Autonomous Maritime Navigation AMN Griffin Unmanned Surface Vessel

Autonomous Maritime Navigation (AMN) / Griffin Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) Experimentation Trident Warrior ‘ 10

AMN TW 10 Objectives • Overarching Objective: • Demonstrate autonomous flexibility by converting a standard Navy RHIB into an autonomous USV capable of cooperative autonomy in order to provide persistent surveillance and relevant information to the expeditionary commander via an adhoc expeditionary WAN. • Sub-objectives • Demonstrate multiple USVs are capable of accomplishing assigned mission(s) by executing flexible and sufficient cooperative autonomy mission behaviors • Demonstrate autonomous USVs can provide persistent surveillance and locate, identify and track contacts in accordance with assigned mission. • Demonstrate an autonomous USV capable of providing relevant, timely and accurate information to the expeditionary EC 3 via an adhoc expeditionary WAN. • Demonstrate the flexibility of AMN sensor and autonomous capability by converting a standard Navy RHIB into an autonomous USV.

Autonomous Maritime Navigation (AMN) OPERATIONAL NEED • Objective: Transition AMN autonomous control system module and multi-purpose sensor system for Navy Expeditionary Combat Command (NECC) autonomous USV operations (solo or cooperative) using existing and purpose built small boat inventory. 11 M RHIB • Value to Warfighter: Persistent ISR capability with no risk to personnel, reduction in required manpower and bandwidth costs over remote control operations. Power Vent PROPOSED SOLUTION CAPABILITIES • Technology: NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) robotics technologies and advanced algorithms for autonomous platform systems management, operation, and navigation, operational software and COTS/GOTS portable sensors. • Full autonomous capability for any Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) enabled by an adaptable sensor module and an autonomy and fusion module - Flexible Modules: Variable sensor mix and ruggedized container sizes - Can make any vessel a USV in days • Partners: NASA JPL, Marshall University, NSWCCD Carderock, OSD DDR&E RRTO, Spatial Integrated Systems • Use existing boat inventories • Adapt sensors and autonomous behaviors to fit operational needs

AMN SV-1 AMN Contacts in MSCT format with Correlating JPG Picture via internet to APAN unclas COP Coalition UNCLAS COP AMN Contacts & USV Location data via Sealancet Radio NECC JEC 3 MSCT radio -NECC JEC 3 Fu Vi se a d Se co al nt an ac ce t r ep ad o io rts / M SC T sw Subscribe via internet APAN / VRMTC-A COI For AMN contacts Coalition Partners RM to SIPR AMN C 2 Center colocated with EC 3 Fuse d And contact repo JPG p rt i In M SCT ctures vi s a Sea form lance at t APAN / VRMTC-A unclas COP Link 16 AMN 1 Fu An se d in d J co M PG nt SC p ac T ict t r fo ur ep rm es o at vi rts a Se al F Vi use a d Se co al n an ta ce ct t R re ad po io rts an / ce M tr SC ad T io s US Classified Tactical picture w Boat-to-Boat comms Via Sealancet radios for Cooperative behavior AMN 2

AMN Fixed Oparea Patrol Mission with Gatekeeper Mission: • AMN “A Fixed area patrol • Detect, track and report • AMN B will track and block any Intruder in gatekeeper box • AMN A & B will swap missions Via cooperative autonomy based On tactical situation • 6 hour missions on 7 and 8 June Detect, track and Report A Gatekeeper B Track and Block Expeditionary Base / JEC 3

MISSION DETAILS – Mission 1 � Fixed OPAREA patrol and goalkeeper / blocker for expeditionary base (6 hours) �Demonstrate harbor patrol activity �Persistent surface surveillance, as a subset of ISR �Real-time tactical picture with usable data for situational awareness and tactical responses �Blocking and deterring behavior

AMN High Value Unit (HVU) Escort Mission: • AMN A and B escort HVU via an open ocean And chokepoint transit • AMN A and B will track and block any intruder Coming within 500 yds of HVU but 1 AMN must remain with HVU at all times • AMN A and B will swap missions as tactical Situation detects i. e 1 AMN will intercept While second AMN continues escort And when intercept and blocking complete, AMN rejoin escort mission • Escort track is 24 nm , 4 nm of choke point • Escort track is run 2 times for 1 complete mission • Escort missions run on 9 and 10 June A HVU A B

