nerve lies infront of � In the gluteal region ; enters piriformis gluteal region through greater sciatic foramen, passing between ischial tuberosity and greater trochanter. � Superficially it is related to gluteus maximus, posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh � Deeply it is related to body of ischium, tendon of obturator internus, gamelli, obturator externus and quadratus femoris � Medially – inferior gluteal nerve , and vessels. COURSE & RELATIONS

SCIATIC NERVE It enters the thigh at the lower border of gluteus maximus and runs vertically downwards up to the superior angle of popliteal fossa , where it terminates by dividing into tibial and common peroneal nerves. � Superficially it is related to long head of biceps femoris � Deeply it is related to adductor magnus � Medially- post. cut. nerve of thigh , semimembranosus, and semitendinosus � Sciatic nerve in the thigh

Branches �Articular branch to hip joint �Muscular branch for hamstrings(tibial part) �Short head of biceps by common peroneal nerve

Arteries of the back of thigh �Terminal artery part of profunda femoris �Lateral circumflex artery �Medial circumflex artery �Perforating branches of profunda femoris artery.