Awesome Ablatives Ablative of Means Ablative of Place
Awesome Ablatives Ablative of Means Ablative of Place Where Feb. 3 -7, 2014
Ablative Endings: -ā, -o, -is Case Singular Nominative (subject) -a Genitive (“of”) -ae Dative (“to”/ “for”) -ae Accusative (direct obj. ) -am Ablative Plural -ae -arum -is -as -ā -is Case Sg. Pl. Nom. (subject) Gen. (“of”) Dat. (“to”/ “for”) Acc. (direct obj. ) -us -i -o -um -i -orum -is -os Abl. -o -is
Remember Our Narrative Chain? • Lots of ABS! • The ABLATIVE case has many uses. • There as many as 15 uses for the ablative! • This week we’ll learn 2: ablative of place where and ablative of means.
Ablative of Place Where • A very long name for a very easy concept! • It simply means that when you use the preposition “in” in Latin, the object of “in” has to be in the ablative case. • Remember that the Latin word“in” can mean “in” or “on” depending on the context
aqua, aquae (f. ) • Where is the boat? in aquā Aqua becomes ablative: aquā
casa, casae (f. ) • Where is the girl? in casā Casa becomes ablative: casā
unda, undae (f. ) • Where are the surfers? in undis Unda becomes ablative pl. : undis
equus, equi (m. ) • Where is the man? in equo Equus becomes ablative: equo Remember that “in” in Latin can also mean “on”
carrus, carri (m. ) • Where is the girl? in carro Carrus becomes ablative: carro
Ablative of Means • An ablative word can be used to express the instrument or means by which a person does something. • This is called the ablative of means. • In English, we have to say “by…” or “with…” to express the same thing.
Ablative of Means How does a cook stir the soup? with a spoon
Ablative of Means How does the baseball player hit the ball? with a bat
Ablative of Means How does the child color the picture? with crayons
Ablative of Means • The phrases with a spoon, with a bat, with crayons would be ablatives of means in Latin. • The ablative of means does NOT use a Latin word for “with” or “by. ” You have to add it in the English. • Remember that we had to add “of” when translating genitives, and “to” when translating datives. Same idea here!
Examples! • Cibum carro portamus. • We carry the food with a cart.
Examples! • Romani Siciliam pugnis occupant. • The Romans seize Sicily by battles.
Examples! • Puella vitam equi cibo servat. • The girl saves the life of the horse with food.
Dative vs. Ablative…How Can I Tell? • You’ll notice some endings are the same for dative and ablative. • Remember: an ablative of means is usually a THING, not a person or animal. Use “by” or “with” for these. • If there’s a light bulb verb in the sentence (giving, showing, telling), then it may be a dative like we learned earlier. Use “to” with these.
Dative vs. Ablative • Agricola equo cibum donat. • The farmer gives food to the horse. • We carry food with a cart. • Cibum carro portamus. • Not “we carry food to/toward the cart”---that would be “Cibum ad carrum portamus. ”
Things to Take Away from This Lesson • Ablatives use the endings –ā, -o, and –is. • Ablatives can show place where after the word in. • Puella est in casā. The girl is in the house. • Ablatives can show “by means of” without using a word for “with” or “by. ” • Puella vitam equi cibo servat. The girl saves the life of the horse with food.
- Slides: 20