MISSION DETAILS – Mission 2 � High value asset (HVA) littoral escort in a choke point area (4 hours) �Demonstrate escort capability �Exhibit roles in choke point area while escorting �Real-time tactical picture with usable data for situational awareness and tactical responses �Blocking and deterring behavior

Quicklook Results

TW Evolution TW 09 TW 10 Single USV autonomy Two USVs - cooperative autonomy UNCLAS COP MDA DS COI (publish and subscribe) UNCLAS COP – APAN (coalition) Classified Tactical Picture – Link 16 Converted Fleet 11 M RHIB to autonomous USV Special built USV C 2: operational level, MOC C 2: tactical level, expeditionary C 2 Missions: Riverine patrol and Port Security Missions: HVU escort through a chokepoint, Fixed Oparea / Expeditionary Base Force Protection Comms: cell phone modem Comms: Navy tactical LOS mesh radios AIS receive only on USV AIS transceiver; extend AIS as AIS relay for ships at sea

� USV Development Background: ◦ Autonomous Maritime Navigation (AMN) has been under development since 2006. AMN began as a Congressionally funded Department of Navy, Navy Surface Warfare Center (NSWC) Carderock project. ◦ Griffin is an Department of Defense Research and Engineering ( DDR&E) Rapid Response Technology Office (RRTO) project that leveraged Navy AMN capabilities and investment and funded cooperative autonomous capability ◦ AMN / Griffin leverage NASA – Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) Mars Rover technologyl � Autonomous. ◦ AMN / Griffin is AUTONOMOUS – No human in the loop, no remote communications. Project premise is “If a USV can demonstrate completely autonomous behavior then remote control or “sliding autonomy” is comparatively trivial. ”

� Any boat can be a USV: ◦ Four vessels have been currently converted: 40’ R&D boat, 35’ R&D boat, 7 M RHIB and 11 M RHIB � Fleet 11 M RHIB in TW 10 was converted to an autonomous USV in 1 week ◦ It's not about the boat, hull or, engine performance - it's about the "brain" (software and sensors) and the learned behaviors. ◦ "Minimum requirements" to retrofit a boat with AMN/Griffin is a controller area network interface ( CANBUS) that connects intelligent electronic devices to vehicle mechanical parts. � AMN / Griffin leverages as Canbus from the Program Executive Office for Littoral and Mine Warfare (PEO LMW MIW) USV acquisition program. More modern boats will convert to USVs quicker and at lower cost than having to digitally backfit all the old analog and mechanical systems. � Key attributes: ◦ Agility, flexibility, robustness and portability � TW 10: � Portable: converted a Fleet 11 M RHIB to USV in 1 week � Robust: 11 M RHIB operating in full autonomous mode after engine casualty � Flexible: Converted Fleet 11 M RHIB USV doing cooperative autonomy with special built USV (Powervent) � Agile: Able to do multiple missions and swap missions “on the fly”

� Vision: ◦ Sensor suite and autonomous “brain” will be government furnished equipment (GFE) / government off the shelf (GOTS) and General Services Administration (GSA) schedule will have the sensor / autonomous brain system and integration services to support quickly converting ANY vessel into an autonomous USV ◦ Next steps: autonomous USV with non-lethals performing a operational mission in a forward AOR

AMN Autonomy and Sensor Portability � Full autonomous capability for ANY Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) enabled by an adaptable sensor module and an autonomy and fusion module ◦ Flexible modules: Variable sensor mix and ruggedized container sizes ◦ Can make any vessel a USV • Use in days existing boat inventories • No need for new platforms; save procurement $$$$ • No readiness ramp up; use existing parts inventory and trained maintenance crews • Mission flexibility • Adapt sensors and autonomous behaviors to operational needs X-BAND and KA RADARs AIS EO STEREO, ARRAY & 360 CAMER AS LIDAR IR SENSORS Sensor Module DIGITAL NAUTICAL CHART DATABASE GPS/IMU SENSOR FUSION TO COMMON TACTICAL PICTURE NASA CARACa. S REAL-TIME CONTROL SYSTEM BOAT IQAN BUS Autonomy & Fusion Module RUDDER AND THROTTLES ENGINE SENSORS “Any” Surface Vessel

Autonomous Maritime Navigation (AMN) “This is not Remote Control, this is not Scripted, this is Full Autonomy!”